专题十 语法填空
一、记叙文
高考精萃
Passage 1
(2017·辽宁卷)
Jonny：Hey! I'm just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?
Peter：I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?
Jonny：It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.
Peter：OK. Don't laugh __1__ me. I may look funny.
Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and __2__ (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and don't let your body shake.
Peter：I cannot control my body well. My legs become __3__ (pain)．
Jonny：Keep __4__ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let __5__ stay in the air for seconds.
Peter：I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.
Jonny：Be patient! Tai Chi __6__ (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well __7__ strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The __8__ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!
Peter：Unbelievable! Oh... __9__ you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep __10__.
答案与解析
本文是两人关于太极拳的对话。约翰尼在教彼得一些简单动作并向他介绍一些相关知识。
1．at 句意：不要嘲笑我，我看起来很可笑。laugh at 意为“嘲笑”。
2．softly 句意：膝盖微弯，自然地，缓缓伸出手臂，像树枝一样。所填词与naturally 是并列关系，共同修饰动词短语reach out，故填softly。
3．painful 句意：我的腿痛。become 在此是系动词，后面应填形容词。故填painful。
4．holding 句意：保持姿势一会儿。keep doing... 意为“继续做某事”。故填holding。
5．it 代指前面的your leg, 故填it。
6．is called 句意：太极在英语中被称作shadow boxing。Tai Chi 与call 之间为动宾关系，要用被动语态。又因说话者在介绍一般事实，要用一般现在时。故填is called。
7．as 句意：它使你的行动像水一样既灵活又有力。as well as 为固定短语，意为“既……又……”。故填as。
8．harder 句意：你越用车去打他，你越容易被打。The more..., the more... 为固定句式，意为“越……，越……。”故填harder。
9．if 句意：如果你不介意的话，你就停下来深吸一口气。本句为条件状语从句，故填if。
10．breath 句意同上。take a deep breath 为固定短语，意为“深吸一口气”，故填breath。
Passage 2
(2017·广东卷)
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months __2__ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, __4__ for the week after. I didn't understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservation. What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was __7__(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
答案与解析
本文讲述了“我”和弟弟去迈阿密旅游所遇到的意外和惊喜。
1．it 句意：曾经去过那里的一些朋友说那里是一个非常棒的度假胜地。设空处指代上文提到的Miami，故填it。
2．earlier 句意：我们提前六个月就预订好了，但是前台工作人员告诉我们出了点差错。本句出现了过去完成时，可以断定此处指六个月之前就预订好了宾馆。earlier 意为“提早的”，在此修饰six months。
3．were told 句意：我们被告知我们的房间不是为了那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期订的。主语we和动词tell 之间为被动关系，且文章主要时态是过去时，故填were told。
4．but 本题考查but 的用法。句意见上题解析。not...but... 为固定短语，意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。
5．why 句意：我不明白为什么会发生这样的事情，而且我的信用卡也早已因预订扣了款。根据语义可知填why。
6．for 句意见上题解析。charge sb./sth. for sth. 为固定短语，意为“因……而向某人/物收取费用”。故填for。
7．surprisingly 句意：她出人意料地给我们提供了(热情)的帮助。修饰形容词应用副词形式，故填surprisingly。
8．the 句意：经理向我们道歉并把一间备用的顶楼的VIP房间给了我们。top 具有序数词的语义特点，序数词前要加定冠词the。故填the。
9．where 句意：第二天，我和弟弟去了海边，在那里看人们打排球。先行词是地点名词beach，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
10．sunburnt/sunburned 句意：虽然有点被太阳灼伤，但是那一天我们过得是如此的惬意，根本不在乎这一点小事。动词用于get 之后常用过去分词形式，表被动。故填sunburnt。
Passage 3
(2017·课标全国卷Ⅰ)
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __1__ (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it __2__ (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days __4__ even a few months. It took years of work __5__ (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__ (clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __9__ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be __10__ (patience)．
答案与解析
本文是一篇议论文。当人们面对看似难以改变的现状的时候该如何应对？凯霍加河的污染处理给了我们很好的答案：要努力且有耐心。
1．was 句意：把这条河清理干净是难以想象的。根据语境可知，此处应为过去时，主语是单数。故填was。
2．actually 句意：河水污染如此严重，以至于河面都能着火并燃烧起来。本空修饰动词，应用副词形式。故填actually。
3．the 句意：数年后，这条河成为了环境改善的最佳典范。最高级前要用定冠词，故填the。
4．or 句意：但是，河水不是在几天或是几个月内变清澈的。本空前后为选择关系，都是指一段时间，且用于否定句中，故填or。
5．to reduce 句意：减少工业污染，清理河道花了数年时间。It takes/took some time to do sth. 为固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”。故填to reduce。
6．cleaner 句意：终于，努力有了回报，现在的河水比以前干净了。“比较级＋than...”为比较级的固定结构。故填cheaner。
7．that/which 句意：或许你有一个能使家人抓狂的习惯。空后是定语从句，修饰先行词habit。当先行词是物时，定语从句可以用that 或者which引导。
8．amazing 句意：尽管有很多迅速改变的惊人事例，但是对于我们大多数人来说，改变是渐近的，是需要很多的努力才能实现的……。修饰名词要用形容词，故填amazing。
9．changes 句意同上。空后be动词是复数，因此设空处应为名词的复数。故填changes。
10．patient 句意：只要耐心点就好。系动词后要用形容词，故填patient。
Passage 4
(2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ)
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked，“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's __9__ (I)”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.
