专题 情态动词
高考精萃
1．(2017·全国大纲卷)Although you ________ find bargains in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.
2．(2017·北京卷)________ I have a word with you? It won't take long.
3．(2017·重庆卷)I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
4．(2017·江苏卷)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
5．(2017·湖南卷)—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we ________ bring anything with us?
6．(2017·四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.
7．(2017·江西卷)Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ________ become the richest.
8．(2017·辽宁卷)Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ________(drink) too much at the party last night.
9．(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.
10．(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Since nobody gave him any help, he ________ have done the research on his own.
11．(2017·北京卷)—You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.
—Well, I don't know. It ________ do.
12．(2017·天津卷)No one ________ be more generous, he has a heart of gold.
13．(2017·浙江卷)I ________(enjoy) myself more—It was a perfect day.
14．(2017·四川卷)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
15．(2017·重庆卷)—What are you doing this Saturday?
—I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.
16．(2017·陕西卷)The children ________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
17．(2017·湖南卷)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
18．(2017·辽宁卷)One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.
19．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.
20．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money.
21．(2017·天津卷)It's quite warm here; we ________ turn the heating on yet.
22．(2017·重庆卷)—________ you interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone?
—Sorry, sir, but it's urgent.
23．(2017·江苏卷)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was.
24．(2017·陕西卷)I ________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
25．(2017·江西卷)We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.
26．(2011·辽宁卷)If you ________ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
27．(2011·全国卷Ⅰ)They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
28．(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)If you ________ smoke, please go outside.
29．(2011·北京卷)—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don't worry. He ________ not come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.
30．(2011·上海卷)I __________ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.
答案与解析
1．can 句意：虽然你在伦敦可能会买到减价品，但通常那儿不是一个能买到便宜货的地方。can 在此处表示“可能性”。
2．Can/May 句意：我能和你说句话吗？不会花很长时间的。can/may 可以，表请求允许。
3．needn't 句意：我已经预订了一些比萨饼，所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。根据句意可知答案为needn't。
4．should 句意：让我难过的是，他们自己那么贫穷，竟然还给我带来食物。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气，意为“竟然”。
5．needn't 句意：——我已经为野餐准备好了各种食物。——你的意思是说我们不必再带任何东西了吗？根据上下文可知设空处表示“不必”。
6．would 句意：我仍然记得我快乐的童年，那时候我妈妈常常在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would 过去常常。
7．may/might 句意：生活是不可预测的，即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。根据句意可知本空表示推测。may/might 可能。
8．must/shouldn't have drunk 句意：Harry 感到不舒服。他一定是/本不应该在昨晚的聚会上喝(了)太多的酒。must have done 表示过去一定做了某事；shouldn't have done 表示过去本不该做某事而做了，以表达责备之意。
