消除家庭暴力：法国颁布多项举措

近日，仿妆博主“宇芽”曝光了一段监控视频，称自己过去半年多次遭前男友家暴，“仿佛活在噩梦里”。重庆市公安局江北区分局回应称已展开调查，市、区妇联将为当事人提供帮助和服务。

而就在今年的“国际消除家庭暴力日”（11月25日），法国总理爱德华·菲利普宣布数十项措施，以打击针对女性的家庭暴力

France unveiled Monday new measures to combat violence against women by their partners or ex-partners, seeking to toughen up the law as concerns mount over the number of women killed in the country.

法国于本周一（11月25日）公布了多项新措施，以打击伴侣或前伴侣对女性的家暴。法国国内女性被杀害案件数量不断引发担忧，法国政府试图加大这方面的法律打击力度。

Prime Minister Edouard Philippe made the announcements on the UN-backed International Day for Eliminating Violence against Women, two days after tens of thousands of people took to the streets across France in a show of solidarity.

法国总理爱德华·菲利普在联合国确立的“国际消除家庭暴力日”当天宣布了上述举措。两天前，数万人走上法国各地街头，以示消除家暴的坚定决心。

Growing anger over the failures in Europe and globally to make progress ending the horrendous annual toll has pressured governments to begin to take action, though activists warned that far more needs to be done.

欧洲和全球每年都有许多女性因家暴丧生，人数令人震惊，人们对政府在此方面未能取得进展日益愤怒，这迫使各国政府开始采取行动，但活动人士警告称，这还远远不够。

Expressing hope that the plan would prove an "electric shock", Philippe said the measures would seek to broaden the definition of violence, including how harassment can lead to suicide.

菲利普表示，希望该计划能证明是一次“电击”。他说，这些措施将寻求拓宽对暴力的定义，包括性骚扰如何导致自杀。

Since the start of 2019, at least 117 women have been killed by their partner or former partner in France, according to a case-by-case study by AFP based on media reports.

根据法新社基于媒体报道的个案研究，自2019年初以来，法国至少有117名女性被她们的伴侣或前伴侣杀害。

The figure shows no improving trend -- last year, 121 women died in what are increasingly termed femicides, to underscore the fact the victims were killed because they were female.

这个数字没有显示出任何改善的趋势——去年，有121名女性死于“女性被杀害”事件，这一词汇的使用越来越普及，用以强调受害者因为身为女性而被杀害。

An additional 213,000 women in France are victims of physical or sexual violence on the part of their partner or ex-partner, according to the latest official figures.

最新的官方数据显示，法国还有21.3万名女性遭受伴侣或前伴侣的身体或性暴力。

The announcements by Philippe focused on ending what he described as "absurdities" and "dysfunctional aspects" in the law to ensure that women would be better protected.

菲利普声明的重点在于结束他所称的法律的“荒谬”和“功能失调的方面”，以确保妇女得到更好的保护。

dysfunctional[dɪsˈfʌŋkʃənl]：机能失调的，功能障碍的

The notion of psychological "entrapment" would now be written into the law as this can also lead to violence, he told reporters in Paris.

他在巴黎告诉记者，心理“诱捕”的概念现在将写入法律，因为这也会导致暴力。

And in a measure that has been widely called for, Philippe said that the rules covering medical confidentiality would be changed to make it easier for doctors to signal to the authorities when a person is at risk of violence.

菲利普表示，将修改医疗保密规定，使医生更容易在一个人面临暴力威胁时向当局发出信号。之前人们广泛呼吁采取这一举措。

Philippe also pledged to seize firearms from abusive spouses and better train police as part of a package of measures, worth millions of euros, to reduce the number of women killed by their partners.

菲利普还承诺，将没收施暴者的枪支，并加强对警察的培训，作为一项耗资数百万欧元的一揽子措施的一部分，目的是减少被伴侣杀害的妇女人数。

Other measures include the creation of 1,000 new places in shelters for victims of domestic violence and expanding the use of electronic bracelets to prevent offenders approaching their victims.

其他措施还包括为家庭暴力受害女性在避难所增设1000个新床位，以及扩大使用电子脚链以防止罪犯接近受害者。

He said that the new measures would be inscribed in a bill to be presented to the French parliament in January, and that the plans would benefit from 360 million euros of annual funding.

他说，这些新措施将被写进一份法案，将于明年1月提交给法国议会，款项来自于3.6亿欧元（约合人民币27.8亿元）的年度基金。

Tens of thousands of people demonstrated in France on Saturday in actions organised by the feminist group #NousToutes (All of Us) to demand an end to violence against women.

上周六，法国数万人参加了由女权主义组织“我们所有人”组织的游行活动，要求结束针对女性的暴力。

But while welcoming the proposed tightening of laws, feminist advocates regretted the lack of more concrete help.

然而，尽管女权主义者对法案中严格的法律规定表示欢迎，但他们对缺乏更具体的帮助感到遗憾。

"The government has missed the target," said Caroline De Haas of #NousToutes.

“政府没有切中要害，”来自该组织的卡罗琳·德·哈斯说。

The head of the Foundation of Women, Anne-Cecile Mailfert, said the government was not offering more help to the associations which are increasingly being approached by victims of domestic violence.

妇女基金会主席安妮·塞西尔·梅尔弗特说，越来越多的家暴受害者向一些协会寻求帮助，但是政府并没有向这些协会提供更多支持。

Equality Minister Marlene Schiappa vowed in an interview with the Figaro newspaper that funds would be available for all the new measures, while emphasising that the "fight against marital violence is not just a question of money".

负责性别平等的部长马琳·斯基亚帕在接受《费加罗报》采访时承诺，将为所有新措施提供资金，同时强调“反对婚姻暴力不仅仅是钱的问题”。

Indicating the scale of the problem across Europe, the German government said Monday that 122 women were killed in femicide crimes in 2018, down from 147 the previous year.

德国政府本周一表示，2018年有122名女性被杀，较前一年的147人有所下降，这表明在整个欧洲这一问题很普遍。

But the number of women who reported being victims of violence in Germany increased to 114,393 last year from 113,965.

但在德国，自称遭到家暴的女性人数从去年的11万3965人增加到11万4393人。

And in a rare move, global police cooperation organisation Interpol launched an international appeal on Monday to find eight men suspected of murdering or committing violence against women.

全球警察合作组织国际刑警组织周一罕见地向全球发出呼吁，通缉八名涉嫌谋杀或对女性实施暴力的男子。

In 2017, some 87,000 women and girls were murdered worldwide, according to a 2018 report from the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).

根据联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室2018年的报告，2017年，全球约有8.7万名妇女和女孩被谋杀。