(3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him.
(4) This is the best film.
I have ever seen this film. He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1、关系副词when, where, why 的含义相当于 “介词+ which” 结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如： a) 我仍然记得 我参军的 那一天。
①I still remember the day. ②On that day I joined the army. I still remember the day when I joined the army.
或 I still remember the day on which I joined the army.
b) 这就是 我们去年住的 房屋。 ①This is the house. ②We lived in it last year. This is the house where we lived last year.
或 This is the house in which we lived last year.
或
This is the house which we lived in last year.
c) 你知道 他迟到的 原因吗？ ①Do you know the reason? ②He was late for that reason. Do you know the reason why he was late?
或 Do you know the reason for which he was late?
2、当先行词是指时间、地点或原因时，并非就用when, where, why 来引导定语从句。 例如：
这是我们去年参观的地方。
······①
这是我们去年工作的地方。
······② a) vt. vi. ①This is the place which / that
we visited last year. ②This is the place where
we worked last year.
我仍然记得我入团的那一天。
我仍然记得我们一起度过的那一天。 b) ①I still remember the day when I joined the League. ②I still remember the day that / which we spent together.
三、判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：
用关系代词，还是关系副词完全
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的 成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例1. Is this the museum _____ you visited a few days ago? 例2. Is this museum _____ you visited a few days ago? A. where B. that C. on which
D. the one B D 1. 限定性定语从句是对先行词起限定作用的。去掉这个从句则整句话不完整或不成立。
Eg: He who doesn’t go to the Great Wall is not a true man.
-----He is not a true man.不完整
四、限定性、非限定性定语从句
The mooncake that has egg in it is the mooncake which I like best.
----- The mooncake is the mooncake.不成立 大多数定语从句是限定性定语从句。 2. 非限定性定语从句是对先行词起解释、说明作用的。去掉这个从句整句话仍成立。常被逗号隔开。
Eg: I have a dog, which can do many things for me.
3. 定语从句的练习
Put the two sentences into one: 1. Our friends missed the train again.
They are always late for everything. 2. My aunt was waiting for me on the steps.
She had two heavy bags.
3. The dog is easily frightened.
It was beaten when it was small. 4. I was invited to join by my neighbor.
He has been a League member for three years.
Keys : 1. Our friends, who are always late for everything, missed the train again. 2. My aunt, who had two heavy bags, was waiting for me on the steps. 3. The dog, which was beaten when it was small, is easily frightened. 4. I was invites to join by my neighbor, who has been a League member for three years. The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where 高考链接 解析：本题考查定语从句。解本题得关键是要先找准先行词“the hours”,然后理解关系副词“when”本身在其引导的定语从句中充当时间状语。答案C. 2. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _______ had’t been cleaned for at least a year. A. these
B. those
C. that
D. which
高考链接 解析：这是一个定语从句。定语从句的先行词为windows。 有的考生误认为前文提到windows,应用those 代替而选B。但those不可用做关系代词引导定语从句。由于横线处前有介词of不能选that。答案 D 3.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase， ____
was very reasonable.
A. which price
B. the price of which
C.its price
D. the price of whose 高考链接 解析：此题四个代选项中都有price这一词语，要表示Chinese vase 的价格，所以关系代词语先行词分隔。“its price” 不表示所有格；由于whose本身就可作定语，不需再用of属格。故A、C、D三项均应排除。答案B. 4. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where
B. which
C. while
D. why 高考链接 解析：先行词situation作“处境”讲，引导定语从句是使用关系代词还是使用关系副词，决定于关系词在从句中所担任的成分。此题的关系词在从句中担任状语，故选用A项。C、D两项的while,why不具有引导定语从句的句法功能。答案为A. 4) remain After the fire, very little remained of my house.
Much work remained to be done.
I’ll remain to see the end of the game.
He remained silent after class. The door remained closed.
vi. be left or present after other parts have been removed or used or dealt with. vi. be left to be seen, done, etc. vi. stay behind, stay in the same place. linking verb. continue to be 5)the rest of
……的其余部分 a. The rest of the book _________ not very interesting. b. The rest of the group ________ in the classroom. is are 2. Imagine that you work for the state office of cultural relics. (P1,L4)设想一下，你为国家文物局工作。 1)
Can you imagine life without electricity?
