唐诗中的“花花世界”

荷花入诗，情彩飞扬，雅俗共赏，有人借荷香淡淡抒发清闲散淡情怀，有人借荷花艳艳展示生命意趣，有人借荷花生死倾诉相思苦情……凡此种种，多姿多彩，荷为人而生，文因荷而贵，人荷相映，演绎了一首首洋溢着生命情愫的华彩诗章。

Lotus into poetry, love and color flying, refined and popular appreciation, some people use lotus fragrance light to express leisure and light feelings, some people use lotus gorgeous display life interest, some people use lotus life and death to tell Acacia bitterness All of these, colorful, the lotus is born for people, the article is expensive because of the lotus, people and the lotus match, deduce a colorful poem full of life feelings.

清闲散淡之花。孟浩然的《夏日南亭怀辛大》抒写诗人夏夜水亭纳凉的清爽闲适和对友人的怀念之情。“山光忽西落，池月渐东上。散发乘夕凉，开轩卧闲敞。荷风送香气，竹露滴清响。欲取鸣琴弹，恨无知音赏。感此怀故人，中霄劳梦想。”一、二两句遇景入咏，融情于景。夕阳西下，素月东升，“夏日”可畏而“忽”落，明月可爱而“渐”起，一快一慢凸现诗人的愉悦心理。三、四两句即事抒怀，活灵活现。诗人沐浴之后，洞开亭户，披头散发，靠窗而卧，逍遥自在，令人羡慕。五、六两句细化身心快感。清风送爽，荷花飘香，如丝如缕，沁人心脾；翠竹滴露，清脆悦耳，如丝如筝，清幽绝俗。写荷以“气”，写竹以“响”，意境幽深静谧，情调高雅别致，荷香和佳竹巧妙地烘托出诗人悠然自得，闲适自乐的素淡情怀，为下文抒发诗人渴盼知音，怀想故人创设了氛围。

The flower of leisure. Meng Haoran's "summer South Pavilion with Xinda" describes the poet's cool and comfortable summer night Water Pavilion and his nostalgia for friends. "The mountain light suddenly falls in the west, and the moon rises in the East. It's cool in the evening. It's open and open. The lotus wind sends the fragrance, and the bamboo dew drips. If you want to play the piano, you hate the sound of ignorance. I feel that I have a dream of cherishing my old friend. " 1、 Two sentences are chanted when they meet the scenery, and they integrate feelings with the scenery. When the sun sets in the West and the moon rises in the East, the "summer" can be feared and "suddenly" falls, and the bright moon is lovely and "gradually" rises, which shows the poet's pleasant psychology quickly and slowly. 3、 Four or two sentences express their feelings and are vivid. After the poet bathed, he opened the pavilion, spread his hair, and lay by the window. He was at ease and enviable. 5、 Six or two sentences refine physical and mental pleasure. The wind is fresh, the lotus is fragrant, like silk, refreshing; the bamboo dew is crisp and sweet, like silk, like zither, quiet and unique. Writing lotus with "Qi", writing bamboo with "ring", the artistic conception is deep and quiet, the sentiment is elegant and unique, lotus fragrance and good bamboo ingeniously set off the poet's simple feelings of carefree and happy, which creates an atmosphere for the following expression of the poet's longing for friends and nostalgia for his old friends.

青春意趣之花。王昌龄的《采莲曲二首》（其二）刻绘田田荷叶之中、艳艳荷花之下采莲少女的美丽形象，意境优美，情调欢快。“荷叶罗裙一色裁，芙蓉向脸两边开。乱入池中看不见，闻歌始觉有人来。”一、二两句写诗人伫立凝望，人花一体，难以分辨的情景。罗裙舒展，绿如荷叶，宛见采莲少女亭亭玉立之姿；笑脸相迎，艳若荷花，如睹采莲少女欢声笑语之态。荷叶罗裙，人面荷花，浑然一体，相映成趣，乍一看去，几乎分辨不清孰为荷叶，孰为罗裙，哪是荷花，哪是脸庞。这些采莲女子简直就成了美丽大自然的一部分，或者说竟是荷花精灵！三、四两句写诗人眼花缭乱之际，走神错意之时的意外发现，展示青春少女的无限活力。采莲少女与绿荷红莲融为一体，忽然不见踪影，诗人踟蹰怅惘，惊奇不已。可是，没过多久，莲塘之中歌声四起，热闹非凡，诗人这才恍然大悟，原来那些“看不见”的采莲女子仍然在这绿叶红花的荷塘之中，仿佛是和诗人这样的观望者开了个玩笑。这群江南女子啊，聪明美丽，天真活泼，出没绿波红花之中，歌唱劳动，歌唱生活，充满着青春活力。从她们身上，我们看到了一种如荷飘香，如花美丽的青春风采。

