不定代词作主语时的主谓一致问题 1. someone, anyone等作主语时 someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, nothing等复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数: Someone is asking to see you. 有人找你。http://yingyu.chazidian.com Nobody is to blame for it. 这谁也不怨。 No one wants to read such books. 没有人想看那样的书。 2. all 作主语时 若指人,谓语通常用复数;若指事物或现象,谓语通常用单数: All have gone home. 大家都走了。 All that glitters is not gold. 发亮的不一定都是金子。 比较: All is silent. 万籁俱寂。(指现象) All are silent. 人人都沉默不语。(指具体的人) 【注意】 若是“all of+名词”作主语,则谓语动词与其中名词的数保持一致。 3. either和neither作主语时 若是单独作主语,谓语通常用单数: Neither was satisfactory. 两个都不令人满意。 The two guests have arrived, and either is welcome. 两位客人都到了,哪一位都受欢迎。 【注意】 若是“either [neither] of+名词”作主语,则其后的谓语动词可用单数(正式文体)或复数(非正式文体): Neither of the two computers is [are] cheap. 这两台电脑都不便宜。 Is [Are] either of the boys ready? 两个男孩都准备好了吗? I don’t think either of them is [are] at home. 我想他们俩个都会不在家。
4. each作主语或修饰主语时 单独用作主语(或修饰主语),谓语用单数: Each student has his own desk. 每个学生都有自己的课桌。 Two boys entered. Each was carrying a suitcase. 两个男孩进来,每人提着一只箱子。 【注意】 (1) 两个或多个“each+单数名词”结构并列作主语时, 谓语用单数。 (2) “each of+复数名词或代词”用作主语, 谓语一般要用单数 Each of them was deeply frightened. 他们个个都惊恐万分。(from http://yingyu.chazidian.com) 但是在非正式文体中(尤其是当 each of之后的名词较长时)偶尔也可用复数谓语,但很少见,学生宜慎用。 5. none (of) 作主语时 若指不可数名词,谓语用单数;若指复数可数名词,谓语可用单数(正式文体)或复数(非正式文体): None of the money is mine. 这笔钱没有一点是我的。 None of the boys like [likes] it. 这些男孩子谁也不喜欢它。 6. 关于“one of+复数名词+定语从句” 在这一结构中,定语从句的谓语用复数取决于先行词是one还是其后的复数名词。一般说来,在这类结构中,复数名词通常被认为是先行词(即定语从句谓语用复数),除非one of前有the (only) 修饰(此时定语从句的谓语用单数): He is one of the people who were killed in the accident. 他是事故中丧命的人之一。 He is the only one of the people who was killed in the accident. 他是事故中惟一丧命的人。