能力演练
一、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Johnny Carson began his career in television
1
his twenties.He worked at local stations in Nebraska.Several years later,he moved to Los Angeles,California.He was the host on several comedy shows during the nineteen fifties.But it was 揟he Tonight Show? 2
made Johnny Carson famous for thirty years.He became
3
most popular star of American television.He was called 搕he king of late night.?Critics said Americans from all parts of the countrmedyy
4
(like)him and felt they knew him.Carson seemed to be more like the people
5
watched his show than the
actors,singers and other famous people who appeared on it.
He did not take his fame
6
(serious).For example,when
7
(ask)how he became a “star”,he answered,“I started in a gaseous state and I cooled.” Carson,s special skill was his
8
of humor.He was the most
9
(power)performer on television.Many comedians and singers became successful after
10
(appear)on “The Tonight Show”.
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
After the birth of my second child,I got a job at a restaurant.Having worked with an experienced
1
for a few days,I was allowed to wait tables on my own.All went
2
that first week.When Saturday night came,I was luckily
3
the tables not far from the kitchen.
4
,I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays（托盘）.
Before I knew it,the
5
was full of people.I moved slowly,minding every step.I remember how
6
I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables;it looked different from the one I was
7
on.It had nice handles（手柄）,which made it
8
to move around.I was pleased with everything and began to
9
I was a natural at this job.
Then,an old man came to me and said,“Excuse me,dear,my wife and I loved
10
you work.It seems your tray stand has been very
11
to you,but we are getting ready to
12
now,and my wife needs her walker back.”
At first his
13
did not get across.
“What was he talking about!”Then,I got it.I had set my trays on his wife,s orthopedic walker （助步器）.I stood frozen as ice,but my face was on fire.I wanted to get into a hole and
14
.
Since then,I have learned from many mistakes such as the one I just
15
.I have learned to be more careful and not to be too sure of myself.
1.A.manager
B.assistant
C.cook
D.waitress
2.A.well
B.quickly
C.safely
D.wrong
3.A.left
B.given
C.brought
D.shown
4.A.Therefore
B.However
C.Otherwise
D.Finally
5.A.kitchen
B.street
C.restaurant
D.table
6.A.angry
B.calm
C.sad
D.happy
7.A.fixed
B.trained
C.loaded
D.waited
8.A.slower
B.lighter
C.quieter
D.easier
9.A.believe
B.agree
C.regret
D.pretend
10.A.letting
B.making
C.watching
D.having
11.A.useful
B.familiar
C.unusual
D.interesting
12.A.rest
B.order
C.eat
D.leave
13.A.idea
B.praise
C.message
D.need
14.A.lie
B.hide
C.defend
D.stay
15.A.repeated
B.discovered
C.corrected
D.described
三、阅读理解
专题训练（五）
细节理解（5）数字计算题
◆技巧点拨
如果问的内容是由数字表示的事实或细节，比如时间、价格、次数、人数、增长或减少的幅度、比例等，往往要经过计算后才能得出答案。所以，不要轻易用文中直接出现的数字作答，因为直接出现的某一数字往往只是依据之一，要把所有数字都找出来，确定每个数字之间的关系，经过思考换算，最后作出选择。
◆活学活用
阅读下列短文,按要求完成读写任务，说出第2题的解题思路。
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare,s time is estimated(估计)to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language,mainly in the United States,Canada,Great Britain,Ireland,South Africa,Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas,there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact,it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate(足够的)working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language.Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers,English is a language in which some of important works in science,technology,and other fields are being produced,and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications,international conferences,and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries,especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government,commerce,industry,law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根据所读短文,选择最佳选项。
1.What would be the best title for this passage?
A.The Difficulties of Learning English
B.International Communications
C.The Standard Varieties of English
D.English as a World Language
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B.There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C.It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D.People learn English for a variety of reasons.
3.According to the passage,what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?
A.It was popular during Shakespeare,s time.
B.It is used in former British colonies.
C.It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D.It is a world language that is used for international communication.
4.What forms an adequate working knowledge of English？
A.The ability to read a newspaper.
B.It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
C.Being a multilingual.
D.Being a native speaker.
5.What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?