I could hardly imagine living in that kind of place. 2) I can’t imagine her marrying him. 3) Can you imagine how worried I was then?
I imagine that I have met you somewhere before.
imagine + n./ doing/ sb doing sth/ that- clause 3. It is your job to look into any reports of cultural relics that have been found in China. (P1, L4)你的工作是调查研究所有关于在中国发现的文物的报告。
look into 调查、了解、研究
1) The police are looking into all the records of the man.
2) He looks into her face with great interest.
3) I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little patience. 4. The man who has it insists that it belongs to his family. (P1,L6)
1) insist + n/ that …(should) do /that…
insist on doing sth.
a. He insisted that the money _______________________ to him at once. (return)
b. He insisted that he ___________ the money. (not steal)
c.
I insisted on his __________ there right away. (go) (should) be returned hadn’t stolen going 2)belong to 属于
（P3） 不可以用于被动语态，或进行时 Correct the mistake The house was belonged to an old lady. China is a country that is belonging to the Third World. As a writer, he really belongs the 18th century. This map is belonging on the table. 5. If you find a cultural relic, what will you do with it? (P1, pre-reading)
★ do with 1)I didn’t know what to do with the old tree.
2)The new teacher didn’t know what to do with the class. 3)What have you done with the papers for the meeting? 4)We have nothing else to eat, you have to do with some bread. 5)I cannot do with loud noise.
处理，处置 对待（某人） 放置 以……将就（一下） 忍受(与cannot连用) ★ do with & deal with What to do with the problem? How to deal with the problem?
6. Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such a strange history. (P1, L1)
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世从来也不会想到他赠送给俄国人民的礼物会有如此离奇的历史。
could not/never have done 对过去所发生事情的否定推测 7. Although it feels as hard as stone, it easily melts when heated. (P1, L4) 尽管它摸上去像石头一样坚硬，然而加热时它却很容易融化。
when heated 是when it is heated 的省略形式。状语从句中，若其主语和主句的主语一致，同时谓语动词含有系动词be, 或it is/was结构，可省去该从句的主语和系动词be，留下其余部分。
Turn to him for help if necessary.
When __________ why he was late, he went red. (ask)
Be careful when __________ the street. (cross)
asked crossing 8. Once it is heated, the amber room can be made into any shape. (P1, L4) 一旦加热，可以把琥珀制作成任何形状。
once 为从属连词，意为“一旦”
Once you begin to do it, you must do it well.
Once you see it, you’ll like it.
be made into 被制成
由……制成（能看出原材料）
由……制成（看不出原材料）
由……组成/构成
产于，生产于（某地/某时） be made of be made from be made up of be made in The wood here will _____________ table. The bottle ___________ glass. The kind of wine ________________ grapes. This class _____________ 60 students. The ______________ china.
be made into is made of is made from
is made up of are made in 9. The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days. (P1, L5) 琥珀屋的设计具有当时那个年代最流行的奇特风格。
fancy
adj. 奇特的，花样的
I don’t feel like making a fancy meal.
vt. 想象,推测,假想 1) Don’t fancy that you can succeed without hard work. 2) I can’t fancy his doing such a thing. 3) I fancied him to be dead. 4) He fancies himself as a good writer. 5) Do you fancy a glass of coffee? 6) I don’t fancy walking in the rain. fancy + that-/one’s doing sth/sb to be…/sb as/sth/doing sth of the fancy style “of +抽象名词”表示人或事物所具有的特征，特性，可在句中做表语或后置定语。 They are of different sizes, but they are the same in weight. I don’t find anything of interest in today’s newspaper Your advise is of great help to learners of English. They are of great help to learners of English. of great importance= of interest= of use= of value= of help=
important interesting useful valuable helpful of high quality
of different colours
of the same size of this kind 高质量的 颜色不同的 一样大小的 属于这一类的 10. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. (Para2, L9) 琥珀屋约四米长，做了接待贵宾的小接待厅。
serve as 担任，充当
He served two terms as President.
