中考英语语法总结---形容词副词代词介词连词和数词-查字典英语网
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中考英语语法总结---形容词副词代词介词连词和数词

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  形容词和副词 英语赵艳芳老师的主页 | 查看全部日志

  在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例,一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配,但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的比较级和最高级。

  一、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

  ①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est,如:small --- smaller --- smallest

  ② 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 r或 st,如

  large --- largest --- largest

  ③ 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的,需双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-est。

  ④ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词,把y变i,再加 er或-est.

  busy---busier---busiest

  happy---happier---happiest

  但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most,如:

  slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly

  difficult---more difficult---most difficult

  beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful

  但还有一些不规则的变化:

  good / well---better---best

  many---more---most

  bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst

  little---less---least

  far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest

  二、 形容词和副词的等比句型

  ①asas 和一样

  Im as tall as you.

  ② not as(so)as 不和 一样(在否定句中常用so 来代替as)如,

  I cant run so fast as you.

  另外asas possible 为固定结构,如,as soon as possible, as quickly as possible 等。

  在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。

  三、形容词和副词的其它句型还有:

   ① 形容词/ 副词 比较级 + than 句型 ,在than 后面的人称代词 用主语和宾语均可。

   He is older than I / me.

   但是如果人称代词后有动词时,则只能用主格形式。如,

   Tom found more red leaves than I did.

  ② the + 比较级, the + 比较级 结构表示两个变化一起发生。如, The more you learn, the more youll know.

  ③ more and more结构(指两个形容词比较级用and 连接)表示持续不断的变化。 如: Im getting thinner and thinner.

  四、修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等,very不能和比较级连用。如:

   The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.

  昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。

  To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.

  打篮球对于男孩子来说要有趣得多。

  五、形容词的一些搭配,如:

  be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高兴做某事

  be sorry to do 很抱歉,很遗憾做某事

  be sure to do 一定/相信会做某事

  be ready to do 准备好做某事,乐于做某事

  get ready to do 为做好准备 等等。

  下面我们来看一些例题。

  1. The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.

  A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river

  D. the long river

  答案:A

  2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother?

   A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than

  答案:C

  3. Which shirt do you like ___, the white one or the blue one?

   A. better B. good C. best D. much

  答案:A

  4. I dont feel ___ to go to work today. Im ill.

   A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good

  答案:B

  5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.

  A. a little more B. a little C. a few more D. much more

  答案:C

  下面请大家自己做以下练习。

  1. Be quiet, class! I have ___ to tell you.

  A. important anything B. important something

  C. anything important D. something important

  答案:D

  2. This picture book is not ___ that one.

  A. so interesting as B. so interesting than C. as interesting than

  D. interesting as

  答案:A

  3. This article is ___ than that one.

  A. much easier B. more easier c. much more easier D. more easy

  答案:A

  4. The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.

  A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer

  答案:C

  5. You must keep your room ___ and tidy.

  A. to clean B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned

  答案:C

  中考中当然也会涉及到其他诸如代词、数词、介词、和连词等的用法。

  下面我就简单提醒大家每类词需注意的地方。

  1. 代词

  同学们需掌握以下不定代词:

  all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no以及由some, any, no, every构成的合成词如 nobody等,并注意不定代词的定语后置,如something English

  2. 数词

  同学们需要记住一些特殊拼写的序数词。

  如:第1--- first 第2--- second 第3--- third 第5--- fifth 第9--- ninth

  第12--- twelfth 第20--- twentieth

   另外需要记住以下短语:

  hundreds of 数以百计

  thousands of 数以千计

  tens of thousands of 数以万计

  several millions of好几百万

   但表示确切的百或千时不能用复数形式,如:

  ten thousand

  three million

  3. 介词的考察内容主要是介词短语,特别是那些有固定搭配和固定用法的介词短语。这类短语比较多,这里我不再一一赘述,大家可以看《初中英语复习指导》第204页至208页上的词组。但我要特别提几个以前旧教材所没有的短语,请大家注意。

  如, speak highly of高度赞扬

  regard as 视为,把看做

  make a contribution to doing sth 为做贡献

  4. 连词

  同学们需要特别记忆以下连词或连词短语:

  neithernor

  eitheror

  not onlybut also

  bothand

  前三个短语引导主语时,谓语动词需遵循就近原则。

  如, Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不正确。

  Either Lucy or Lily is going there. 不是Lucy就是Lily要去那儿。

   那么bothand连接主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

   如, Both Lucy and Lily are going there.

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