答案与解析
本文讲述的是在作者上学途中发生的一件事。一个男孩为了归还一名乘客落下的手提箱，骑车追了公交车一站路。车上的每个人都对此事感触颇多。
1．being 句意：一天早上，我正在等公交车，担心上学会迟到。介词后面用名词或动名词作宾语，故填being。
2．and 句意：有很多人在车站等车，而且其中一些人看起来很焦急、失望。空前后为递进关系，故填and。
3．disappointed and 前后成分一致，而且主语为人，故此空填过去分词形式的形容词disappointed，意为“感到失望的”。
4．to 句意：我呆在一个挨着窗户的地方。next to 为固定短语，意为“紧挨着”。故填to。
5．caught 句意：一个骑车的男孩引起了我的注意。文章在讲述一个故事，要用一般过去时，故填caught。
6．to stop 句意：直到我们到了下一站，司机才停下车。refuse 后接动词不定式作宾语，意为“拒绝做某事”。
7．riding 句意：然而，男孩一直在骑车(追赶)。keep 后接动名词作宾语，意为“持续做某事”，故填riding。
8．Did 句意：有人在上一站丢了一个手提箱么？表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时；与谓语动词对应的助动词要用do 的某种形式，故填Did。
9．me/mine 此句可以理解为“是我(丢了箱子)”，故填人称代词宾格me；可以理解为“是我的(箱子)”，故填名词性物主代词mine。
10．suddenly 句意：这群陌生人突然变得彼此友好起来。修饰动词became 要用副词形式，故填suddenly。
模拟精选
Passage 1
(2017·吉林九校联合体二模)
When I was a little girl, every time my dad was repairing something，he __1__ ask me to hold the hammer, and meanwhile, have a conversation with me. I never saw my dad drinking or taking a night out. All he did after work was taking care of his family.
I grew up and left home for college and __2__ then，my dad had been calling me every Sunday morning, no matter what. Several years later I bought a house, __3__ my dad painted by himself for three days in the 80degree summer heat. All he asked was __4__ me to talk to him. But I was always busy, __5__ (able) to find any time for conversation with him.
One Sunday morning we had a telephone talk as usual. I noticed that my dad had forgotten some things we discussed lately. I was in a hurry, so our conversation was short. Later that day came a call __6__ (say) my father was in hospital. Immediately I bought a ticket for a flight and on my way I was thinking about all the __7__ (miss) occasions to have a talk with my dad.
__8__ the time I got to hospital, my father had passed away. Now it was __9__ who did not have time for a conversation with me. I realized __10__ little I know about my dad，his deepest thoughts and dreams. After his death I learned more about him, and even more about myself.
答案与解析
父亲有一个习惯，修东西时总是让“我”拿着锤子和“我”聊天。上大学后父亲每个周日都会给“我”打电话和“我”聊天。他所需要的仅仅是和“我”聊天而已，而“我”却总是很忙。如今，父亲已过世，想和他聊天，人却已不在。
1．would 考查情态动词。would do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。句意：当我还是一个小女孩的时候，每次爸爸修东西，都会让我拿着锤子，和我说说话。由句意可知，应填would。
2．since 考查介词。“then”在句中指代的是“我长大后离开家上大学”这个时间点。根据后文内容“无论发生什么，父亲都会在每个周日早上给我打电话”可以推断，父亲的这个动作发生在“从那时以来”，故填since。
3．which 考查定语从句。先行词为a house，指物，且定语从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which。
4．for 考查介词。for在本句中意为“对于”，表对象。句意：他想要的仅仅是让我和他说说话。
5．unable 考查形容词。主句提到“我”总是很忙，由此推断，因此“不能”找时间和父亲说说话。故填unable，形容词短语在句中做结果状语。
6．saying 考查非谓语动词。saying在句中做定语，修饰其前的名词“a call”，两者构成主谓关系，故填saying。
7．missed 考查非谓语动词。“missed(错过的)”在句中做定语，与所修饰的名词“时刻”之间构成动宾关系，故用miss的过去分词形式。
8．By 考查固定搭配。“By the time...”为固定句型，意为“到……时候”。句意：等我到达医院的时候，我父亲已经去世了。
9．he 考查强调句中的主语。由上文内容可知，父亲已过世，由此推断，现在是父亲没有时间和“我”说话了。
10．how 考查副词。“我”意识到了对于父亲、他内心深处的想法以及梦想，“我”了解得有多么少。由句意可知，应填how，意为“多么”，修饰其后的形容词little。
Passage 2
(2017·长春第三次调研)
The task of being accepted in a university begins early for some students. Long before they graduate
__1__ high school, these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test __2__ well prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school，they complete
__3__ (apply) and send them to the universities __4__ interest them most. Some high school students may be required to have __5__ interview with people from the university. __6__ (neat) dressed and a little bit frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.