He served as a waiter there.
When you sleep in the open, old newspapers can serve as a blanket. 11. She told her artists to add more details to its design. (Para3, L3) 她告诉他的艺术家们将设计方案再增加更多的细节。
add…to…把……加进……里去
He added that he was very pleased with our work.
Please add some sugar to the milk.
Add the score up.
His being absent added to our difficulty.
The money he spent one day added up to about $100. 12. This was a time when the two countries were at war. （Para4, L2）这是两国交战时期。
at war 处于战争状态，介词at可表示状态或动作。
at peace
at breakfast
at rest
at table
at work
at school
at the piano
at one’s best 13. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. (Para4, L6) 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时它是波罗的海边的一个德国城市。
There is no doubt
= It’s clear
= It’s beyond argument .
Grammar The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 一、关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person
who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. apple the red the green the small the big The apple
which is red
is mine. The apple
which is green
is yours. The apple
which is red
is small The apple
which is green
is big.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat.
The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which
is eating her flowers. Can you lend me the book?
You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which)
you
talked about last night. Can you lend me the book about which
you talked last night?
Do you find the pen?
I wrote with it just now. Do you find the pen with which I wrote
just now? Do you find the pen (which) I wrote
with just now?
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted
last year. This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books?
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about. He is the man (that) I told you about. 注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。 4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine that can fly. Is this the library from which you borrow books?
from that
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him. (1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 (2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。 (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 (1) The scientist is very famous in the world.
We met her yesterday. The scientist Ø
we met yesterday is very famous
who
in the world.
whom
that (2) The dress is new.
She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
06《一轮课本复习课件 必修二 Unit 1 Cultural relics》
1.__________ [5vAljuEbl] adj. 有价值的
2.__________ [sE5vaiv] vi. 幸免 3.__________ [5dinEsti]n.. 朝代
4.__________ [E5meiz] vt. 惊讶 5.__________ [si5lekt] vt. 挑选
6.__________ [5hQni] n. 蜂蜜 7.__________ [di5zain] n. 设计
8.__________ [5fAnsi] adj. 奇特的 一、单词拼写
根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 valuable
survive
dynasty
amaze
select honey design fancy 9.__________ [stail] n. 风格
10.__________ [5dekEreit] v. 装饰 11.__________ [5dVu:El] n. 珠宝
12.__________ [bi5lCN] vi. 属于 13.__________ [ri5sepFEn] n. 接待
14.__________ [ri5mu:v] vt. 移动 15.__________ [daut] n. 怀疑，
16.__________ [wE:W] adj. 值得的 17.__________ [5evidEns] n. 证据
18.__________ [iks5plEud] vi 爆炸 19.__________ [siNk] vi. 下沉
20.__________ [di5beit] n. 争论 style decorate jewel belong reception remove doubt worth evidence explode sink
debate 二、单词运用
根据汉语提示或已给出的首字母，填入一个适当的单词。 1. Do you know how many d__________ there are in China’s history? 2. This book will be of great v__________ to him in his study. 3. A lot of small companies have to fight for s__________. 4. The glove were __________ (设计) for extremely cold climates. dynasties value survival designed 5. __________ (接收) of TV programs is unsatisfactory here. 6. There is no d__________ that we will be successful. 7. We haven’t told our friends about our r__________ to London. 8. The horse was frightened by the sound of the e_____________. Reception doubt removal
explosion 三、词语派生
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I won’t waste any more of your __________ (value) time. 2. It’s normal to experience __________ (culture) shock when you go abroad for the first time. 3. He is the only __________ (survive) of the accident. 4. That shop has a fine __________ (select) of cakes. 5. Our __________ (wood) sofa seems not very comfortable. valuable
cultural
survivor
selection
wooden
6. It was __________ (amaze) that he knew nothing about the event. 7. Two leaders __________ (secret) flew to that country to solve the problem. 8. It is __________ (doubt) whether he can carry on his tasks as president for the next five years. 9. The __________ (sail) are asked to take their positions by their captain. 10. Yesterday they were invited to a __________ (form) party. amazing
secretly
doubtful
sailors
formal
四、词组互译
将下列词组或短语译成中文或英文。 1. in search of ___________
2. belong to _____________ 3. at war _______________ 4. in return _____________ 5. less than ______________ 6. take part in____________ 7. think highly of _______________ 8. pay much attention to __________ 9. rather than ______________ 10. there is no doubt that_________
搜查 属于 处于交战状态 回报 少于 参加 看重，器重 非常注意 而不是 毫无疑问 11. _______________ 文化遗产
12. _______________ 调查
13. __________________________ 毫无疑问
14. _______________ 被制成
15. _______________ 充当；作……之用
16. _______________给……添加……
17. _______________ 依某人看来
18. ____________________ 在某一点上达成协议 19. ________________ 认为…是…；把……看作……
20. _______________ 处于和平状态 cultural relics look into There is/was no doubt that… be made into serve
as add... to… in one’s opinion make an agreement consider…as (to be)… at peace 五、词组运用
词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。 1.After a further discussion, both sides ____________ the date for the next meeting. 2.He __________________ have stolen the money. 3.The police ________________ all the records of the man. 4. They hope their country will be at peace; they don’t want to be _______ with any other country in the world. 5. You and I ____________ different classes. 6. He went out ____________ some food.
