“It”的用法-查字典英语网
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“It”的用法

发布时间:2013-05-07  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  查字典高中英语为您整理英语语法“It的用法:

  1)指事物,人(不明性别或何人时),婴孩、动物(不提性别)或昆虫等。

  例:"Where is my watch, dear?"

  (我的手表在哪儿,亲爱的?)

  "I saw it in your drawer last night."

  (昨晚我看到它在你的抽屉里。)

  例:"Who is it?"

  (是谁?──如敲门时,不明对方的性别或何人。)

  "It's me, Peter."

  (是我,彼得。)

  例:Mrs. Huang had a baby last night.It weighs 4 kilos.

  (黄太太昨夜生了一个婴儿,体重达四公斤。)

  例:What's that?

  (那是什么?)

  It's a silkworm.

  (是蚕。)

  (2)表达时间、日期、季节、天气、距离、环境等。

  例:"What time is it?"-"It's five to twelve."

  (几点钟了?──现在是十一点五十五分。)

  例:"What's the date?"-"It is the third of October."

  (今天几录溉眨咯ぉそ裉焓鞘氯铡#?br> 例:It is very hot in summer.

  (夏天的天气都是很热。)

  例:How far is it from here to the station?

  (这里到车站有多远?)

  例:I like it here very much.

  (我很喜欢这里的环境。)

  (3)表达强调

  句型It +be…+that(who)…

  例:It was Paul that (who) broke the window.

  (=Paul broke the window.)

  (打破了窗的人是保罗。)

  解说 "It… that…"是表达强调的正常句式,但是若强调点是"人",则使用"It…who…"也很普通。本句式可用于一个句子中的任何强调点,例如:

  例:Peter met Helen and Bill at the theater yesterday.

  →It was Peter who met Helen and Bill at the theater yesterday.

  (昨天在戏院看到海伦和比尔的人是彼得。)

  →It was Helen and Bill that Peter met at the theater yesterday.

  (昨天彼得在戏院所遇见的人是海伦和比尔。)

  →It was at the theater that Peter met Helen and Bill yesterday.

  (昨天彼得遇见海伦和比尔的地点是戏院。)

  →It was yesterday that Peter met Helen and Bill at the theater.

  (彼得在戏院遇见海伦和比尔的时间是昨天。)

  (4)形式主语

  例:It is shameful the way he behaves himself before girls.

  (他在女生面前的举止真叫人脸红。)

  例:It is easy to find fault with others.

  (批评别人是容易的。)

  例:It is wrong for you to speak ill of her.

  (你讲她的坏话是不对的。)

  例:It is a great convenience living / to live in a big city.

  (住在大城市里事事都方便。)

  例:It is surprising that she should have married a farmer.

  (她居然和农民结婚实在令人意想不到。)

  解说 上面各例句都可以把"It"所代表的实际主语移到句首来,例如:

  The way he behaves himself before girls is shameful.

  To find fault with others is easy.

  虽然如此,现代英语仍以"I…"较普通。

  (5)形式宾语

  例:I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination.

  (我认为考试作弊是不对的。)

  例:Don't you find it a waste of time watching television too much?

  (你不觉得电视看得太多是浪费时间吗?)

  例:I thought it strange that Jack should have had so much money to spend these days.

  (我觉得杰克近日来会有这么多的钱可花费是一件奇怪的事。)

  解说 本句式都用于有宾语补语的不完全及物动词的句子,"it"代表着宾语补语之后的实际宾语(不定式、动名词、或that-clause)。本句式的实际宾语不可以移入"it"的位置而把"it"省略。常可用本句式来表达的不完全及物动词有:

  find(发现,觉得),think(想,觉得),believe(相信),consider(认为),make,take,etc.

  (6)"it"可以代表前述的短语或句子

  例:Don't let your children play with matches or lighters.It is dangerous.

  (不要让你的小孩们玩火柴或打火机。那是危险的。)

  例:"Jim can solve that puzzle."

  (吉姆能解答那个谜题。)

  "I don't believe it."

  (我不相信。)

  (7)"it"常作非人称动词的主语

  例:It happened that I was there then.

  (碰巧当时我也在场。)

  例:It appears that he'll be elected.

  (他像是会当选的样子。)

  例:It occurred to me then that I had an appointment with her that evening.

  (当时我突然想起来我本来和她在当天晚上有约会。)

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