If the new students __7__ (accept), many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures for students' advising, university rules, the use of the library and all the __8__ major services of the university.
Beginning a new life in a new place can be very
__9__ (puzzle). The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier __10__ will be for them to adapt to the new environment. However，it takes time to get used to college life.
答案与解析
一些学生在上大学之前就开始了一系列的准备工作：上一些专门开设的课程、考试来测试自己的准备情况或者参加大学的面试。被录取后，他们可以尽快地了解学校的相关信息，尽早适应大学生活。
1．from 考查介词。graduate from...为固定搭配，表示“毕业于……”。
2．how 考查副词。句意：他们可能参加一次或者更多的考试，用以检验自己为上大学准备得怎样。由句意可知，应填副词how，修饰其后的副词well。
3．application 考查名词。complete 为及物动词，后接apply 的名词形式application 做宾语。
4．that/which 考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为universities，指物，用that/which 引导。
5．an 考查冠词。句意：一些高中生可能被要求接受大学的面试。此处用an 表示泛指。
6．Neatly 考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故用neat 的副词形式neatly。
7．are accepted 考查谓语动词。if 条件句用一般现在时表示将来，“学生”与“录用”的关系为动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
8．other 考查形容词。上文列举了一系列步骤，下文应是“其他”的相关服务。
9．puzzling 考查形容词。空处在句中做表语，修饰主语“Beginning a new life”。句意：在一个新的地方开始新的生活是令人迷惑的。故用puzzling。
10．it 考查代词。“it”在句中做形式主语，代替“to adapt to the new environment”。
Passage 3
(2017·河南濮阳统一摸底)
Some kids may assume that college is very much like their strict high school. But
__1__ (actual) there are lots of freedom at college: There's much more latitude (回旋余地，自由) in __2__ (choose) courses to take, __3__ students can focus primarily on subjects that interest them. Their schedule will vary widely, too. Some days they may have no __4__ (course) until noon. Most courses may only meet three times a week. These are interesting details that not every youngster is aware of.
In __5__ (add), students will meet many, many new friends. They'll be in a community，__6__ almost everyone is roughly the same age. Colleges __7__ (type) feature scores of clubs, sports, and others activities and thus students aren't likely to be bored. Instead of being out in the working world，they'll be among new friends, __8__ (take) many courses that interest them and enjoying a rich __9__ (society) life.
Another compelling(有强烈吸引力的) point is financial. According to the estimated figures, those who have received a college education will make to one's earning power. Obviously a good job today requires
__10__
least a college education.
答案与解析
本文主要讲述了上大学的乐趣。
1．actually 考查副词。空处在句中做状语，修饰主句的情况，故用actual的副词形式。
2．choosing 考查非谓语动词。in为介词，其应用v.－ing形式，故填choosing。
3．and 考查连词。学生在选择要上的课程上更加自由和首先关注感兴趣的课程之间为并列关系，故用并列连词and。
4．courses 考查名词。“have no”相当于“doesn't have”，单数可数名词在使用时，其前无定语修饰，应使用其复数形式，故填courses。
5．addition 考查固定搭配。in addition表示“此外”，为固定搭配。
6．where 考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为community，表地点，再分析定语从句，句子成分完整，故填关系副词where。
7．typically 考查副词。空处在句中修饰其后的动词feature，故用其副词形式。句意：大学典型地以很多的社团，运动会和其他的活动为特征。
8．taking 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中做状语，其逻辑主语为they，两者构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式taking。
9．social 考查形容词。空处在句中做定语，修饰其后的名词life，故用其形容词形式。
10．at 考查固定搭配。at least表示“至少”，为固定搭配。
Passage 4
(2017·河南适应性训练)
Dear Diary，
Sorry I didn't get to write last night! It was such a busy day，and I was __1__ tired to write anything.
I was right about Sarah not being okay. Yesterday, she
__2__ (bare) spoke to me，and anything she did say was a “yes” or “no” answer. I __3__ (try) so hard to get her to cheer up，but of course she just kept saying, “I'm fine，I'm fine. ”Uggh! I wish she __4__ honest with me! I'm always honest with her! It's not fair!