9．wouldn't 句意：不管她怎么用力推，门就是打不开。“won't/wouldn't open”可表示门很难打开。此处open 主动形式表示被动意义。本句题干中有“pushed”，故设空处填wouldn't。
10．must 句意：既然没有人帮助他，他一定是独自完成了这项研究。根据题干中“Since nobody gave him any help”可判断设空处表示肯定的推测。
11．may/might 句意：——你不需要带伞，不会下雨。——哦，我不知道。也许会下呢。may/might 表示不太确定。
12．could/can 句意：没有人能比他更慷慨了，他拥有一颗金子般的心。can't/couldn't...more 表示最高级的意思。no one 本身就表示否定，故用can/could 的肯定形式。
13．couldn't/can't have enjoyed 句意：我玩得再开心不过了——这是完美的一天。“can't/couldn't...more”表示最高级的意思；根据题干中的was 可知设空处表示“过去再开心不过”，故答案为couldn't/can't have enjoyed。
14．can't/couldn't 句意：——你的眼睛为什么那么红？昨晚你肯定没睡好。——是的，我熬夜写报告了。“can't/couldn't have＋过去分词”表示过去不可能做了某事。
15．may/might 句意：——你这个周六要干什么？——我不太确定。我可能去滚石乐队的音乐会。由“I'm not sure”可以判断设空处应填表示可能性不是很大的情态动词may/might。
16．must have got 句意：孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了，否则他们就会按照预定时间来到湖边营地了。根据“would have been”可知是对过去事情的虚拟，must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。
17．couldn't 句意：当他像这样思索一个主意的时候，尽管他很想睡，但是就是睡不着，直到把主意想出来。could 表能力，意为“能够，可以”，couldn't 是其否定形式。
18．shall 句意：我们其中的一项规定就是，学生在校期间应该穿校服。shall 用于第三人称的陈述句中用来介绍条约、法令等文件中的规定。
19．needn't 句意：我不需要用闹钟来叫醒我，因为每天早晨六点钟，那趟火车就会从我家附近经过。needn't 不需要，没必要。
20．can 句意：如果我能找到足够的钱，我将和约翰一起去欧洲度假。考查can表示“能力”。
21．needn't 句意：这儿相当暖和，我们还没必要开暖气。needn't 没有必要。
22．Must 句意：——你非要现在插嘴吗？难道你没看见我在打电话吗？——很抱歉，先生，但是这个事情太紧急了。must 表示“非要，偏偏”，多指令人不快的事。
23．wouldn't 句意：几天后，我哥哥打来电话说他一切都好，但是他就不愿说出他在什么地方。wouldn't 不愿意。
24．can't 句意：我再怎么感谢你都不为过，因为我们不在家的时候你帮助了我的儿子。can't...too much 表示“再……也不为过”。
25．needn't 句意：既然苏西不和我们一起吃晚饭，我们本没必要买如此多的食物。needn't＋have done表示本没必要做某事，而实际上做了。
26．must 句意：如果你偏要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。must 表示“非要，偏偏”，多指令人不快的事。
27．should 句意：他们本应该在午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机误点了。should have done 表示过去本应该做某事而未做。
28．must 句意：如果你非要抽烟，请到外面去。must 用于条件句，表示“非要，偏要”。
29．may/might 句意：——我真的不怎么喜欢詹姆斯。你为什么邀请他？——别担心，他或许不会来。他说他还不能确定他的计划是什么。根据题干中的wasn't certain 可知设空处表示不确定。
30．needn't 句意：我不必担心周末的事情——我总是在周末之前就做好了计划。needn't 没有必要。
模拟精选
1．(2017·辽宁沈阳一模)We can't imagine that two children ________ be killed by the washing machine of their house.
2．(2017·辽宁葫芦岛调研)If you ________ be late for the party, give me a call.
3．(2017·东北四校协作体联考)You ________ get the machine repaired this week. I won't need it until next month.
4．(2017·吉林延边质检)—These grapes look really beautiful.
—They ________！ See the price $3.99 a pound. Very expensive, aren't they?
5．(2017·安徽江南十校联考)—The deadline is drawing, but I failed to challenge the task a third time.
—________ my brother have a try?
6．(2017·河北衡水中学调研)Liza ________ well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.
7．(2017·四川资阳一次诊断)—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.
—Well, he ________ have gone far—his coat's still here.
8．(2017·云南昆明一次摸底)—Will the book I ordered arrive on time?
—It ________， if there is no
traffic jam.
9．(2017·湖南汝城一中、长沙实验中学联考)You ________ have bought the book for me, but thank you all the same.
10．(2017·河南开封二模)—Have you heard of the news that Britain's former Prime Minister, Baroness Thatcher, died on Apirl 18?
—Yes. ________ she rest in peace.
11．(2017·北京西城一模)—Bill, be careful!
—Don't worry. I ________ break it.
12．(2017·北京石景山一模)On Sundays when I was a child, father and I ________ get up early and go fishing.
13．(2017·河北教学质量检测)John ________(not arrive) yet, or he would have telephoned me.
