一项英国研究称,如果学龄前小孩不愿吃蔬菜,只要他们尝尝味道,就给他们一些小奖励,或许可以帮助小孩吃下原本不想吃的食物。研究发现,每当3、4岁的小孩吃点不喜欢的蔬菜,家长就发贴纸给他们,可以慢慢改变小孩的态度。几周后,获得这种奖励的小孩,对蔬菜的评价变高,从1到2级(大概介于“恶心”与“还好”),上升到2到3级,相当于“还好”与“好吃”之间。研究显示,在实验室的味觉试验中,有贴纸奖励的小孩也更愿意吃更多蔬菜,不管是红萝卜、芹菜、小黄瓜、红辣椒、卷心菜还是碗豆。而口头赞美之所以无效,是因为小孩可能觉得爸妈说的话“不真诚”。
If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously shunned foods, a UK study said.
Though it might seem obvious that a reward could tempt young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Verbal praise, such as "Brilliant! You're a great vegetable taster," did not work as well.
"We would recommend that parents consider using small non-food rewards, given daily for tasting tiny pieces of the food -- smaller than half a little finger nail," Wardle said in an email.
The study found that when parents gave their three- and four-year-olds a sticker each time they took a "tiny taste" of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed the children's attitudes.
Over a couple of weeks, children rewarded this way were giving higher ratings to vegetables, with the foods moving up the scale from between 1 and 2 -- somewhere between "yucky" and "just okay" -- to between 2 and 3, or "just okay" and "yummy."
The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables -- either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas -- in laboratory taste tests, the study said.
Researchers randomly assigned 173 families to one of three groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their child each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable.
A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where parents used no special veggie-promoting tactics, served as a "control."
Parents in the reward groups offered their child a taste of the "target" vegetable every day for 12 days.
Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables -- and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience.
The turnaround also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once-shunned veggie three months later.
Why didn't the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents' words may have seemed "insincere" to their children.
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