Jane also seemed mad all day __5__
she could tell that Sarah was not really being nice to her. I hate __6__ (be) in the middle of all of this. What am I __7__ (suppose) to do? Sarah's been my friend since forever, and Jane is my new friend, and I don't want to hurt __8__
(anyone) feelings! But I think that Jane is right about Sarah. I'm worried she was saying mean(刻薄的) things __9__ Sarah to our other friends when she didn't know the truth，but I don't want to tell her that to her face.
I wish __10__ (thing) were simple like they were in elementary school.
答案与解析
作者的老朋友Sarah情绪低落，对作者的态度十分冷淡，并且对作者的新朋友Jane态度也十分不友好。作者担心Jane会对他人说Sarah的坏话却又不能对Jane直说，进退两难的作者多希望一切会像上小学时一样简单。
1．too “too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”。句意：昨天很忙，我太累了，什么也没写。
2．barely 修饰动词spoke应用副词，故填barely。
3．tried 由上文内容可知，本句叙述的是昨天的事情，故用一般过去时。
4．would be/had been/were 句意：我希望她会对我坦诚相待。句中并没有指明具体的时间状语，故三种形式均可，分别表示对将来、过去和现在事实相反的虚拟。
5．because Jane似乎一整天也很抓狂，因为她也看得出Sarah对她不友好。由句意可知，应填because，引导原因状语从句。
6．being/to be hate后可接“doing”与“to do”两种形式做宾语。
7．supposed be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”。
8．anyone's 空格处在句中做定语，修饰其后的名词feelings，故应用anyone's。
9．about about“关于”。句意：我担心她会说一些关于Sarah的刻薄的话语。由句意可知，应填about。
10．things 空格处后的谓语动词为复数，故宾语从句的主语应用复数形式things。
Passage 5
(2017·河南南丘二模)
How Do Learning Habits Influence Learning Results?
It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings.”，
__1__ shows the importance of habits.
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results
__2__ (include) high scores and abundant knowledge. At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and __3__ (attitude) to the content of our learning. Obviously, a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we __4__ see，developing a good habit is so important __5__ I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits—keeping a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by __6__ (write) learning summaries and remember to record something impressive and __7__(meaning). Keep __8__ in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
What's more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate __9__ reading for a short time and I __10__ (conquer) this problem by spending more effort on concentration practice.
I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.
答案与解析
本文主要向我们讲述了好的学习习惯会影响学习效率。
1．which 考查定语从句。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Good habits lead to good endings”这句话，故用which。
2．including 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中做定语，修饰前面的名词learning results，两者构成主谓关系，故用including。
3．attitudes 考查名词。“form”后有两个并列的名词做宾语，其一是“ways”，其二应用“attitude”的复数形式。
4．can 考查固定句型。“As we can see”表示“正如我们看到的那样”。
5．that 考查连词。“养成一种好的习惯如此重要以至于我想介绍一种好的学习习惯”。由句意可知，that 引导结果状语从句，与so 构成“so...that...”句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。
6．writing 考查非谓语动词。介词后应使用v.ing形式。
7．meaningful 考查形容词。修饰不定代词时，形容词后置，“impressive”与“meaningful”同时修饰something。
8．it 考查代词。it 指代前文“如何养成习惯”这件事。
9．on 考查介词。concentrate on... 表示“集中注意力于……”。
10．will conquer 考查时态。克服这个问题是将来的事情，故用一般将来时。
Passage 6
(2017·河南南阳第三次联考)
On a very cold evening，an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn't ask for any help. The wait seemed __1__ (end). Then came another rider，the old man __2__ (catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？” Stopping his horse, he replied, “Of course.”
Almost __3__ (freeze)，the old man could not get __4__ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river, __5__ to his home. “Sir，you didn't even ask the other riders for help, why? What
__6__
I had said ‘no’ and left you there？” the horseman asked. The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes. I found they didn't care, __7__ told me it would be useless，but when I looked into __8__， I saw kindness.” These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for __9__ you've said. I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” With that，Thomas Jefferson，the __10__ (three) president of the US，turned his horse around and went away.