14．(2017·辽宁沈阳一模)Credit cards provide us with lots of convenience, but sometimes they ________ lead to problems.
15．(2017·辽宁大连双基测试)—Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party.
—I ________. See you later.
16．(2017·东北三校一模)________ we go to the McDonald's? I'm sick of the food there.
17．(2017·吉林4月质检)Time ________ heal a broken heart. After five years, Steve seems to have got over the sorrow of losing his son.
18．(2017·辽宁沈阳一模)In my memory, whenever we chose a day for a picnic, it ________ always rain on that day.
19．(2017·辽宁大连双基测试)You ________ make mistakes, but that is the way you learn how things work and how to mend them.
20．(2017·江苏泰兴黄桥中学二次月考)—You didn't wait for Elizabeth last night, did you?
—Yes, but we ________. She didn't come at all.
答案与解析
1．should 句意：我们无法想象两个孩子竟然被家里的洗衣机绞死了。should 表示“竟然”。
2．should should 用于条件状语从句中，意为“万一”。
3．needn't 句意：这周你不必请人修这台机器。到下个月我才用呢。根据题干中“I won't need it until next month.”可推知设空处表示“不必”。
4．should 句意：——这些葡萄看起来很漂亮。——它们应该这样！看价钱，3.99美元一磅，太贵了，是不是？根据句意可以猜出葡萄看起来好是应该的，因为价格贵。
5．Shall 句意：——截止日期临近，但是我又一次挑战这项任务失败。——让我弟弟试一下可以吗？shall 用于第三人称疑问句表示征求对方的意见。
6．may/might 句意：莉莎很可能不想去旅游——她讨厌旅游。根据设空处后的well 可知本空填may 或might。may/might well do sth.＝be very likely to do sth. 意为：很可能做某事。
7．can't/couldn't 句意：——你知道戴维在哪儿吗？我到处找他都找不到。——噢，他不可能走远，因为他的大衣还在这里。can't/couldn't have done sth. 不可能做过某事。
8．should 句意：——我订购的那本书会按时到货吗？——如果交通不堵塞的话，应该会。根据“if there is no traffic jam”可推知设空处表示“应该”。
9．needn't 句意：你本来没必要为我买这本书的，不过还是要谢谢你。根据but thank you all the same 可知此处表达“本没必要买但是买了”。
10．May 句意：——你听说英国前首相撒切尔夫人在4月18日逝世的消息了吗？——听说了。愿她安息。may 但愿，表示祝愿。又如：May you both be happy! 祝你们俩幸福！
11．won't 句意：——比尔，小心点！——别担心，我不会把它弄坏的。won't do 不会或不愿做某事。
12．would 句意：我还是孩子的时候，每逢周日爸爸和我就会早起去钓鱼。would 表示过去的一种习惯性动作。
13．can't/couldn't have arrived 句意：约翰不可能已经到了，否则他就给我打电话了。can't/couldn't have done 表示：过去不可能做了某事。
14．can 句意：信用卡给我们提供了很多方便，但有时也会带来一些问题。can 用来表示客观的可能性。
15．will 句意：——谢谢邀请我们。告诉你的妻子她给了我们一个完美的晚会。——我会的。再见。will 表示一种意愿。
16．Must 句意：我们非得去麦当劳吗？那里的食物我吃腻了。根据题干中“I'm sick of the food there.”可知说话者不愿意去麦当劳。must 非得，偏要。
17．can 句意：时间能够疗伤，五年之后，史蒂夫似乎已从丧子的悲痛中恢复过来。can 表示“能力，能够”。
18．would 句意：在我的记忆中，无论我们选择哪一天去野餐，那一天总会下雨。would 表示过去经常发生的事情，意为“总是，总会”。
19．may 句意：你可能会犯错误，但那是你了解事情是如何运作和应该如何补救的方法。根据句意填may, may 表示可能性。
20．needn't have 句意：——你们昨天夜里没等伊丽莎白，是吗？——不，我们等了，但我们没必要等。她根本就没来。根据句意可知设空处表示过去没必要等却等了，故填needn't have。
创新预测
1．Amazing! You ________ come to school wearing a necklace. Don't you know it is forbidden?
