Uses of Passive Voice
Use the passive voice to:
1.Call attention to receiver of the action rather than the performer: The professor was hit by three snowballs.
2.Point out the receiver of the action when performer is unknown or unimportant: He was shot on November 19, 1923. Color TVs are sold in that shop.
3.Avoid calling attention to the performer of the action : The workbooks will be collected on Monday.
Changing a sentence from the active voice to the passive voice involves 3 steps: 1. move the direct object to the subject of the sentence . 2. move the subject to the end of the sentence; add the preposition "by" before it . 3. change the verb. Changing the verb involves three steps: 1. check the verb tense; use the verb “be” in the same tense;
2. change the verb into a past participle; put this verb after the form of “be”; 3. check that the new verb goes with the new subject.
Examples: The Future Passive Voice a. He will plant more trees.
More trees will be planted by him.
b.
She will take care of the children.
The children will be taken care of by her.
Practice:
1. Beijing will hold the 29th Olympic Games in the year 2008.
→The 29th Olympic Games will be hold in Beijing in the year 2008. →When will the 29th Olympic Games be hold in Beijing ?
2. Millions of people will watch the final match on TV. →The final match will be watched on TV by millions of people. →Where will the final match be watched by millions of people? →How will the final match be watched by millions of people? This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He _______ trying to save a child in the earthquake.
A. killed
B. is killed
C. was killed
D. was killing 高考链接 C 解析：答案C。根据题意，此处需用被动形式表达被动意义，B项时态不对。 2. Visitors _______ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request
B. request
C. are requesting
D. are requested 高考链接 D 解析：答案D。题意为“要求参观者不要动展品”，需用被动结构。 3. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _________ very well.
A. worked out
B. tried out
C. went
D. carried on 高考链接 A 解析：答案A。题意为“我们没有那样策划我们的艺术展览，但结果却很好。”只有A项可表达出结果。B项为“试验，试用”，C项意为“进行，进展”，不表示结果，只表示进程，D项意为“继续，进行”，也表达不出结果。 4. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ________ to her mother.
A. close
B. closely
C. closed
D. closing 高考链接 A 解析：答案A。从题意看出，此处表示具体意义，指距离近，所以A项正确。 5. It is generally believed that teaching is _________ it is a science.
A. as art much as
B. much an art as
C. as an art much as
D. as much as art as 高考链接 D 解析：答案D。根据题意，此处需用as…as 结构，所以B项不对，A,C为语序错误，只有D项结构正确，全句意为“一般认为，教学如同科学一样是一门艺术。” 6. At this time tomorrow _______ over the Atlantic.
A. we’re going to fly
B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly
D. we’re to fly 高考链接 B 解析：答案B。根据时间状语确定，此处表示将来某一时刻在做的事，需用将来进行时态，C项不是最佳答案，A,D强调计划、打算，意义不当。 7. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s __________.
A. reach
B. hand
C. hold
D. place 高考链接 A 解析：答案A。本题考查固定短语out of sb’s reach，意为“某人够不到的地方。” 07《一轮课本复习课件 必修二 Unit 2 The Olympic Games》
一﹑单词拼写 请根据读音、词性和词义写出单词。 1. _________
['steidiəm]
n. 体育场 2.__________ ['æθli:t]
n. 运动员 3.____________ [ə'pri:ʃieit] vt. & vi.感激, 感谢 4.__________ ['pəustə] n. 海报, 招贴, 脚夫 5. ____________ [dʒim'næstiks]
n.& adj. 体操 6. _________
['nauədeiz] ad. 现今, 现在 n. 现今, 当今 7. _________
[fain] n. 罚款,罚金
adj. 美好的v. 罚款 8 __________ [prins] n. 王子, 亲王 9. _________
[prin'sess] n. 公主, 王妃 10. ___________
[dʒim'neiziəm] n. 体育馆 stadium athlete appreciate
poster
gymnastics nowadays fine
prince
princess gymnasium 11. __________
['glɒ:ri]
n. 光荣, 荣誉 12. __________
[swift]
adj. 快的,迅速的
adv. 快速地 13. __________
['həʊmlænd]
n. 祖国 14. __________
[ri'sepʃən]
n. 接待, 欢迎, 接受 15. __________
[di'zə:v]
vi. 应该得到
vt. 应受,值得 16. __________
['beisik]
n. 基本,要素
17. __________
['fu:liʃ]
adj. 愚蠢的 18. __________
['medl]
n. 奖章,勋章, 纪念章 19. __________
[ri(:)'pleis]
v. 取代 20. _______________
[kɒmpi'tiʃən]
n. 竞争, 对抗 competition glory
swift
homeland reception deserve basic
foolish medal
replace
二﹑单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. When do you think China will ___________ the World Cup? 2. Can you tell me some differences between the ________ and modern Olympic Games? 3. The persons who take part in the games are called ____________. 4. No ________, no gains. 5. The lady ___________ with the trader till he would sell her the skirt cheaply. host/hold
