在英语中有很多词看着都相近,其实意思大不相同,比如bath,bathe两个词的区别:
1. bath的用法
(1) 用作名词,一般指在室内的浴室或浴缸里“洗澡,是可数名词;英国英语和美国英语都用它,但搭配上稍有差别,英国英语多用have a bath,而美国英语多用take a bath。如:
I shall have [take] a hot bath and go to bed. 我洗个热水澡就将上床睡觉了。
(2) 用作动词,也指在室内的浴室或浴缸里“洗澡,只用于英国英语中;在美国英语中一般不这样用,要表示类似用法美国人会用bathe。如:
I bath(英)[bathe(美)] every night. 我每晚洗澡。
She bathed in cold water winter and summer. 不论寒暑她都用凉水洗澡。
但是,即使在英国英语中,bath用作动词是比较正式的用法,在非正式文体中,人们通常会用have a bath或take a bath。
另外,在英国英语中,bath还可用作及物动词,后接宾语,但在美国中英语中则用bathe。如:
It’s your turn to bath [bathe] the baby. 该你给孩子洗澡了。
2. bathe的用法
(1) 用作名词,指到室外的河里或海里等“游泳,主要用于英国英语中,属比较正式的用法。如:
It’s a sunny day. Let’s go for a bathe. 今天天气晴朗,咱们游泳去吧。
(2) 用作动词,也指到室外的河里或海里等“游泳,也主要用于英国英语中。如:
On hot days we often bathe [go bathing] in the river. 天热时我们常在河里[去河里]游泳。
该用法属比较正式的用法,在非正式文体里,一般说have a swim, go for a swim, go swimming, 或者就说swim。如:
Let’s go for a swim in the river. 咱们下河游泳吧。
另外,在美国英语中,bathe经常用来表示“洗澡,相当于英国英语中的bath。如:
I always bathe(美)[bath(英)] before I go to bed. 我睡觉前总要洗个澡。
3. bathe无论在英国英语还是美国英语中,都可以表示用水冲洗身上疼痛的部位,此时为及物动词。如:
The nurse bathed the wound. 护士冲洗伤口。
The doctor told him to bathe his eyes twice a day. 医生叫他每天洗眼两次。
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