2．—The work is challenging and demanding. Who do you think is equal to it?
—________ Andy have a try?
3．—Why hasn't the cook arrived yet today?
—She just ________come for such a low salary.
4．—Isn't that lady your English teacher?
—No, it ________ be her, for she is still in Shanghai, attending a meeting.
5．I tried several times, but still couldn't get through; someone ________ have been using the telephone.
6．It's too late. Li Ping ________ not come, but let's wait for her for another 10 minutes.
7．The language barrier ________ be a problem if you're going to Europe, but my trip to Italy and Greece has proved that as long as you're an English speaker, you can go anywhere you want.
8．—I paid him 800 yuan for the Tshirt.
—Oh, you were charged too much. You ________ have bought two with that money.
9．—Are you satisfied with our service?
—Of course. We ________ get a better one.
10．Mr. Smith gave me a lot of help during my study in Britain. I ________ thank him enough.
11．Now that the weather is rainy, you ________ as well stay at home, playing chess.
12．Tom ________ well fall ill, for he hasn't turned up yet.
13．I can't find my pencil. Where ________ I put it?
14．The trip was very pleasant. It ________ be any better.
15．Why ________ you interrupt me? I'm busy with my essay.
16．If he ________ miss the train, we will get Bill to take his place.
17．—Is he coming by taxi?
—I'm not sure. He ________ drive his car.
18．—The old couple each ________ get a very nice present from our manager on their birthdays.
—Great! It must be a big surprise to them.
19．—Hello, may I speak to Mr. Hu?
—I'm afraid he is not in now. ________ I take a message.
20．—Mr. Smith, how does my son behave at school?
—Pretty good, though he ________ be absentminded occasionally.
答案与解析
1．should 此处should 表示惊讶，意思是“竟然”。
2．Shall shall 在一般疑问句中和第三人称连用时表示征求对方意见，此处答语意为“让Andy试试好吗？”。
3．won't 此句中won't 表示“不愿意”。这么低的薪水她不愿来了。
4．can't can't 不可能(表示推测)。根据语境，此空指那个女士不可能是她(我们的英语老师)。
5．must 由句意可知，我过去打了好几次电话，但(过去)无法打通，说明在我打电话时，一定有人一直在使用该电话，must have been doing sth. 表示对过去正在进行的情况的肯定推测。
6．may may not 可能不，也许不。句意：时间太晚了。李萍可能不来了，但让我们再等她十分钟看看吧。
7．might 根据语境可知“如果你去欧洲旅行，语言障碍可能是个问题”，故用might “可能”。
8．could 根据paid 可知“我”已买了这个T恤衫了，故回答方指出“用800元你本来可以买两件的”，could have done 表示过去本来可以做某事，但没做。
9．couldn't 根据of course 可知“我们对服务很满意”，故说“我们不可能得到比这更好的服务了(We couldn't get a better one.)”。couldn't 表示的是一种虚拟语气。
10．can't I can't thank him enough. 意思是“我对他感激不尽”，相当于“I can't thank him too much.”是固定句型。
11．may/might may/might as well do sth. 最好做某事。
12．may/might may/might well do 很可能做。
13．can can 用于疑问句中表推测，意为“可能”。
14．couldn't couldn't 与形容词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义。
15．must must 表示不耐烦的语气，意为“偏要”。
16．should should 用于虚拟条件句中，意为“万一”。
17．might 根据 I'm not sure 可知用 might。
18．shall shall 与第三人称连用，表许诺。
19．Shall shall 在第一人称前，表请求。
20．can can 表示推测，意为“可能会”。