我们学习英文表达的时候一定要知道它的使用场景,场景、语气、说话人身份都会对这个表达产生影响,千万不可“死认一个理儿”。
My sister is expecting.
expect在这里是“怀孕”的意思,一定要用ing形式才行。If you say that a woman is expecting a baby, or that she is expecting, you mean that she is pregnant.
Jennt was with child when she left Guangzhou.
with child也表示“怀孕了”,注意child前面没有介词。She's with child by him. 的意思是“她因为他而怀孕了”。
It gives him great pleasure that his wife is in the family way.
这里的"in the family way"指的也是“怀孕”的意思,不过字典上已经标注了是一种old-fashioned的用法,了解一下即可。
knock up可以表示“to make a woman pregnant”,例如She was knoecked up. 就是“她怀孕了”。这种用法字典上标注了"offensive",使用的时候要注意场合。
拓展"in the family"和"knock up"的目的是想提醒大家查字典的时候要注意字典中的标记,也就是我们说的register(语域)。有些词是AmE (美式用法),有些是BrE(英式用法),有些是old-fashioned, obsolete, archaic, 也有 ethnic slur,taboo, offensive。除此之外还有一些会标注是专业术语,例如Law, Medical等。
I have a hard stool.
hard stool意为“便秘”,和constipation同义,其反义词是soft stool(拉肚子),和diarrhea同义。表示“拉肚子”的表达还有: the runs, Hong Kong dog.
除了知道“这个可以怎么表达”之外我们还要想一想“这个还可以怎么表达/描述”。
a) He's husbanded his much money.
b) He worked as a ship's crew, and also as a husband.
husband做动词可以表示“节约地使用”。
第二个句子中的husband若是理解为“丈夫”显然是不恰当的,在这里的意思是ship's hunband的意思,“船舶管理员”。这种用法已经过时了,把它提出来的原因是想提醒大家理解一段话一定要联系上下文。另外,有些作品年代久远,其中的用法会和现在的英语有些不同,我们对于一些词的特殊用法了解一下即可。
The boss kissed his woman secretary off.
kiss off不是“吻别”。在美国俚语中kiss off表示"to dismiss",“解雇”的意思。解雇有关的表达还有"fire" “give the sack" "give the ax" "give the pink slip"等。
The late Mr. Brown did not attend the international congress of linguists.
late在这里的意思是已故的;已逝的;尤指新近去世的;
You use late when you are talking about someone who is dead, especially someone who has died recently. 这是一个极其常见的表达,务必掌握。
Thet say Roy is a natural child. It was said that Jon was a love child of Marvin.
natural child和love child都是“私生子”的意思,难听点的说法是bastard(现在常用来表示“混蛋”的意思)。
Sleep late.
sleep late不是“睡的迟”,而是“睡到很晚才起床”,和get up late, sleep in意思一样。之所以会造成理解错误是因为对sleep这个词的理解有误。
“我今天晚上会早点睡”不是I'll sleep early tonight. 而是I'll go to bed early tonight. “昨天我很晚才睡”不是I slept late last night. 而是I went to bed late last night.
主要因为sleep并不是“去睡觉”的意思,除了“睡着”的意思外,它表示睡觉的状态。例如“睡得好”就是slept well, “睡得少”就是slept little。
fall asleep和go to sleep的区别在于fall asleep通常含有“不想睡着而睡着”的意思。表示“熟睡的”我们可以说fast asleep, sound asleep, 这里的fast和sound是"completely"的意思。
你可能也会见到My arm is asleep 或者 My foot is asleep这样的表达,这里的asleep是“麻痹”的意思。 If your arm or leg is asleep, it cannot feel anything because it has been in the same position for so long that the blood supply has been cut off.
I bought a new car last month, which turned out to be a lemon.
lemon在这里的意思是“无用的人或物(尤指毛病百出的新车)。
The answer is a lemon why Merry acted so.
The answer is a lemon在这里是一个习惯表达,意思是“a reply is unsatisfactory or non-existent.” 这句话的意思是说“无法理解Merry为什么要这么做”。
最后以一个带有lemon的鸡汤结尾。
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上一篇: 你可能会理解错误的一些简单英文(2)
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