agreed on
is considered to are looking into at war belong to in search of 句子翻译
择恰当的短语翻译下列句子。 7．老板不看重他。 He was not _______________________________ 8．不到十分种的时间他就完成了作业。 He finished his homework ___________________ 9．毫无疑问他会来帮你的。 __________________________________________ 10．我送给他一份礼物以回报他对我的帮助。 I sent him a present ________________________ highly thought of by his boss.
in less than ten minutes.
There is no doubt that he will come to help you. in return for his help 1. look into 调查(= investigate / examine) ◇The policemen have looked into the murder case. 警察已经介入调查这件谋杀案了。 ■运用：用look into翻译下列句子。 (1) 他们成立了一个委员会来调查这一事件。
They set up a committee ___________________. (2) 机器出了问题，我们正在检查。 Something is wrong with the machine; ___________________ to look into the matter
we are looking into it. 2. belong to 属于
这辆新车是属于我的。____________________ The new car belongs to me
※用法：只用于主动语态，不能用于被动语态； 只用于一般时态，不用于进行时态。 ◇The bike belongs to Helen.
这辆自行车是海伦的。 ◇China is a developing country, belonging to the Third World.
中国是个发展中国家，属于第三世界。 ※注意：千万不要受汉语“属于某人的”而在belong to后误接表示“某人的”的物主代词或者名词的所有各格；而要接宾格或者直接接名词。 ■运用：翻译下列句子。 3. think highly of(=have a good/high opinion of)看重，对……评价很高 ◇The IOC thought highly of Beijing’s preparations for the 2008 Olympics.国际奥组委高度评价了北京2008年奥运会的准备工作。 联想：think much of 重视 think little of 不重视 think well of 对……看法好 think badly of对……印象不好 think poorly of 低估 think ill of 对……印象很坏，轻视 think nothing of 不顾，不在乎 运用：完成下列句子。 (1)我们对我们的老师评价很高。
________________________________ (2)他们对你的工作能力评价很高。 ________________________________ We think highly of our teacher.
They think highly of your work abilities.
4. take apart拆卸，拆开 ◇The boy took apart the toy car, but couldn't put it together again.男孩把玩具汽车拆开了, 可怎么也安不上了。 运用：翻译下列句子。 (1)你怎么敢拆开我的信？ How dare you______________________________? (2)机器已被拆开。 The machine has already_______________. take apart my letter been taken apart 5. in search of 寻找(trying to find)(短语介词) ◇I looked everywhere in search of my glasses.我到处寻找我的眼镜。 ★比较: search for寻找(某人或某物)(短语动词) search+某人或某地+for…为找到某物或某人而搜查某地或搜某人的身 ■运用：用search短语翻译下列句子。 (1) 父母到处找孩子，但没有找到。 _________________________________________________, but they didn’t find him. (2) 他出去找些吃的东西。 _________________________________________ (3) 这对夫妇为了他们丢失的小孩找遍了整条街。 _________________________________________ The parents searched for their child here and there He went out in search of something to eat. The couple searched the whole street for their lost child. 6. in turn (= by turns, one after another) 轮流，一个接一个地 ◇They spoke at the meeting in turn. 他们在会上轮流发言。 ■运用：用含turn的短语翻译下列句子。 (1)他们轮流照顾这个小孩。 __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
(2)他们轮流唱歌。__________________________ They took care of the child in turn / by turns.
