备战考试季：完美复习 8招搞定

Arguably the most difficult part of any exam process, you should get your revision plan in place now so the revision period runs smoothly, says William Stadlen.

复习计划可以说是应战任何考试最难的环节，你应该计划好自己的复习方案，这样备考阶段才会顺利有效，教育专家威廉·斯塔登讲道。

The revision period is, arguably, the most difficult part of any exam process. The exam itself – usually between one and three hours – can be portrayed as a performance of sorts: a chance to use all the knowledge you have built up over several years, crafted neatly into a well-rounded response to a question or series of questions. While pressure and nerves can undoubtedly make it an uncomfortable experience, the knowledge that it is the culmination of the entire process should provide some comfort.

复习阶段可以说是应战任何考试最艰巨的环节。考试本身——通常在1到3小时之间——可以被理解为一种表演：一个机会去运用多年积累的知识，为一个或者一系列的问题雕琢圆满的答案。压力和紧张无疑会让这成为一个不那么舒服的经历，但是想到考试其实是整个过程中一直期待的高潮这一事实，就多了些许安慰。

From your desk in the exam hall, a summer empty of academic or curricular concerns is only hours away. However, from your revision desk, in the midst of a chilly April and with weeks of revision stretching out in front of you, the end can seem very far off.

从你进入考场坐在桌前开始，惬意的暑假离你就只有几个小时不到了。一整个夏天，没有科研和课程的烦恼。然而，当你坐在桌前复习的时候，在凉爽的四月，前方漫延着好几个星期的复习任务，期待的结尾似乎又遥不可及。

While it will not make the time go any faster, nor unfortunately will it make the process any more “fun”, a well-structured revision plan can formalise your revision, and can act as a telescope through which you can spy those post-exam summer holidays.

虽然不能加快时间的脚步， 也不幸的不能让整个过程更“有趣”，但是，合理安排的复习计划的确可以让你的复习过程更有条理，与此同时可以像望远镜一样让你偷偷遥望下考试之后的欢乐暑期。

Below are my top tips for creating a well-structured and comprehensive revision plan which, if adhered to, will provide the best chance of success in the summer.

关于制定全面合理的复习方案，以下是我建议的几大准则。遵循它们，你就有了笑傲考试以欢度暑假的最大可能性。

Plan early

提前计划

It ought to go without saying that planning your revision timetable must be done before anything else, to ensure there is enough time for comprehensive coverage of all subjects.

毫无疑问复习计划必须排在任何其他事项之前，以保证你有足够的时间去全面复习所有的科目。

GCSE students, for example, usually study between eight and twelve subjects. If you plan to devote a week revising each subject, then that will require two or three months of revision. With most exams starting at the end of May, the revision plan should be in place by the end of March at least.

比如参加英国普通中等教育证书考试的学生，通常要学习8至12门课程。如果你计划花一整个星期专门复习一项课程，那就需要分配2到3个月的复习时间。大多数考试在五月底开始，大家的复习计划至少就要在三月底完工。

Initial and continual assessment

预先评估，复习过程中不断评估

As well as being an exercise in memory and assessment, revision should be a process of improvement. In order to chart your development effectively, we recommend that our students attempt practice papers in each subject, marked according to the relevant mark scheme and curriculum.

复习是对记忆力和评估能力的锻炼，更应该是一个不断提升的过程。为了有效地量化进展，我们推荐学生尝试为每门课程准备练习本，根据相关的考试要点和课程要求标记已经复习到的地方。

This allows you to establish a base from which, via further and regular assessment, you can judge your progress. It will also help you identify which subjects, modules and topics require more work (see below for more on this).

这样一来你就有了一个比较的基础，接下来去定期评估，你就会知道自己的进展。这样做也能帮你找出哪些科目，版块，或者课题需要你去花更多精力。（后文中会具体讲到这点）

Order your subjects strategically

有策略地安排复习科目

The best revision plans have an element of strategy to their creation. Ordering your subjects in an effective manner can help to do this.

最棒的复习方案在制定之时都是有策略的。有效地安排复习科目会助你一臂之力。

For example, scheduling English revision to appear early in your revision plan may provide useful when revising essay-based subjects such as History, Religious Studies and Politics later on.

比如，把英文科目复习安排在前面，这样做可能会对后期诸如历史，宗教学习和政治等以文本为基础的科目复习大有裨益。

Similarly, choosing Maths to be one of the first subjects that you revise may prove invaluable when studying numerical or statistical subjects such as Physics, Economics and Business Studies.

类似的，把数学排成首要复习课目，在后面复习诸如物理，经济学和商科类这些与数值和统计相关的科目时，你可能会更觉得心应手。

This practical layering of knowledge can reinforce and enhance your revision for each subject. Balancing this process with the demands of the exam timetable – for example, starting with a subject that appears early on in the exam timetable – makes for an extremely prudent approach.

这样在实践中从知识层面上打好基础，会让你后面每门科目的复习更加高效。当然，你要将这个安排复习科目的过程和考试日程平衡起来—比如，先开始复习最早考试的一门，是非常谨慎聪明的做法。

Each subject is different

每门科目的复习安排要有所不同


You should not feel as though you must devote an equal amount of time to each subject, since there may be a variety of reasons why certain subjects may require more revision. For example, Modern Foreign Languages tend to be highly content driven (therefore requiring a good deal of factual memory learning), whereas English Literature will tend to be more essay-based (therefore more concerned with form than specific content).

