子曰:道之以政,齐之以刑,民免而无耻,道之以德,齐之以礼,有耻且格。
The Master said: Guide the people by law, subdue them by punishment; they may shun crime, but will be void of shame. Guide them by example, subdue them by courtesy; they will learn shame, and come to be good.
【注释】
道:有两种解释:一为引导二为治理。前者较为妥贴。
齐:整齐、约束。
免:避免、躲避。
耻:羞耻之心。
格:有两种解释:一为至二为正。
【译文】
孔子说:用法制禁令去引导百姓,使用刑法来约束他们,老百姓只是求得免于犯罪受惩,却失去了廉耻之心;用道德教化引导百姓,使用礼制去统一百姓的言行,百姓不仅会有羞耻之心,而且也就守规矩了。
【评析】
儒家治国之理论基础: 两种截然不同的治国方针。第一, 孔子认为,刑罚可能使人避免犯罪,但是不能使人懂得犯罪可耻的道理,其二: 是道德约束. 道德教化既能使百姓守规蹈矩,又能使百姓有知耻之心。
这个理念可以用来对付雅思作文考试题目:
2005年6月18日
Sending criminals to prison is not the effective method to deal with them. Education and job training should be used instead. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
上一篇: 雅思写作范文:高中毕业后的选择
下一篇: 雅思写作常用句型结构
Fishing bans imposed on Pearl, Yangtze to help declining stock
Visitors flock to plant despite risk
New Zealand focuses on Eastern promise
Tougher penalties required against illegal food additives
US may share secret data with Russia
Man kills 4 outside French school
Obama to stress security alliance in Seoul visit
New media a powerful tool, says poll
Obama vows to pursue nuclear cuts with Russia
Taliban promises revenge against US
Investment access set to widen
China gets serious about seatbelt use
Obama, Lee warn DPRK rocket test
UN's Ban pushes Annan Syria plan
High winds warning for weekend
Synthetic drugs pose new challenge
Obama hits back in Russia 'hot mic' row
Wen asks Chongqing to reflect
School shooting suspect 'planned to kill' again
Afghan Taliban say US must rebuild trust
Blood-lead level testing resumed amid outcry
Capital aims for healthier, cleaner growth
That's no wolf, that's my Lady
Students caught betting on sports
Aircraft carrier to begin service this year
Sydney Harbour Bridge turns 80
Afghan killings suspect: Recent life was struggle
James Murdoch: 'I could have asked more questions'
Taxis get subsidy to soften fuel hike blow
Monks' radical moves in Tibet opposed