2017届英语一轮精品复习导学案：Unit2《The environment》（译林牛津版必修5）
一、知识复习
（一）词汇部分
1.【原句再现】We are following our usual schedule for debates.(P22)
【知识要点】动词debate的用法
【诊断练习】完成句子。
①She
for a while, and then picked up the phone.
她仔细琢磨了一会儿，然后拿起了电话。
After
, they approved the plan.
经过长时间的辩论，他们通过了这个计划。
① Some fish are very fertile; they lay thousands of eggs.
② Every month they lay aside some money just in case of emergency.
③ You must lay out the steps to make your proposal a reality.
3. 【原句再现】The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people!(P22)
【知识要点】approach的用法
【诊断练习】给出划线部分词语的汉语意思。
① Have you approached the manager about taking a day off next week?
② He approached the question as a scientist.
③ All the approaches to the Palace were guarded by soldiers.
4. 【原句再现】Less than 100 white-flag dolphins remain in the Yangtze River.(P38)
【知识要点】remain的用法
【诊断练习】单项选择：选择能填入题干空白处的最佳选项。
① The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain
as the plane was making a landing.（2008 全国）
A. seat
B. seating
C. seated
D. to be seating
②---Hi, Lydia. Are you going to the concert on Friday?
---I’d like to. But there are so many problems
.
A. remaining to be settled
B. remained settling
C. remaining to settle
D. remained to be settled
5. 【原句再现】We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protect this much-loved river will be appreciated for years to come by future generations.(P38)
【知识要点】effort的用法
【诊断练习】给出划线部分词语的汉语意思。
① We should make an effort to learn something new every day.
② We should spare no effort to beautify our environment
③ He ate much less than usual and only with effort because of the bad cold.
6. 【原句再现】My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P22)
【知识要点】cut back on的用法
【诊断练习】给出划线部分词语的汉语意思。
① The company has cut back on expenses because it lacks money.
② The flood cut the village off from the country town.
③ Half of the forest was cut down to make room for the new road.
7. 【原句再现】What if we run out of space?(P25)
【知识要点】run out (of)的用法
（二）句型部分
1.【原句再现】With me are Mr Lin Shuiqing, from the Society for Environmental Preservation, and Mr Qian Liwei, an economist.
【知识要点】倒装句的用法
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
① Seeing the guard coming, away __________.
the two boys ran
B. were the two boys running
C. ran the two boys
D. did the two boys run
② I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means __________ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied
B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
③ Only when I left my parents for Italy _________ how much I loved them.
A. I realized
B. I had realized
C. had I realized
D. did I realize
二、词汇识记
（一）单词部分
1.辩论，争论n./v. _______ 2. 形势，情形n. ________
3.毁灭，破坏n. ________
4. 引发，提出v. ________ 5. 范围n_________
6. 努力n.________
7.责任，职责n ________
8. 保护，保存n._________
9.评估评价vt.________
（二）词块部分
1.另外
2. 扫除，消灭
3.对……产生影响
4. 消减，缩减
5. 自由发言
6.用完，耗尽
7. 以……的形式
8. 装备有……
9. 找出，挑选
10. 依赖，依靠
11. 导致（结果）
12. 在进行中
13. 集中，关注
三、巩固练习
（一）单项填空：选择能填入题干空白处的最佳选项。（30分）
1. The guide told the tourists that there are several ways to get ________ good look at ________waterfalls.
A. 不填; the
B. the; a
C. a; 不填
D. a; the
2. A scientist who speaks and writes English is in closer touch with the scientists in other countries than ________ who doesn’t.
A. /
B. those
C. one
D. that
3. With the development of its economy, Beijing has changed ________ recognition in the last five years.
A. beyond
B. without
C. over
D. with
4. As a result of the heavy snow, the highway has been closed up until further ________.
A. news
B. notice
C. message
D. information
5. --- Please carry a cell phone to make it easier for me to get hold of you.
