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与现在完成的用法相同,只不过作为衡量基准点的时间点不同,现在完成时以现在作为衡量的基准点,而过去完成时则以过去某个时刻作为基准点。
(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前完成了的动作,即“过去的过去,常by, before引导的时间状语连用。
如:By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.
到爱迪生10岁时,他已给自己建了一个实验室。
He had measured me before I could get in a word.我还没说话,他已把衣服量完了。
We had scarcely reached the school before it began to rain.
我们刚到学校天就下雨了。
(2)表示由过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for和since引导的时间状语相连用。
She said she had worked in that hospital for 20 years.她说她已在那所医院工作20年了。
He said he had taught in the university since 1957.他说自从1957年他就在这所大学任教。
(3)叙述过去发生的事情后,反过来又追叙或补述更早以前发生的动作时,常用过去完成时。
I knew nothing about this matter, for I had been away for six month.
对于此事我一无所知,因为我已离开6个月了。
Some people ran into the street. They had heard a loud noise.
有些人跑上了街,他们听到很响的嘈杂声。
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