【小编编语】今天查字典英语网小编教给同学们的是中考语法必备:非谓语动词之分词作宾语补足语,一起来学习下吧!
1. 在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后,要用不带 to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话)后用作主语补足语的不定式要带 to。
He made me work 12 hours a day. 他要我每天工作12小时。
I was made to work 12 hours a day. 每天要我工作12小时。
记忆方法:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、四看(see, look at, watch, notice)。
2. 在下列动词后用作宾语补足语的非谓语动词用不定式,即用于 vt. + sb / sth + to do sth 的形式:
advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 叫,请 bear 忍受
beg 乞求 cause 导致 command 命令 encourage 鼓励
expect 期待 forbid 禁止 force 迫使 get 使
hate 讨厌 help 帮助 intend 想要 invite 邀请
leave 让 like 喜欢 mean 打算 need 需要
oblige 迫使 order 命令 permit 允许 persuade 说服
prefer 宁愿 request 请求 remind 提醒 teach 教
tell 告诉 trouble 麻烦 want 想要 warn 警告
wish 希望 wait for 等 would like 想要
would love 想要 would prefer 宁愿
注:(1) 在 help 后作宾补的不定式带不带 to 均可(from www.hxen.com)。
(2) 但 fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接 sb to do sth。
3. 用非谓语动词作宾语补足语的常用结构:
(1) have sb do sth使某人做某事
(2) have sb doing sth 使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中
(3) have sth done 请人做某事,遭受某事
(4) catch sb doing sth 抓住(碰上)某人在做某事
(5) feel sth / sb doing sth 感觉某人或某物在做某事
(6) find sb / sth doing sth 发现某人或某物在做某事
(7) keep sb / sth doing sth 使某人或某物不停地做某事
(8) start sb doing sth 使某人开始做某事
(9) send sb to do sth 派(叫)某人去做某事。如:
(10) send sb / sth doing sth 使某人或某物迅速做某事
(11) leave sb to do sth 让某人去做某事
(12) leave sb doing sth 让某人做某事(处于做某事的状态中)
(13) set sb to do sth 使某人做某事
(14) set sb (sth) doing sth 使某人或某物开始做某事
4. 非谓语动词作宾补的一个原则:当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时,用不定式或现在分词;当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时,用过去分词,或用不定式、现在分词的被动式
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