--- OK, Dad. But I am eighteen. You ________ worry so much.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. wouldn’t
6. And there, almost ________ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.
A. having lost
B. losing
C. to be lost
D. lost
7. I think you’ve got to the point ________ a change is needed, otherwise you will fail.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
8. Environmental groups intend to ________ the pressure until the government changes the law.
A. keep up
B. make up
C. pick up
D. bring up
9. The news came as no surprise to me. I________ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.
A. knew
B. had known
C. have known
D. know
10. Teamwork is very important in modern society. ________ an effective team member, you need to develop a teamwork attitude.
A. Become
B. Becoming
C. Having become D. To become
11. What a terrible experience! ________ you came back safe.
A. Somehow
B. Somewhat
C. Anyhow
D. Anywhere
12. --- What were you trying to prove to the police?
--- ________ I was last night.
A. That
B. When
C. What
D. Where
13. ________ more energy to my studies instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A. If I devoted
B. Had I devoted
C. Would I devote
D. Should I devote
14. --- I can’t get on with some of my classmates. They just leave me in the cold.
--- ________ But what’s the reason?
A. Sorry to hear that.
B. How about that?
C. Don’t mention it.
D. Never give up.
15. --- Mr. Wang is a man of few words, but quick in mind.
--- ________, you know.
A. A single flower does not make a spring
B. A still tongue makes a wise head
C. All that glitters is not gold
D. A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds
16. --- What did your next-door neighbors quarrel about last night?
--- I could hear voices but I couldn’t ________ what they were saying.
A. take out
B. hear about
C. make out
D. work out
17. --- Christmas is drawing near. Are you going to Beijing for the holiday?
--- I haven’t decided yet. I ________ go home, but it all depends.
A. must
B. shall
C. need
D. might
18. ________ more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.
A. To compete
B. Being competed
C. Competing
D. Competed
19. --- Miss Jones once ________ music at Bardon School for ten years and now is an actress.
--- No wonder I often hear her sing in the garden.
A. had taught
B. taught
C. is teaching
D. has taught
20. Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. why
B. who
C. which
D. when
（二）阅读理解：
A
NASA scientists said on June 1, 2008 they had found ice on Mars -- a step towards finding evidence of life.
Sharp new images received from their Phoenix lander convinced scientists that the spacecraft's thrusters had uncovered a large patch of ice just below the Martian surface, team members said.
That bodes well for the mission's main goal of digging for ice that can be tested for evidence of organic compounds that are the chemical building blocks of life.
Washington University scientist Ray Arvidson said the spacecraft's thrusters may have blown away dirt covering the ice when the robot landed one week ago.
Scientists said a detailed image taken under the lander shows one of the craft's three legs sitting on coarse dirt and a large patch of what appears to be ice -- possibly 3 feet (0.9 metres) in diameter -- that apparently had been covered by a thin layer of dirt.
"We were worried that it may be 30-, 40-, 50-centimeters deep, which would be a lot of work. Now we are fairly certain that we can easily get down to the ice table," said Peter Smith, a University of Arizona scientist who is the chief project investigator.
The spacecraft is equipped with a shovel-like robotic arm that will be used to dig into the ground and retrieve samples for testing in the lander's small laboratories.
The lander was sent to a spot on Mars' northern regions in hopes of finding frozen water, but just how deep underground it would be found was unknown.
The robot arm is expected to begin its first digging operations after several more days of testing.
Once the arm starts digging, dirt and ice it scoops up will be deposited in several small ovens to be heated. Measuring devices will test the resulting gases.
The University of Arizona in Tucson is leading and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory is managing the three-month scientific mission.
1．What was the Phoenix lander meant to do?
A．To search for frozen water on Mars
B．To explore life in outer space
C．To study the minerals in the soil．
D．To discover new rsouzees in outer space．
2．Why did NASA scientists feel worried about the finding?