A.Those geographically close to the United States.
B.Those interested in the culture of the United States.
C.Former colonies of Great Britain.
D.Countries where international conferences are held.
参考答案
一、
1.解析：in one,s twenties意思是“在某人二十几岁的时候”。
答案：in
2.解析：It is...that...是一个强调句型。
答案：that
3.解析：the most popular 的意思是“最受欢迎的”，最高级前必须有定冠词。
答案：the
4.liked
5.解析：who/that 引导定语从句。
答案：who/that
6.解析：take...seriously是固定词组，意思是“认真对待”。
答案：seriously
7.解析：when asked=when he was asked。在时间状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同，谓语含有动词be，可将从句的主语与动词be省去。
答案：asked
8.解析：sense of humor 的意思是“幽默感”。
答案：sense
9.powerful
10.解析：after是介词，其后应接名词或动名词，所以用 appearing。
答案：appearing
二、
1.解析：由下句可知：“我”首先和一位有经验的服务员一起工作了几天。由下文可知作者是一位服务员，而不是厨师，所以排除C项。
答案：D
2.解析：由上下文信息可知此处强调一切进展顺利，go well进展顺利。此句也是对下文不愉快的事情作铺垫。
答案：A
3.解析：本句句意：“我”幸运地被分了几张离厨房不太远的桌子。（was）left被留下；（was）brought被带来；was shown（被）展示，不符合句意要求。
答案：B
4.解析：由上句中的luckily以及下句I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays（托盘）可推断出此处是转折关系。however然而；therefore所以；otherwise否则，要不然。
答案：B
5.解析：“我”是在一家饭店工作，所以挤满人的地方应该是“饭店”（restaurant）,而不是“厨房”（kitchen）。before I knew it不知不觉地。
答案：C
6.解析：从下文对the tray stand的描述可知，当“我”看到the tray stand时，内心是高兴的。
答案：D
7.解析：本句句意：它看起来与“我”训练时所用的那个托盘不一样。
I was trained on是定语从句，修饰the one,one替代名词the tray stand。fix固定，安装，修理；load装载。
答案：B
8.解析：由上句It had nice handles（手柄）可知，此处强调移动方便。
答案：D
9.解析：本句句意：“我”所做的一切工作都很顺利并且开始认为自己天生就是适合干这种工作的人
此处表达“我”对自己的一种主观判断，同时也和最后一句中的not to be too sure of myself相呼应。
答案：A
10.解析：由下文信息可知，an old man应该是本饭店的一位客人，所以没有权利“使（让）……”我工作。watch观看。
答案：C
11.解析：由第二段的描述可知，the tray stand对“我”是“有用的”（useful）。由上句可了解到，老人和妻子一直在观看着“我”的一举一动。
答案：A
12.解析：由上下文信息及本句的but可知：老人打算离开。
答案：D
13.解析：本句句意：起初我没明白他的意思。get across被传达，被理解。message（书面或口头的）信息，消息，口信；idea主意，想法，观念。此处是信息的传达、理解，而不是所想出的办法，故选C。
答案：C
14.解析：由本句中的get into a hole可知“我”无地自容，所以想找地方藏起来。
答案：B
15.解析：本句是一个概括性的句子，描述了“我”在饭店遇到的一件尴尬事。describe描述，描写。correct改正，纠正；discover发现；
repeat重复。
答案：D
三、
Ⅰ.
The passage tells us that the number of English speakers has greatly increased and the reasons for this increase,among which is its present-day importance as a world language.(29 words)
Ⅱ.
分析：本文介绍了英语的发展变化情况，说明了英语最后成为世界语言的原因及英语在当代社会中的重要性。
1.解析：主旨题。根据第3段第1句及全文的内容：英语在各个国家的各个领域的应用，可推知。
答案：D
2.解析：细节题。根据第2段第1句的some 260 million people speak it as a native language及第1段中第2句的描述可知。
答案：A
3.解析：推断题。根据文章最后一段的描述，英语在世界不同领域、不同的地区的使用，可推知。
答案：D
4.解析：细节题。根据文章第2段最后一句可推知。
答案：B
5.解析：细节题。根据文章最后一段倒数第2句可推知。
答案：C