The flower of youth. Wang Changling's two lotus picking songs (2) depicts the beautiful image of the girl picking lotus under the lotus leaves and the gorgeous lotus flowers, with beautiful artistic conception and happy mood. "The lotus leaf skirt is cut in one color, and hibiscus opens to both sides of the face. I can't see it in the pool. When I hear the song, I feel that someone is coming. " 1、 The poet stands and stares at the scene where human beings and flowers are integrated and indistinguishable. The skirt is stretched out, green as lotus leaf, just like the graceful posture of the girl picking lotus; the smiling face greets, just like the lotus flower, just like the laughter and laughter of the girl picking lotus. Lotus leaf skirt and human face lotus are integrated into a whole. At first glance, it's almost impossible to distinguish which is lotus leaf, which is Luo skirt, which is lotus, which is face. These lotus picking women have become part of the beautiful nature, or even the lotus spirit! 3、 When the poet is dazzled and distracted, the unexpected discovery shows the infinite vitality of the young girl. The young girl picking lotus and the green lotus and the red lotus are integrated. Suddenly, they are gone. The poet hesitates and feels disappointed and surprised. However, it wasn't long before the lotus pond was full of songs and bustling, and the poet realized that those "invisible" Lotus picking women were still in the pond with green leaves and red flowers, as if they had made a joke with the spectators like the poet. This group of women in the south of the Yangtze River are smart, beautiful, innocent and lively. They come and go among the green waves and red flowers, singing about labor and life. They are full of youth and vitality. From them, we see a kind of beautiful youth style like lotus fragrance and flowers.

相思愁苦之花。孟郊的《怨诗》以痴心傻气的想象来抒发女主人公愁苦深重的相思之情。“试妾与君泪，两处滴池水。看取芙蓉花，今年为谁死！”两地相思的闲愁苦恨是看不见，摸不着的，也是没大小，没体积，不具形象的东西，测定起来很不容易，可是诗中女主人公却异想天开：试把我们两个人的眼泪，分别滴在荷花池中，看一看今夏美丽的荷花被谁的泪水浸泡而死。显然，在她心目中看来，谁滴的泪多，谁的泪更苦涩，荷花就将为谁而“死”，那么，谁的相思之情更深，自然也就测定出来了。比试滴泪，滴泪成池，泪淹芙蓉，见证爱情，此等痴心透骨的情语非性情中人不能设想。出污泥而不染的“芙蓉花”成了男女主人公相思离情的可靠见证。李商隐的《板桥晓别》化用典故，抒写情人的离别苦情。“回望高城落晓河，长亭窗户压微波。水仙欲上鲤鱼去，一夜芙蓉红泪多。”一、二两句远眺近观，点明离别的时间、地点和朦胧奇幻的环境氛围。三、四两句分别化用典故写行者和送者。“水仙”句暗用琴高事。《列仙传》上说，琴高是战国时赵人，行神仙道术，曾乘赤鲤来，留月余复入水而去，诗人此处把远行之人比着乘鲤凌波而去的水仙，化实为虚，奇幻天真。“红泪”句暗用薛灵芸事。据《拾遗记》记载，魏文帝美人薛灵芸离别父母登车上路，用玉唾壶承泪，壶呈红色，到了京师壶中泪凝如血，诗人此处将送行者（女主人公）暗喻为水中芙蓉，以表现了她的红润美艳；又由红色芙蓉进而想象出它的泪也应该是“红泪”。这样，一朵艳艳芙蓉勾画出了俏丽佳人泣血神伤的情景。

The flower of lovesickness and sorrow. Meng Jiao's poem of resentment expresses the heroine's deep and sad love for each other with his silly imagination. "Try your tears, two drops of water. See who died this year! " It's hard to measure the things that are invisible, untouchable, without size, volume or image, but the heroine in the poem is whimsical: try to drop the tears of the two of us into the lotus pool, and see who soaked the beautiful lotus this summer to die. Obviously, in her mind, whoever drips more tears, whose tears are more bitter, the lotus will "die" for whom, then, whose love is deeper, naturally will be determined. The competition teardrop, teardrop into a pool, teardrop flooded lotus, witness love, such infatuated love language can not be imagined. The "hibiscus flower" which is out of the mud but not dyed has become a reliable witness of the hero and heroine's lovesickness and separation. Li Shangyin's "Banqiao xiaobie" uses allusions to express the bitterness of his lover's parting. "Looking back at the Luoxiao River in Gaocheng, the window of Changting is pressed with microwave. Narcissus want to go to carp, one night Hibiscus red tears 1、 Look far and close, and point out the time and place of departure and the hazy and fantastic environment. 3、 The four sentences are divided into two parts: the writer and the giver. The phrase "Narcissus" is used to make things higher. According to the biography of the immortals, Qin Gao was born in the Zhao Dynasty during the Warring States period. He used to travel by red carp and return to the water for more than a month. Here, the poet compares the people who traveled far with the Narcissus who went by the carp Lingbo and turns them into virtual, magical and naive. "Red tears" sentence uses Xue Lingyun. According to the records of the collection of cultural relics, Xue Lingyun, a beauty of emperor Wei Wendi, left her parents and went on the road. She used a jade spit pot to carry her tears. The pot was red. When she arrived at the capital pot, the tears were like blood. Here, the poet alluded to the sender (heroine) as lotus in the water to show her rudeness and beauty. From the red lotus, she imagined that her tears should also be "red tears". In this way, a gorgeous Hibiscus depicts the scene of a beautiful woman crying.