不要觉得你应该将复习时间平均分配给每门科目，因为诸多原因决定有些科目可能需要多花工夫。比如，现代外国语是以内容为主（因而需要记忆很多具体内容），然而英语文学主要以作品为主（因而更注重形式和风格而非具体内容）。

Depending on your learning style, you may find one easier than the other. More unusual exam types, such as controlled coursework and performance exams, require their own unique attention.

取决于你的学习方式，你也许会觉得一个科目比另外一个更容易。其他更多特殊的考试类型，比如有外加控制的课程和表现考试， 复习准备时就需要给予特别注意。

Not only this, but your time allocation may be dependent on your own aptitude in that subject (more on that below). Ultimately, when structuring your revision plan, you must make sure that sufficient “blank” time is left close to the exam to revisit those subjects, modules or topics that you feel require particular last-minute attention.

不仅如此，你的时间分配也取决于你在这门科目方面的资质（下文会讲更多）。最后，在安排复习计划时，你必须保证留有足够的“空白”时间，再去看看那些你觉得尤其还要最后再花时间的科目、版块或者课题。

Focus on strengths and weaknesses

集中在强项和弱项

A large part of planning how much time to spend on each subject will be based on how much attention you feel each subject requires.

计划每门科目花多少时间很大程度上取决于你自己感觉每门需要花多少功夫。

Obviously, it is usually recommended to spend the majority of your time on those subjects, modules or topics that you have found more difficult. However, it is vital that you also spend due time focusing on traditional areas of academic strength.

显然，通常建议在自己的弱项科目、版块或者课题上多花时间。然而，同样花既定时间在传统的科目强项上，也是很重要的噢。

Not only should you refresh those areas to make sure you are not caught out due to overconfidence in the exam, but there may be certain topics or elements within the general subject or module that you are less familiar with.

你不仅应该温习这些强项内容以确保自己不因为过度自信而失足，而且有可能这些广泛科目或者版块下有些特定的课题和知识点你还不太熟悉。

It is important, therefore, that every area of study is covered at least once, and that nothing is glossed over.

也就是说，你必须把所有学习范围的知识通通至少复习一遍，不能对任何内容草草了事，这点非常重要。

Strict yet flexible

严格而又灵活执行

Clearly, it is important both to create a revision plan and stick to it. Not only does this foster mental discipline, it also ensures that every topic area will be covered at least once in the run-up to each exam.

制定同时遵循复习方案显然都很重要。这不仅是一种心理上的自律，也保证了你在参加考试前每个课题都至少复习过一次。

Falling behind early could mean that a crucial area is missed out, resulting in valuable marks being dropped. However, while I encourage you to stick to your plan as much as possible, you must be able to exert a degree of flexibility.

复习早期就拉下进度可能意味着你错过了重要的内容，这会在考试时导致严重失分。然而，尽管我鼓励你尽可能地严格执行复习计划，你也必须能够做到一定程度的灵活安排。

If one subject, module or topic takes longer than expected, then you should not panic, as hopefully the time can be made up in the planned “blank” space.

如果一个科目、版块或者课题复习时间超出预计，不要慌，因为这些时间还可能被后面预留的“空白”时间弥补。

Furthermore, you must also make allowances for your life outside of revision. Playing sport, meeting friends and going to concerts are all important outlets you should use to blow off steam.

而且，你也必须在复习之余留些时间给生活的其他方面。做运动，会朋友，听音乐会，都可以成为你舒缓复习压力的情绪出口。

Total abstinence is not necessary – nor, indeed, is it practical – but you must make sure that you find a healthy balance, which is constantly reweighed in favour of revision as you get closer to the exams.

完全的节制是不必要的——也是不实际的——但你必须确保自己找到一个健康的平衡，在越来越接近考试的时候不断地权衡这点。

Colour coding

用彩色标记


A device more commonly associated with creating revision notes, colour coding is a useful memory aid that can allow you to unify all the elements of your revision.

彩色标记是记复习笔记时更常用的方式，它可以很有效地帮助记忆，让你将复习的方方面面统筹起来。

Whether coded per subject, per module or per topic, matching the colours in your plan to your revision notes can provide an important subconscious link that may help your memory recall in the exam.

无论你是按照学科、版块或者话题标记特定颜色，都请将复习笔记和计划中的颜色统一起来，这会在潜意识中帮助你的记忆在考试时再回忆起对应内容。

Turn it into a poster

把复习计划做成海报 


Having created your plan, we encourage that they are scaled up and then printed off, ideally to A3 or even A2 size. Having a physical version is useful for two reasons.

制定好了计划后，我们鼓励你调整好时间表的大小，然后打印出来，理想的是用A3甚至A2大小的纸张。有一个实实在在的打印版很有用，原因在于以下两点。

Firstly, the larger your plan, the more room you may have to make any additional notes to comment on each revision session – for instance, to note if you had time to explore additional topic areas, or if there was not enough time to finish certain topics.

首先，打印版面越大，你就有更多的空间可以额外添加笔记，给每个复习的小阶段写上评论——比如，记下你还有时间去看看额外的课题，或者没有足够时间去复习特定的课题了。

Secondly, a physical copy will provide the means for some well-needed catharsis, allowing you to tick off the days as the exams approach.

第二点，有了打印版，你可以在考试接近期间每天都勾划掉过去的日子，这也是一种非常需要的宣泄方式。

A balance of these eight elements will help you create a comprehensive and well-organised revision plan, regulated by frequent practice of both past papers and mock exams. The tough part of the process is making sure you stick to it.

平衡好以上8个要点，会帮助你制作一个完整合理的复习计划，并在过去的论文提交和模拟考试的练习中不断调节适合自己的方案。最难的部分，当然是确保你要真正执行自己制定的方案。