/ They took turns to take care of the child.
/ They took their turn to take care of the child.
They sang by turns. 7. agree with 同意；与……一致；(气候、食物等)适合 ■运用：用agree with翻译下列句子。 (1)我们没有一个人同意你讲的话。 __________________________________________ (2)他言行不一致。 His words _________________________________ (3)这儿的气候对我很合适。 The climate here ____________________________ ▲辨析 (1)agree with常接人或表示“观点，意见，看法”的词，表示与某人的观点一致(= have the same opinion as)。 None of us agree with what you said.
do not agree with his actions.
agrees very well with me.
(2)agree to常接do sth.或表示“提议，办法，计划，安排”等的名词或代词，表示愿意“接受”某事或“允许”某事(=be willing to accept or allow sth.)，可能实际并不赞同。 (3)agree on表示经协商“在……方面取得一致意见”，主语必须指协调的双方或多方。 ●用适当的介词填空。 (1)I don’t agree __________ what you said. (2) Can you agree _______ a date for the meeting? (3) Does he agree ________ our suggestion/plan? (4) They agreed _________ a price for the car. (5)We may agree _________something that we don’t agree with.
with
on
to
on
to
8. rather than… 与其……(不如)，不是……(而是)，而不(but not) ◇It was what he meant rather than what he said.与其说这是他的话，不如说这是他的意思。 ◇She telephoned rather than wrote.她打了电话，而没有写信。 ◇He loves her rather than likes her.他不是喜欢她，而是爱她。 ■运用：完成下列句子。 (1)我与其说是疲惫不如说是厌倦。 I am bored _______________________.
(2)该受责备的是我，而不是他。 I, ___________________, am to blame.
(3)他跑着，而不是走着。He ran ____________________. (4)我宁愿吃牛肉也不愿吃羊肉。 I prefer beef________________________.
rather than tired
rather than he
rather than walked
rather than mutton
1. Frederick WilliamⅠ, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such a strange history. 普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人的最伟大的礼物会有这样一段离奇的历史。 2. Although Amber feels as hard as stone, it easily melts when heated.虽然琥珀摸起来像石头一样硬，可是加热后却很容易熔化。
3. Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to the palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. 后来叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣·彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。 4. Sadly, although the Amber Room was one of the great wonders of the world, it is now missing.可悲的是，虽然琥珀屋是世界上一件伟大而令人赞叹的奇品，可是现在却找不到了。 5. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg. 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运住哥尼斯保。 Language points for Reading I A cultural relic is something that has survived for a long time, often a part of something old that has remained when the rest of it has been destroyed. (P3, L1)文化遗迹是一些存留很长时间的东西，常常是其他部分已被毁掉而其中一部分得以保存的古老的东西。
1) survive
E.g: Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.
Few buildings survived the earthquake.
The man survived his sister by three years. vi. 继续生存或存在
vt. 经历某遭遇后幸存 vt. 比……长寿，比……活得长 survive: vi. continue to live or exist.
vt. Continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed by sth.
vt. Remain alive after sb., live or exist longer than
He’s survived by his wife and two babies.
He is the last surviving member of the family.
Few birds managed to survive the winter last year.
2) a part of & part of
A part of the books have arrived. A leg is a part of the body. He gave me back only part of the money I lent him. Part of the house was burnt in the fire. Part of the passengers were injured in the accident. *Part of it _________ good. *Part of them _____________ good. are is are 3) something
通常用于肯定句，而在疑问句、否定句、if/weather从句中用anything。 I want something to eat. I din’t have anything today. Is there anything wrong with this stove? *Would you like something to eat? 但当说话者心中的肯定意识较强时，或实际上表示请求建议时，一般不用anything而用something.