答案与解析
本文讲述了美国第三任总统好心帮助一位老者过河的故事，彰显了他的高贵品质：再忙也要帮助他人。
1．endless 考查形容词。seem为系动词，其后可用名词/形容词做表语，上文提到，他看到几个骑马人经过却未寻求帮助，由此可以推知，等待是“漫长的”，故用endless。
2．caught 考查时态。根据后文的“said”可以推知，此处陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。
3．frozen 考查形容词。形容词在句中做状语，可以描述主语的状态。故此处应填“frozen”，表示老人(因长时间的等待)冻僵了。
4．off 考查介词。句意：老人几乎冻僵了，无法从地面上移开步伐。表示“从……离开”，应用介词off。
5．but 考查固定搭配。“not just...but...”表示“不仅……而且……”。句意：他不仅把这位老人运过河，还把他送回家。
6．if 考查固定句型。“what if...？”为固定句型，表示“要是……会怎样？”。
7．which 考查定语从句。先行词为they didn't care，指一件事，且此处为非限制性定语从句，故用which，在句中做主语。
8．yours 考查代词。yours与前文中的their eyes相对，指yom eyes。后半句句意：但是当我注视着你的眼睛的时候，我看到了友善。
9．what 考查连词。for后的宾语从句中缺少宾语，且由句意“谢谢你所说的话”可推知，该空应填what。
10．third 考查序数词。序数词、最高级前常用the修饰，且由常识可知，Thomas Jefferson为美国第三任总统，故填third。
Passage 7
(2017·山西第三次四校联考)
Do you like travelling? Staying __1__ (health) while
__2__ (travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one. __3__
you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much __4__ (easy)．
Make sure you have got signed passports(护照) and visas. Also，before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport __5__
(steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other __6__ you in a separate place from your passport.
Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to __7__ you are travelling.
Leave a copy of your itinerary (旅行计划) with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.
Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or __8__ (necessary) credit cards. If we make enough __9__
(prepare), we will succeed. Have __10__ good time!
答案与解析
本文主要就旅行时如何保持身体健康提出了几点建议。
1．healthy 考查形容词。句意：在旅行的时候保持身体健康可以确保你享有一个快乐而又舒适的旅行。stay healthy“保持身体健康”。
2．travelling 考查非谓语动词。此处省略了主语和谓语you are，故用travel的现在分词形式。
3．If/When/While 考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此空既可以用引导条件状语从句的If“如果”，也可以用引导时间状语从句的When/While。
4．easier 考查形容词的比较级。由空前的much可知，此处应用easy的比较级形式。
5．is stolen 考查时态和语态。passport和steal是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，且此处是在陈述一般情况，应用一般现在时，故填is stolen。
6．with 考查介词。表示某人随身携带应用介词with。
7．which 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中做介词to的宾语，故用which引导。
8．unnecessary 考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处指不要带太多的钱或不必要的信用卡。
9．preparations 考查名词。空处做make的宾语，应用prepare的名词形式，另外preparation 作“准备工作”讲时是可数名词，故用其复数形式。
10．a 考查冠词。have a good time “玩得高兴”，为固定短语。
Passage 8
(2017·东北三校第一次联考)
It was a sunny day.A little boy's father was sitting on the couch，drinking a beer while watching__1__basketball match.Seeing this，the boy rushed to his father and shouted，“Daddy，show me how to play catch！”The father，staring__2__the television screen，replied，“Let me finish watching the match.Play outside and come back in five minutes.”
“Okay，Daddy！”said the boy，running out of the room.Five minutes later，the boy returned __3__(scream)，“Daddy，Let's play catch now！”
By this time，the father had opened another cold beer and another match was beginning.__4__(patient) with the boy's interruption, the dad brought a magazine to his son. On the cover of the magazine was a large picture of the world. The father, who was angry and__5__(bother), began tearing the magazine cover into small__6__. Then, the father turned to his boy and said, “Son, once you put this picture back together, we can play catch, but do not interrupt me again__7__you finish.”
A few minutes later, the boy returned and said, “I__8__(finish), Daddy！Can we play catch now？” Surprised, the father glanced towards his child, and__9__lay the magazine with the world pieced perfectly together in his small hands. The dad asked his child how he put the world together so quickly.
“__10__was simple，” said the boy. “On the back of the world was the picture of a person, and once I put the person together, that's when the world came together.”
答案与解析
这是一个小故事，孩子不断打断父亲，要父亲陪他出去练球，在看电视的父亲是如何支开孩子，孩子又做了些什么呢？
1．a 考查冠词。语境表示父亲正在看一场篮球比赛，故应在单数可数名词match 前加冠词a，泛指“一场比赛”。
2．at 考查介词。这里用stare at 表示“盯着……看”。
3．screaming 考查非谓语动词。本空所在句子的两个动词return 和 scream 之间没有连词，因此本空用现在分词做伴随状语。
4．Impatient 考查形容词。从语境的连贯看，这里应该用形容词短语impatient with做状语，表示“对……不耐烦”。
5．bothered 考查动词。语境表示父亲很生气，很恼火，动词bother 在这里用被动语态be bothered 表示“被打扰”。
6．pieces 考查名词搭配。这里用tear...into pieces 表示“把……撕成碎片”。
7．until/before 考查状语从句。语境表示“在你做完之前不要来打扰我”，故用until 或before 引导时间状语从句。
8．have finished 考查时态。孩子说他把事情做完了，故用现在完成时表示从过去开始并延续到当前的动作。
9．there 考查句式。这里用there lay 句式表示“……就在那里放着”。
10．It/That/This 考查代词。这里用代词it, that 或 this 指代前面提到的“把这些碎片粘贴到一起”。
Passage 9
(2017·河北唐山一模)
Christmas is no fun when you're poor.Twenty years ago，I was a young，__1__ (struggle)substitute teacher(代课教师)whose calls into work had been few.Money was tight，bills were due __2__
my wife and I couldn't even afford to get Christmas gifts for each other.The only gifts we could get for our children were a few soft toys that I had found
__3__(sell)at half price in the supermarket.I opened the door and brought in the gifts I
__4__
(hide)in our old car's trunk. Then I handed
__5__ to my son and daughter.I watched with a sad smile as they did their best to tear off the wrapping (包装)paper.As they pulled out their toys，though，I noticed their
__6__
lit up and they jumped up and down.My
daughter
__7__
(happy)hugged her toy and then hugged her mom and me as well.I laughed as I watched my children play with their toys
__8__ hours，and I thanked God for
the __9__(great)gift I had ever been given.Till today I still treasure __10__
gift of pure love that my son and daughter gave me that day.