A．Because the ice is too large for NASA scientists to dig up．
B．Because it takes some time to deal with the large patch of ice．
C．Because it’s impossible for Phoenix lander to conect the ice．
D．Because
it’s hard to carry the ice back to laboratories on the earth
3．“The spacecraft”in Paragraph 7 refers to“
”．
A．The project
B The ice table
C．The robot arm
D．The Phoenix lander
4．Which of the following is WRONG according to the text?
A．A large patch of ice had uncovered．
B．The goal to sending Phoenix lander to Mars is to look for frozen water
C．The goal to sending Phoenix lander to Mars is to discover new resources．
D．It takes some time to deal with the large patch of ice for Phoenlx lander．
5．What is the text mainly about?
A．New findings about space exploration．
B．NASA sent another space craft to Mars．
C．NASA Phoenix lander finds frozen water on Mars．
D．Washington University scientists study Mars
（三）任务型阅读：阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。（20分）
Carla walked 45 minutes a day, every day, as part of her exercise regime. After two years of walking she began to notice her right foot hurt and she was always adjusting her laces (带子). A visit to the family doctor resulted in her going to the last place she thought he’d send her: a shoe store.
Her solution was simple: new sneakers, fitted by a professional. Many people suffer for years without realizing their pain is caused by improperly fitted shoes and that’s why it’s important consumers be aware of how to choose footwear. Here are some tips to keep your feet happy and pain free.
Have your feet measured before you make a shoe purchase. Make sure you measure both feet, since most of us have one foot larger than the other. Always purchase shoes to fit the largest foot.
Try both shoes on and walk in them before you buy. Sizes vary, as do styles and shoe shapes. A size 8 in one brand might fit perfectly, while a 7-and-half in another is too loose in the heel.
Your feet swell during the day, so make sure you only shop for shoes in the evening.
There should be a three-eighths to 5 inch space between your longest toe and the end of the shoe.
The ball of your foot should fit comfortably into the widest part of the shoe.
Before buying shoes of any kind ensure that the heel fits well and there is no slippage.
Look for shoes that are similar in shape to your feet. Some brands and styles are narrower than others, or have a narrow heel.
High heels can cause not only foot pain, but posture problems and back pain, as well. For these reasons women should avoid high heels. If you must wear them, never go over 2- and-a-half inches in heel height.
Always buy shoes that fit now. Shoes do not stretch and there is no such thing as “breaking them in”.
Wear the same type of socks or nylons you will be wearing with the shoe. If you’re purchasing sneakers, wear athletic socks. For high heels, wear nylons during the fitting session.
Make sure the shoes (1) ________ your feet
situation advice
Neither this shoe (2) _______ that one fits you. Make sure you measure both feet and purchase shoes to fit the (3) ______ foot.
Something about shapes and styles Try not only the right shoe but also the (4) _______ one and don’t buy them if you don’t walk in them.
Feet swell.
Make sure you only shop for shoes in the (5) ______.
(6) _______ between your longest toe and the end of the shoe There should be a three-eighths to 5 inch.
The ball goes wrong with your feet and the heel is too (7) _______. The ball of your foot should fit comfortably into the widest part of the shoe. Ensure that the heel fits well and there is no slippage. Women should (8) ______ high heels.
Some brands and styles are narrower than others, or have a narrow heel.
Look for the shoes that have the similar (9) ______ to your feet.
The socks don’t fit the sneakers. Remember to wear (10) __________ socks with the sneakers.
（四）完成句子：根据所给汉语完成下列句子，字数不限。（20分）
1. Then we will
discussion.
之后我们将展开自由讨论。
2. If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to
.
如果大家有任何疑问或评论，可以利用这个时间段来提出。
3.
, many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.
此外，大量的海洋生物正被捕捞船赶尽杀绝。
4. This will
the number of fish left for us to eat.
这种做法对存活下来供我们食用的鱼类的数量将产生持久的影响。
5.
try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.
