名词 关于名词,我们必须掌握名词的数,名词的格。
单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数,在元音发音开头的单词前用an,而不是a
1.复数的构成方法:(1)一般在复数名词后加s,如:dog--dogs。
(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es,如:watch--watches。
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es, 如:country--countries。
请区别:如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词,则只须加s。 如:monkey--monkeys。
(4)以o结尾的名词,只有potato(土豆),tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。
(5)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加es, 如:knife--knives。
2.单复数形式相同的词:sheep--sheep,fish--fish Chinese--Chinese,Japanese--Japanese
3.特殊变化的单词有:(1)tooth--teeth,foot--feeth
(2)man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen
请区别:German(德国人)-Germans (3)child-children
4.常以复数形式出现的名词:people(人),clothes(衣服),trousers(裤子) glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时,同学们应特别注意它们的谓语,用复数。 如:My clothes are (be) newer than yours.
5.有些名词看似复数形式,实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的,应特别加以记忆。如:news(消息),maths(数学),physics(物理) No news is good news.
6.可用how many,many,a few,few,a lot of,lots of,some,any等来修饰可数名词复数。 How many are there in your pencil-box?(knife)
不可数名词:1.常见的不可数名词有:water,rice,fish,meat,等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.
2.不可数名词无复数,作主语时常看成单数。如:Some bread__________over there.(be)
3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。
4.常用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达"两片面包"这样的意义,bread仍为不可数名词,不加s,而piece则可加s。即:twopiecesof bread
请区别:可数名词也可用量来表示, 如:三箱苹果three boxes of apples
例: 1、These two pieces of bread __________over there.(be)
2、Could I have three ___________,please?
A.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces of bread D.pieces of breads
名词的格 名词所有格的构成方法,在名词后加" 's"。如:Tom→Tom's译为"…的",若遇上以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加" '"即可。如:Teachers'Day , twoweeks'holiday,而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加's 。如:Children's Day
关于名词所有格,应掌握以下几点:
1.可用名词所有格表示地点。 如:my aunt's 我姑姑家。 go to the doctor's 去医生家。
2.表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加's 如:Lucy and Lily's 露西和莉莉的
3.掌握词组:a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
eg;The white shirt is and blue one is . A、Kate,my B.Kate's,mine C.Kate,mine D.Kate's,my
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