答案与解析
作者家里很穷，只能给孩子们买打折的玩具作为圣诞礼物，可孩子们却因为有礼物而高兴不已。
1．struggling 考查非谓语动词。修饰名词teacher应用现在分词struggling，表示“奋斗的”。
2．so/and 考查连词。前后两句为顺承关系，也可为因果关系，故填so或者and。
3．sold 考查非谓语动词。sell与toys存在动宾关系，故应用sold做found的宾语补足语。
4．had hidden 考查时态。hide的动作发生在opened之前，故应用过去完成时。
5．them/the gifts 考查代词或名词。此处指的是那些礼物，故填the gifts或them。
6．eyes/faces 考查固定搭配。one's eyes/face light(s) up表示“眼中/脸上流露出喜悦”。
7．happily 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词happily。
8．for 考查介词。此处用介词for表示“达，计”。
9．greatest 考查形容词的最高级。由“I had ever been given”可知，此处表示“最好的礼物”。
10．the 考查冠词。名词gift后有定语修饰，故其前应用定冠词the。
Passage 10
(2017·昆明教学质量检测)
American English has its own idioms. Let's say you buy something in a shop. And __1__ you pay for it, you say: this cost __2__ an arm and a leg! What do you really mean by __3__ (say) so? Do you have to give them your arm and your leg? I hope not. Let's listen to an American English conversation __4__(see) if we can find out what this means.
A：Did you buy that new computer?
B：Yeah, I did. But I __5__ have bought it.
A：Why do you say so? Is there anything wrong with it?
B：Not exactly, but, as a matter of fact, it cost the way more than I __6__ (expect) it to be.
A：__7__ did you pay for it?
B：Let me just tell you it cost an arm and a leg! When you say in American English that something costs an arm and a leg, it actually means that __8__ price is very, very high, much __9__ (high) than we can accept. If you use this __10__ in the United States, everyone there will understand you. But this is an informal phrase, so don't use it in a formal business setting.
答案与解析
本文介绍了美国英语中的一个习语。
1．when/after 考查连词。此处表示为所买的东西付款时或付完款后会说这个习语，因此填when/after。
2．me 考查双宾语。cost后接双宾语，构成cost sb. sth.，应填入人称代词的宾语，结合语境可知，填me。
3．saying 考查非谓语动词。by为介词，因此其后的动词应作用动词ing 形式。
4．to see 考查动词不定式/并列连词。此处可以填入动词不定式做目的状语，因此填入to see。
5．shouldn't/oughtn't to 考查虚拟语气。根据“But”提示可知，此处表示“买了，但本不应该买”。shouldn't/oughtn't to have done 表示“本不应该做而实际上做了”。
6．expected/had expected 考查时态。此处cost 为过去式，表示花的钱比原来预计的要多，因此可使用过去时，如果强调“过去的过去”，也可以使用过去完成时。
7．How much 考查疑问词。此处是问付了多少钱，因此填入How much。
8．the 考查冠词。此处表示特指意义，因此名词前填定冠词the。
9．higher 考查形容词的比较级。根据“than”提示可知，此处使用high的比较级higher。
10．phrase/idiom/expression 考查名词。根据文章的第一句及最后一句可知，可填入idiom或phrase，因为expression表示“词组”，因此也可以将其填入。
Passage 11
(2017·广州调研测试)
Robert Burns is the most famous poet to write in Scots, the traditional language of Scotland.
Born in Ayrshire, Scotland to a poor farming family, his parents made sure that he was well educated as a child. In 1783 he started composing poetry __1__ a traditional style using the Ayrshire dialect of Scots. These poems were well received __2__ (local) and in 1786 they were published in the volume, Poems, Chiefly, __3__ made him famous in Scotland overnight.
