FBI披露乔布斯档案:乔布斯个人品格遭受质疑

1991 年，老布什考虑任命乔布斯为出口委员会的一员，因此命令FBI 作一次背景调查，美国联邦调查局（FBI）9日披露一份191页档案，涉及已故苹果公司创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯的背景调查。乔布斯在业界获称“创新天才”。而随着档案的公布，他的个人品格遭受质疑。

You've heard about things going on your permanent record? Steve Jobs had one, too.

了解自己的档案上有些什么内容吗？乔布斯(Steve Jobs)也有一份档案。

The Federal Bureau of Investigation on Thursday made public a background check on the Apple co-founder that took place in 1991. The agency assembled the investigation because Mr. Jobs was being considered for a presidential appointment by George H.W. Bush to the President's Export Council, which advises on international trade. Mr. Jobs was appointed to the position that year.

美国联邦调查局（Federal Bureau of Investigation，简称FBI）周四公开了一份针对苹果公司(Apple)这位联合创始人的背景调查报告。调查是在1991年进行的，FBI之所以调查乔布斯，是因为时任总统老布什(George H.W. Bush)可能会提名他进入总统出口委员会(President's Export Council)。这个委员会的职责是为总统提供国际贸易方面的咨询。乔布斯当年获得了这个任命。

The Wall Street Journal/FINS.com requested the file through the Freedom of Information Act.

《华尔街日报》和FINS.com通过《信息自由法》(Freedom of Information Act)申请获得了这份文件。

In the 191-page document, friends and associates describe him as profoundly talented, creative and hardworking. But his many faults are also acknowledged including the fact that he neglected his daughter for the first several years of his life and that his management techniques were considered by many to be abusive.

在191页的文件里，乔布斯的朋友和同事说他特别有天赋和创造力、工作努力，但他的很多缺点也是公认的，比如早年间曾忽略了自己的女儿。另外，很多人认为他在管理上态度恶劣。

Two individuals, who were acquainted with Mr. Jobs, said he was "strong willed, stubborn, hardworking and driven, which they believe is why he is so successful."

文件显示，两位与乔布斯认识的人说，他意志坚决、固执、工作努力、有动力，他们认为这些是他如此成功的原因所在。

Another source said she was reluctant to discuss Mr. Jobs, because she had "questions concerning his ethics and morality." The woman, who said that she and Jobs had "experimented" with drugs together in the past, also described him as "shallow and callous." His success as head of Apple, she said, had given him an "enormous amount of power" and "caused him to distort the truth at times to get his way." Despite this, she recommended him for the government position.

另一个消息源说，她不愿意谈论乔布斯，因为她对乔布斯的道德人品存在怀疑。这位女子说她以前曾跟乔布斯一起"体验"毒品，还说乔布斯浅薄无情。她说，乔布斯担任苹果负责人取得的成功给了他很大的权力，导致他有时扭曲事实为所欲为。虽然如此，她还是推荐乔布斯进入出口委员会。

A Palo Alto, Calif.-based man who identifies himself as a former "good friend" of Mr. Jobs said that while he was "basically an honest and trustworthy person, he is a very complex individual and his moral character is suspect." Mr. Jobs "alienated a large number of people at Apple, as a result of his ambition."

加州帕洛阿尔托一位自称是乔布斯昔日好友的男子说，乔布斯基本上是一个诚实可信的人，但他个性复杂，品性有问题。他说，乔布斯因为他的野心，疏远了苹果公司中的很多人。

The file also reveals that Jobs received top secret security clearance from the Department of Defense for work he was doing in connection with Pixar. The clearance was effective between November 1988 and July 1990. It's unclear why Jobs was given the clearance.

文件还显示，乔布斯因为与动画制作公司皮克斯(Pxiar)相关的工作，从国防部得到了查询绝密内容的许可。这一许可的有效期是1988年11月到1990年7月。不清楚乔布斯为什么得到了这一许可。

The question of whether Mr. Jobs, who had admitted to drug use in his youth, still used drugs while at Apple comes up frequently in the file. It appears nearly everyone interviewed believed he no longer used drugs.

乔布斯曾经承认年轻时使用过毒品。文件中反复提及了乔布斯任职苹果期间是否仍使用毒品的问题。从文件中看,几乎所有受访者似乎都认为他没有再使用毒品。

An interview subject from International Business Machines said that he never "witnessed any illegal drug usage or alcohol abuse by the appointee" and said Mr. Jobs "seemingly lives within his financial means and he never witnessed any examples of an extravagant lifestyle having been practiced by Jobs.

一位来自国际商业机器公司(International Business Machines，简称:IBM)的受访者说，他从未看到乔布斯有过任何非法使用毒品或酗酒行为。这位受访者还说，乔布斯的生活似乎从未超出财力所限，他也从未见到乔布斯挥霍无度的情形。

An unnamed female source said Mr. Jobs "drank only a little wine and did not use any kind of illegal drugs." However, "in the late 1960s and early 1970s, Mr. Jobs may have experimented with illegal drugs, having come from that generation," the report says.

一位未具名女性消息源说，乔布斯只喝一点红酒，不使用任何非法毒品。但调查报告说，上世纪60年代末和70年代初，乔布斯可能体验过非法毒品，毕竟他是那一代人。

Other aspects of the Steve Jobs narrative are referenced in the file, including his pilgrimage to India and his resulting interest in Eastern religion. One person whose name is redacted says that Mr. Jobs "had undergone a change in philosophy by participating in eastern and/or Indian mysticism and religion. This change apparently influenced the Appointee's personal life for the better."

文件还提到了乔布斯的其他方面一些事情，比如去印度朝圣并因此对东方宗教产生兴趣。一位名字被涂掉的人士说，乔布斯通过参加东方和/或印度秘教、宗教，在人生哲学上出现了变化，这种变化可能给他的个人生活带来了有利影响。

The person suggests that Mr. Jobs'apathy toward money and material possessions were manifest in the early 1990s when the investigation was conducted. Mr. Jobs lived a "spartanlike and at times even monastic existence," the person told investigators.

这位人士提到，乔布斯对金钱和物质财富不感兴趣的性格在90年代早期（也就是调查进行的时候）就已经很明显。这位人士对调查人员说，乔布斯生活非常简单，有时候甚至就像一个清修者。