什么叫疑问句?疑问句有什么主要的特征?一般来说 用“yes或“no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。
1)一般疑问句构成:句中谓语动词是to be、助动词、情态动词时,则将它们(提前)放到主语前面。如:Ishe an engineer?(他是工程师吗?)/ Have you got today’s newspaper? (你有今天的报纸吗?)/Shall we go to see a film this evening? (我们今晚去看电影好吗?)/ Can you explain it ?(你能解释它吗?)/ Is there any fish for supper?(晚饭有鱼吗?)/ Would you like to go out for a walk?(你想出去散步吗?)
谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时,则在主语前面加助动词do / does / did, 原来的谓语动词改为原形。如:Do you get up at six every morning?(你天天早晨六点起身吗?)/ Does she study hard?(她学习努力吗?)/ Did you go there yesterday?(昨天你去那儿了吗?)
2)一般疑问句的回答:
一般疑问句通常用简略形式来回答。如:
Will you join us in playing basketball?(你加入我们打篮球好吗?)—Yes, we will.(是的我们会。)/—No, we won’t.(不我们不会。)
Have you got today’s newspaper?(你有今天的报纸吗?)—Yes, I have .(是的有。)/ —No, I haven’t.(不没有。)
回答时所用的时态应和问句里的时态一致。
[注意] 回答must或者may开头的疑问句要小心,参见情态动词有关内容。
3)一般疑问句的否定结构(即否定形式的一般疑问句)表示惊奇、责怪、建议、看法等,只要将“not置于主语之后或者将“not放到主语之前与be, have等助动词或情态动词合并在一起就可以了。如:
Will he not come?(他难道不来吗?)/ Isn’t your sister a Party member?(你的姐姐不是党员吗?)/Haven’t you any brothers?(你没有哥哥吗?)/ Don’t you like the play?(你难道不喜欢这个话剧吗?)/Can’t we walk a little farther?(我们不能走远些吗?)/ Won’t you sit down?(你不想坐下吗?)/ Hasn’tshe heard of the matter?(她没听说过这事儿?)
这种否定结构的疑问句的回答与汉语的习惯不同。如果回答是肯定的,就用“yes+肯定结构;如果回答是否定的,就用“no+否定结构。(情况与反意问句类似。)如:
Can’t he answer the question? (他不能回答这个问题吗?)
—Yes,he can.(不,他能回答这个问题。) —No,he can’t.(是的,他不能回答这个问题。)
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