__4__， his fame was not accompanied by money and he found __5__ necessary to return to farming. __6__ this also proved unprofitable, he entered government service in 1789.
He died at the age of 37 as a result of a weak heart, brought on by years of poor working conditions on the farm __7__ (date) back to his childhood. Within a short time of his death, money started pouring in from all over Scotland __8__ (support) his widow and children.
Today, his memory __9__ (celebrate) by Burns clubs across the world and his birthday is __10__ unofficial “National Day” for Scots and those with Scottish ancestry, celebrated with Burns suppers.
答案与解析
本文介绍了英国诗人罗伯特·彭斯的一些情况。
1．in 由句中的关键词style 可知应填in，表示某事完成或发生的方式。
2．locally 此处修饰动词，故用副词形式。
3．which 此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which 在从句中做主语。
4．However “his fame was not accompanied by money”和上一段最后一句中的“made him famous in Scotland overnight”之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，因此用However。
5．it 此处it 做形式宾语，necessary 是宾语补足语，动词不定式短语to return to farming 是真正的宾语。
6．When 空处表示“当……的时候”，故用When。
7．dating poor working conditions 和 date 之间是主谓关系，因此用动词的ing形式。
8．to support 此处用动词不定式做目的状语。
9．is celebrated 句子主语memory 和动词celebrate 之间是动宾关系，主语是单数形式，时间状语是Today，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。
10．an 句中的unofficial “National Day”是泛指，故在unofficial 前加不定冠词an。
Passage 12
(2017·吉林二模)
Susan：I'm so glad to see you, David.__1__has been such a long time. How are you?
David：I'm fine, and you?
Susan：I'm just wonderful. God, time goes by so quickly! Are you going to the air quality conference in Chicago?
David：I am. And I'm really glad to see you. Just last night I found your name in the conference materials，but it didn't come to my__2__that we would meet on the plane.
Susan：I'm afraid I haven't had time to look at__3__conference materials very carefully. I had no idea you were coming, but I am certainly glad to see you. I was feeling very nervous about going there__4__friends.
David：I can imagine. My English has gotten not so fluent since I returned from the United States，__5__I'm rather nervous myself. But I saw that you__6__(give) the most important talk at the conference.
Susan：__7__(frank) speaking, I'm scared to death about it.
David：I'm just giving a talk in one of the workshop sections, and I hope I won't make all of you__8__(disappoint)．
Susan：But your English is much__9__(good) than mine.
David：But you're now the Director of the Air Quality Institute, so you__10__know the technical terms.
Susan：Maybe. But I still can't understand totally a lot of technical terms in my field.
答案与解析
Susan 与 David 在飞机上相遇，他们要去芝加哥开空气质量会，二人对于会议上的讲话十分忐忑，彼此交流了内心的紧张情绪。
1．It 考查代词。it可以指代时间、距离、价值等。在本句中，it 指代时间。
2．mind 考查名词。come to one's mind 表示“某人想起”。后半句句意：但是我没想到我们会在飞机上相遇。由句意可知，应填mind。
3．the 考查冠词。定冠词the 用来指代上文提到的事物，conference materials 在上文已出现，故用the 修饰。
4．without 考查介词。在没有朋友的情况下才会紧张，故用without。
5．so/therefore/thus 考查连词。“英语不流利”与“紧张”之间为因果关系，故用so/therefore/thus。
6．would give/were giving 考查时态。根据上文内容提示，Susan 还未出席会议，由此推断“在会议上讲话”发生在将来。且由宾语从句前的saw 判断，谓语动词应使用过去将来时。
7．Frankly 考查固定搭配。frankly speaking 表示“坦白地说”。
8．disappointed 考查形容词。空处在句中做宾语补足语，应用“disappointed(沮丧的，失望的)”来修饰宾语“all of you”。
9．better 考查形容词比较级。根据修饰比较级的much与than提示，可知应填better。
10．must 考查情态动词。must表示肯定推测。“但你现在是空气质量局的主任，那么你一定了解相关的专业术语。”由句意可知，应填must。
Passage 13
(2017·豫东、豫北十所名校检测四)
Tom：Have you heard the local newspaper The Times is closing down in three months' time?
Mary：Then that's good news. That newspaper is terrible. I won't miss it.
Tom：__1__ do you mean? The Times is the best newspaper in the city. If that __2__ (close) down, we'll only have The Pioneer and the City Journal, which is too bad.
Mary：You only like The Times __3__ it takes up to 20 pages every day with sports. The City Journal is a great paper. And you don't like it because it devotes less than 5 pages every day __4__ baseball results.
Torn：This is a baseball city. We've got a great team. Why shouldn't we read about it? Where are we going to get the results now?
Mary：I think a newspaper needs to meet all the __5__ (need) of its readers，not just that of those __6__ like sports.
