研究表明美国女性的饮酒量直追男性

Women are getting close to drinking the same amount of alcohol as men in the United States, according to a new study.

最新的一项研究表明，美国女性的饮酒量直追男性。

Writing in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, researchers from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), part of the National Institutes of Health, say women appear to be closing the gap on men.

研究人员在《酗酒：临床与实验研究》杂志中写到，国立酗酒与酒精中毒研究所的研究人员说，女性饮酒量与男性正趋于相同。

"We found that over that period of time, differences in measures such as current drinking, number of drinking days per month, reaching criteria for an alcohol use disorder, and driving under the influence of alcohol in the past year, all narrowed for females and males," said Aaron White, the NIAAA's senior scientific adviser. "Males still consume more alcohol, but the differences between men and women are diminishing."

国立酗酒与酒精中毒研究所高级科学顾问亚伦·怀特说，“我们发现，在过去一年中的饮酒量、每月饮酒天数、饮酒过量、酒后驾车等各种测量的数据，女性与男性的差异缩小了。男性消耗的酒精仍然多于女性，但是女性和男性之间的差异正在缩小。”

For the study, White looked at data from yearly national surveys conducted between 2002 and 2017.

为了这项研究，研究人员比较了2002年和2017年之间的全国年度调查数据。

He found that the percentage of people who had consumed alcohol in the past 30 days had increased for women from 44.9 percent to 48.3 percent.

他发现，在前30天内，女性当中的饮酒者比例从44.9上升到了48.3%。

Meanwhile, the figures for men declined from 57.4 percent to 56.1 percent. The number of "drinking days" for women was up from 6.8 per month to 7.3 per month. The number for men declined from 9.9 days to 9.5 days, according to the study.

同时，男性的数据从57.4%下降到了56.1%。研究表明，女性的每月饮酒天数从6.8天增加到了7.3天。而男性从9.9天下降到了9.5天。

NIAAA Director George F. Koob said the findings are concerning, adding that women are at greater risk than men of a variety of alcohol-related health effects, including liver inflammation, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity and cancer.

国立酗酒与酒精中毒研究所主任乔治·科布说，这一研究结果令人担心。他还说，女性面临的与酒精相关的各种健康风险超过男性，其中包括肝炎、心血管疾病、神经毒性和癌症。

The study showed a significant increase in binge drinking by 18- to 25-year-old women not in college, but a significant decrease among males. For those in college, there was no increase in binge drinking for men or women.

研究显示，发生在18-25岁且不读大学的女性中的酗酒量显著增加，而男性则显著减少。在读大学的男性和女性当中，酗酒量没有增加。

Researchers said they still can't identify the reasons women are narrowing the gap, but that "employment, pregnancy, or marital status" do not seem to be factors.

研究人员说，他们还不能确定为什么女性缩小了与男性的差距，但是“就业、怀孕和婚姻状况”似乎不是原因。