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初中英语谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别

发布时间：2013-07-26 编辑：查字典英语网小编

　　【小编编语】今天查字典英语网小编教给同学们的是初中英语谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别，一起来学习下吧!

　　1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

　　Miss Mary teaches us English.

　　玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)

　　Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.

　　维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。 (to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)

　　2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。

　　Larke likes the pop music.

　　拉克喜欢流行音乐。 (动词用单数第三人称形式)

　　Larke has nothing to do today.

　　拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)

　　非谓语动词的特征：

　　1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。

　　Studying English is my favorite.

　　学习英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)

　　To help him is my duty.

　　帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)

　　2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。

　　Working under such a condition is terrible.

　　在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)

　　It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.

　　他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)

　　3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。

　　I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.

　　对不起让你久等了。(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)

　　Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.

　　从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。(Seen from...是分词的被动形式)

　　4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。

　　Our coming made him happy.

　　我们的到来使他很高兴。(coming 起名词作用)

　　There are two big swimming pools here.

　　这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容词作用)

　　2.非谓语动词的形式变化：

　　不定式主动被动

　　一般to write　 to be written

　　进行to be writing　 /

　　完成to have written to have been written

　　完成进行to have been writing /

　　现在分词主动被动

　　一般 writing　 being written

　　完成 having written having been written

　　过去分词一般written

　　动名词　主动被动

　　一　般　 writing　 being written

　　完　成　 having written　 having been written

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