我的建议是，我们应当尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量。
一、知识复习
（一）词汇部分
1.【参考答案】① debated with herself
②a long time of discussion
【点拨拓展】归纳
open a debate 展开争论hold a debate举行辩论会beyond debate 无可争辩，毋庸置疑under debate 在讨论中a heated debate
激烈的争论
③ 安排
【点拨拓展】lay eggs 产卵，下蛋 lay aside 把······放在一边；留存，储存lay down
（使）躺下，放下；铺设（铁路等） lay off 解雇（工人），辞退 lay out 布置，设计，安排；摆出，展出
③ 通往…的道路
【点拨拓展】approach
vt. & vi. （时间、距离等）接近；着手处理（难题、事务等）
n. [U]靠近，接近；[C]通道，入口；方法，途径
搭配
approach sb. on/about sth
和某人接洽/商量某事
an approach to...
······的通道，入口；解决······的方法
easy of approach
（指人）容易接近的；（指地方）容易到达的
make an approach to
对······进行探讨remain+名词/形容词/分词/介词短语 仍然是······；保持不变remain as 仍然是
sth. remain. to be done 事情有待做
It remains to be seen whether...
是否······还要拭目以待
There remain(s)...
仍然存在，仍然有remain
无被动语态。
③ 费劲地
【点拨拓展】make an effort/efforts to do sth. 努力做某事make every effort to do sth.
竭尽全力做某事spare no effort(s) to do sth. 不遗余力做某事with effort (with difficulty)
费力地，使劲地without effort 毫不费劲地
③砍倒
【点拨拓展】cut across
抄近路通过cut away
切除，剪除cut in
插嘴，干预cut off
切断，停掉cut down
削减，砍到cut up 切碎辨析
run out/give out/run out of/use up
run out意为“用完了”，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。
give out 意为“耗尽，用完”，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物
run out of (=use up) 意为“用完”，为及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般为人。
use up 意为“用光，用完”，为及物动词短语，表示主语，主语一般为人。
③ D
【点拨拓展】表地点的介词短语，表方位及时间的副词，如here, there, in, out, up, down, back, away, off, now, then等位于句首，常用全部倒装句式，也就是把句子的谓语动词提到句子主语的前面。
(
In came the teacher and the class began.
老师走了进来，然后开始上课。
(
There stands a desk against the wall.
靠墙放着一张书桌。
点津 1）以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和stand一般不能用进行时态，既不能说Here is coming the bus. 。
若主语为代词，则不倒装，如 Here it comes. 它来了。
二、词汇识记
（一）单词部分
1.debate
2.situation
3. destruction
4.raise
5.range
6. effort
7. responsibility
8. conservation
9. assess
（二）词块部分
1. in addition
2. wipe out
3. have an effect on/upon
4. cut back on
5. open the floor
6. run out (of)
7. in the form of
8. be stocked with
9. pick out
10. rely on/upon
11. result in /lead to
13. under way
14. focus on
三、巩固练习
（一）DCABC
DCABD
CDBAB
CDABD
（二）1．A
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句话可知，美国国家航空航天局发射火星探测器“风凰号”的目的是在火星上面探测冰。
2．B推理判断题。根据第六段可知，冰块深度可能是30、40或50厘米，因此“凤凰号“需要做许多工作才能把它挖出来．．
3 .D上下文的指代：根据上F文可知，第七段中的“The spacecraft”和第八段中的“The lander”都是指第二段中提到的火星探测器“凤凰号”。
4．C细节理解题。本文主要讲述火星探测器“凤凰号”在火星表面发现冰的事件，并没有涉及新资源的发现，因此c项错误，符合题目要求。A、B和D三项均能在文中找到依据。
5．C 主旨大意题。文章紧紧围绕火星探测器“凤凰号”在火星表面发现冰这个资讯事件展开．NASA Phoenix lander finds frozen water on Mars．概括了文章的主要内容，因此答案选C。
（三）1.fit
2.nor
3.largest
4.left
5.evening
6.Space
7.high
8.avoid
9.shape
10. athletic
（四）1. open the floor for
2. voice them
3. In addition
4. have a lasting effect upon
5. My suggestion is that we should