关系副词引导定于从句-查字典英语网
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关系副词引导定于从句

发布时间:2013-03-25  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  关系副词在从句中作状语,关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语,也可以作表语,选关系代词还是关系副词关键看它在句中作什么成分。下面整理关系副词与定于从句的关系:

  1. why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。如:

  I don't know the reason why he didn't tell it to his father.

  2. where 引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别

  where 可以同时引导定语从句和状语从句,都在从句中作状语,且表地点。但在定语从句中, where 相当于“介词+ which ,且有引导定语从句、表示地点的先行词;在状语从句中, where 不等于“介词+ which ,且从句前没有表示地点的名词。如:

  She would like to live in a country where it never snows.

  她喜欢住在不下雪的国家。(定语从句,先行词 a country 在句中作状语)

  I will go where I am most needed by our motherland.

  我要去祖国最需要的地方。(状语从句)

  我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。

  3. when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如:

  Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time?

  你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗?

  4. where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。如:

  Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?

  你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗?

  5. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词+名词,如: when = on / in / during the day, where= in / at / on the place, why = for the reason ,因此关系副词引导的定语从句可以改写为“介词+ which 引导的定语从句。如:

  That is the day when ( on which ) he did the experiments.

  就是他做实验的那一天。

  This is the house where ( in which ) my father used to live.

  这就是我父亲以前住过的房子。

  That is the reason why ( for which ) he is leaving very soon.

  那就是他为什么要马上离开的原因。

  注意:在这种“介词+ which 的结构中,介词的选择取决于 which 所指的名词与介词的搭配关系,或者取决于定语从句中动词词组与介词的搭配关系。如:

  This is the farm where ( on which ) I worked three years ago.

  这就是我三年前工作过的农场。

  He can't forget that year when ( in which ) he was taken to Beijing.

  他忘不了他被带到北京去的那一年。

  6. 关系代词和关系副词的选择

  先行词是表时间或地点的名词时,关系词的选择要慎重,以下技巧可帮助你解决此类问题。( 1 )分析句子结构,看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语,还是作主语和宾语。( 2 )看定语从句中的动词是及物动词,还是不及物动词,还是“不及物动词+介词结构。

  比较: This is the place where he worked ( vi ) when he was young.

  The city ( that / which ) we visited ( vt ) is well-known.

  We'll never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent ( vt ) in the village.

  We'll never forget the day when we work ( vi ) in the village.

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