雅思写作常见用词错误你犯过哪几条-查字典英语网
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雅思写作常见用词错误你犯过哪几条

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  下面对写作词汇中常错词汇进行了分析,大家不妨看一下。

  一、such as与for example的混用

  我们知道,在表示举例子的时候,such as与like是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

  但是同学们对于such as、for example 的把握还是不够准确。我们都知道,后者接句子前者接词语表示举例子。于是就有了下面的写法:

  There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian.

  这里的such as改为for example为好,因为in French and Italian其实是there is a similar word in French and Italian的简化,所以要用for example来引出例证。再来看几个类似的例子:

  It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics.

  二、assume 及claim 使用不够准确

  我们知道,think, assume, claim是议论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中,同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的,完全可以代换,所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同:

  Think: to have opinion or belief about sth

  翻译为认为,通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。

  Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it.

  翻译为假设、假定,是否有事实依据是不确定的。

  Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it.

  翻译为声称,用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点,所以很少用作I claim that

  Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact

  所以It is claimed that通常翻译为有报道称。。。。和it is reported that 的区别在于后者翻译为据报道,往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容。

  Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision

  翻译为考虑,一般不用作引出观点,看个例子:

  We are considering buying a new car。

  所以,千万不要在雅思大作文的第一段(观点表达段)就因为用词把握不准而导致对整篇文章的低分印象。

  三、介词使用错误

  1、普通介词的误用

  一般表现为固定搭配错误,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,虽然这样的错误看似无伤大雅,但在考官眼里就是影响顺畅阅读的,当然会影响最终成绩。解决的办法简单而古老:把常见的固定搭配牢记于心,问题自然就解决了。

  2、 to作为介词的误用

  to最常见的用法是以动词不定式符号的形式出现的,所以同学们也已经习惯了to do的固定搭配。对于一些如walk to me, to the left等介词to表方向等常见用法一般也不会出现错误。但是对于与动词搭配的介词to就会经常犯错:

  如:More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。

  这里的take tomeans to begin to do sth as a habit其中to为介词,所以后面只能接名词或相当于名词的词,如动名词。所以句中depend on 应改为depending on。take to的另一个常用用法也需要牢记:

  He hasnt taken to his new school. (这里take to means to start liking sb or sth)

  Prefer A to B中的to也是介词,会有prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else,另外,prefer to do sth rather than do sth中的to可是真正的不定式符号。

  类似的常用用法请同学们牢记:

  Be used to doing

  Adapt to doing

  Adjust to doing

  prefer doing sth. to doing sth。

  Be accustomed to doing

  See to doing 等等,请注意平时仔细积累。

  四、表建议的词汇后面忘记用虚拟从句

  这是摘自学生雅思作文中的一个病句:I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school.

  因为suggest翻译为建议,所以后面的从句应该用虚拟语气,句中continues部分应该改为 continue。

  在此,提醒您,一定要牢记以下常见表建议的词汇,而且要记住这些词接从句时要用虚拟语气:

  Recommend, suggest, advise

  五、compare与contrast的误用

  我们先从两者的定义入手来看两者的区别。 Compare的定义为:to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定义为:to compare two or more things to show the difference between them. 由定义不难看出前者侧重于找到两个或多个事物的异同,而后者则侧重于它们的不同。

  看个例句:

  It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours.

  前一句翻译为:对比一下我们的情况与他们的情况会很有趣。

  后一句的翻译为:我们的情况与他们的情况有很大的不同,这很有趣。

  再看一个引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNERS DICTIONARY的例子:

  There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West.

  The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.

  When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.

  不难发现,Compare翻译为与。。。相比而contrast可译为明显不同的是。。。,切记这种翻译方式就不会用错彼此了。

  

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