ancient
competitors pains
bargained 6. Tom failed to reach the required __________, so he did not qualify for the race. 7. She practiced __________(run) to take part in the basketball match. 8. Jill volunteered ____________ (organize) the petition. 9. We don’t allow __________ (smoke) in the office. 10. Do you think Hippomened deserved ___________ (win) the race? standard running to organize smoking to win 三﹑词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Most of the workers are making great progress but Jane seems a ___________ (hope) case. 2. Why not put some ________________ (advertise) in the local newspaper? 3. He is going to perform a ___________ (magical) at the party. 4. Your new shirt is _____________ (similarity) to mine. 5. When __________ (slave) was stopped in the British colonies, all the slave owners had to set their slaves free.
hopeless
advertisements
magic
similar
slavery
6. “Come” is an ___________ (regular) verb. 7. Mike is ________________ (responsibility) for designing the entire project. 8. Last ___________ (admit) to the park are at 5:00 p.m. 9. Hawing is one of the great ______________ (physical) in the world. 10. Lots of people suffered from earthquake which used to be _______________ (predict). irregular
responsible
admissions
physicists
unpredictable
四﹑词组互译 将下列词组或短语翻译成中文或英语。 1. 结婚 ____________________________ 2. 骑马
______________________________ 3. 为了……而竞赛______________________ 4. 也__________________________________ 5. 负责……，管理……____________________ 6. 答应某人做某事______________________ 7. 每隔一天____________________________ 8. 情绪高涨____________________________ 9．改变主意_____________________________ 10. 过去经常做某事_______________________ used to do sth.
get/be married
horse riding compete for as well
be in charge of promise sb. to do sth. every other day in high spirits change one’s mind 11. honestly speaking__________________________ 12. break a promise___________________________ 13. take the place of
__________________________ 14. stand for _________________________________ 15. as a matter of fact__________________________ 16. hear of
______________________________ 17. as well as _______________________________ 18. have an interview with sb.__________________ 19. one after another
__________________________ 20. play an important role/part in…___________________ 在……方面起重要作用 老实地说 违背诺言 代替 代表，象征，支持 事实上 听说 和，既，又 与某人会见 一个接一个地
五﹑词组运用 (1)根据句子所提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一个适当的词组并用其适当形式填空。 1. Electric lights ______________________ candles. 2. Our football team __________________ the honour of our school in the coming match. 3. My father is the chief engineer. That is to say, he __________________ the project. 4. Computer __________________________________ our daily life. is playing an important part/role in have taken the place of will compete for is in charge of (2)根据汉语意识，从上述短语中选出一个恰当的词组完成句子。 5．玛丽和彼特结婚已有十年多了。 Mary and Peter __________________
for more than 10 years. 6．爸爸答应了我不再吸烟，但最后他还是没有做到。 My father _____________________ smoke, but finally he _________________. (3)从上述短语中选出恰当的词组翻译下列句子。 7. W.T.O. 代表什么呢？ ______________________________________________ have been married had promised me not to
broke the promise
What does “W.T.O.” stand for? 8. 你听说过那个儿子在战争中去世的老妇人吗？ ______________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 9. 格林先生和他的两个孩子都已经去伦敦了。 ______________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 10. 以前在我家乡有很多树，但现在大部分已经被砍掉了。 _____________________________________________________________________________________ There used to be lots of trees in my hometown but
nowadays most of them have been cut down. Have you heard of the old lady whose son died in
the war? Mr. Green as well as his two children has been to
London. Language points for Reading I Language points for Reading II Pausanias, who was a Greek writer 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey to find out about the present day Olympic Games. (P9)
Pausanias是2000前的一位希腊作家，他做了一次魔幻的旅行，来打听当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。
go/start/ come/ be on a journey 进行旅行
My father is away on a journey.
find out about
弄清有关……的情况
The police are trying hard to find out about the accident. 2. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games more than 2,000 years ago. (P9)
我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过２０００年前奥林匹克运动会的情况。
what 引起宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。what相当于the place that，因此what不能改为that，也不能改为where，因为where 只能作状语。
After many days’ voyage, they arrived in what is called America now.
After a long journey, they came to what was called “Gebi Desert”. I’m still not used to getting up early. The man got
used to living in the countryside. Wood can be used to make paper.
used to do
be/get/ become
used to doing
be used to do 表示过去经常做某事/ 表示过去的状态
=“习惯于”
=“被用于做……”,是被动语态 3. Every four years athletes from all over the world are admitted as competitors.
admit vi. & vt. 许可(人或物)进入;让……进入
Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year. (2) 容纳
The theatre admits only 200 persons. (3) 承认；供认
I admit my mistake.
He admitted having done wrong. 4. No other country could join in, nor could slaves or women.
其他国家都不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不行。
nor 用作连词，引起倒装句，意为“也不”。
He never went again, nor did he write to apologize.
I don’t know, nor do I care.
I have never been dishonest, nor do I mean to start being so now. 5. Women are not only allowed to join in but play a very important role, especially in… allow vt. 允许 allow + n./pron. 允许…… allow + n. + to do 允许……干…… allow + doing 允许干…… allow + n. / prep. phr. / adv. 允许……
The law doesn’t allow such an action. My parents won’t allow me to stay out late. The police don’t allow parking in the street. The servant wouldn’t allow him into the house. The doctor allows her up for two hours each day. 6. Where will all the competitors be staying?
will be staying 是将来进行时态，表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，也可表示预料将要发生的动作。
What will you be doing this time tomorrow afternoon?
I won’t be free this morning. I’ll be seeing a friend off.
I’ll be telling you about it when we meet again.
1. marry
结婚,嫁,娶
A marry B Mary married a rich Frenchman last year. marry A to B
把A 嫁给B He married both his daughters to rich
businessmen. adj.
married A get/ be married (to B)
She has been married for two years.
n. marriage amazed= surprised
be amazed at sth
be amazed to do sth
be amazed that… I was amazed at zhang Zhan’s death. I was amazed to hear about his death. I was amazed that he had passed away.
amazing = surprising 令人惊奇的
3. promise
promise sth He promised a gift for my birthday.
promise sb sth He promised me a gift for my birthday.
promise (sb) to do sth He promised to buy me a mp3.
promise sb that… He promised that he would buy me a mp3.
http://www.olympic.org http://www.specialolympics.org http://www.beijing-2008.org http://www.athens.olmpics.org Hot links to Websites Related to
the Olympics on the Internet: Useful structure
Active and Passive Voice
Voice The voice of a verb tells whether the subject of the sentence performs or receives the action. In English there are two voices, passive and active.
Active Voice In active voice, the subject performs the action expressed by the verb:
The student wrote a song.
Passive Voice In passive voice, the subject receives the action expressed by the verb:
A song was written by the student. Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs
Tense
Subject
Auxiliary
Past
Participle
Singular
Plural
Present
The car/cars
is
are
designed.
Present perfect
The car/cars
has been
have been
designed.
Past
The car/cars
was
were
designed.
Past perfect
The car/cars
had been
had been
designed.
Future
The car/cars
will be
will be
designed.
Future perfect
The car/cars
will have been
will have been
designed.
Present progressive
The car/cars
is being
are being
designed.
Past progressive
The car/cars
was being
were being
designed.