Tom：Then what about the Job Section in The Times? That is one of the most __7__
(use) parts of it. Every business, every store in the city knows if they want to get someone __8__ (work) for them，they have to put some ads in The Times. How are all these people going to get work now？This will __9__ (absolute) destroy the local economy.
Mary：Destroy the local economy, will it? I admit the Job Section is pretty good in The Times, __10__ either one of the other two newspapers will just get the ads instead. That's how things work.
答案与解析
三周之后，《泰晤士报》要退出报纸界，喜欢该报纸的Tom与Mary，就此事展开争论，两人各执己见。
1．What 考查特殊疑问词。“你是什么意思啊？”由句意可知，应填What。
2．closes/is closed 考查时态和语态。if条件句中用一般现在时表将来。close作及物动词或不及物动词均可，故填closes或closed。
3．because 考查连词。主从句构成因果关系，故用because。该句意思是：你仅仅是因为《泰晤士报》每天有20页的版面涉及体育才喜欢它。
4．to 考查介词。“devote...to...”为固定搭配，表示 “把……奉献给/致力于……”。
5．needs 考查名词。表示“所有读者的需要”应用need的复数形式needs。
6．who 考查定语从句。先行词为those，指人，故用who连接定语从句，充当从句的主语。
7．useful 考查形容词。空前有the most修饰，由此推断，此处为形容词的最高级形式，故填useful。
8．to work 考查固定搭配。get作为使役动词的用法为“get sb.to do sth.”，故空处应填to work。
9．absolutely 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故应用absolutely。
10．but 考查上下文逻辑关系。我承认《泰晤士报》上的工作板块确实不错，但另外两家报纸中的任何一家也都有广告。由句意可知，并列句的前后分句构成逻辑上的转折关系，故用but。
Passage 14
(2017·山西临汾适应性训练二)
Daniel：Good morning, madam. I'm Daniel. I'm applying for the position of manager.
Madam：Sit down，please. __1__ did you learn about our company?
Daniel：I got to know __2__ company through such famous brands as LUX, LIPTOS and WALLS. Your products impressed me deeply.
Madam：Well, please tell me
__3__ about your past work achievement.
Daniel：All right, Madam. When
__4__ (work) for my previous company，I succeeded in raising the yearly sales volume(销售额) __5__ 25%.
Madam：Oh，that is quite an achievement! Why have you decided to change jobs?
Daniel：I hope to change __6__
I am looking for a more challenging position. There are no more __7__(opportunity) for me to grow in my current job.
Madam：OK，I understand. But why have you made the
__8__ (choose) to work for us?
Daniel：I have carefully studied the information about your company on the Internet and I __9__
(check) your company's homepage. The working conditions are so excellent here. I __10__ (sincere) hope to be a member of your company.
Madam：That's fine. Thanks for coming to see us. I will let you know about the job within the week.
答案与解析
本文为一场面试的对话。Daniel不想安于现状，于是去另外一家公司面试经理的职位。
1．How 考查特殊疑问词。问句句子成分完整，且由答语中的方式状语“through such famous brands”可知，问句应用How提问。
2．your 考查形容词性物主代词。Daniel回答的是这位女士的问题。由上文内容推知，这位女士在这家公司工作，故用your。
3．something 考查代词。something about...意为“关于……的信息”。本句意思是：请告诉我关于你过去工作成就的一些信息吧。由句意可知，应填something。
4．working 考查状语从句的省略现象。“I”与“work”之间为主动关系，故用working。
5．by 考查介词。“by＋数量词”表示“升降、增减的程度”。后半句句意：我成功地提高了25%的年度销售额。
6．because 考查连词。问句提问的是Daniel换工作的原因。空格处后解释说明了原因。故用because引导状语从句。
7．opportunities 考查名词。more为many的比较级，其后应用opportunity的复数形式。
8．choice 考查名词。“made”为动词，其后应接choose的名词形式做宾语，故填choice。“made the choice”相当于“chose”。
9．have checked 考查时态。and连接的并列句中，时态一致。且本句用现在完成时表示对现在造成的影响，“The working conditions are so excellent here.”。
10．sincerely 考查副词。修饰动词hope应用副词，故用sincere的副词形式sincerely。
Passage 15
(2017·河北邯郸一模)
Simon：Linda, do you know when the visitors from China are coming?
Linda: We offer them three __1__ (choose): the end of March, the middle of April and the beginning of May, and they chose the earliest __2__， which is good actually with exams __3__ (come) up in May.
Simon：Right. And how many are coming? Did you say about 8?
Linda：Yes, they said 8 at first, but __4__ (change) to 6 this morning.
Simon: Good, we have 5 weeks to prepare. Here are my suggestions. On the first day, a welcome party, then they can visit __5__ schools in the district on the second and third days.
Linda: We've got to remember this group wants to look at how the Internet is being __6__(use) in the classroom. That's __7__ they are coming for.
Simon：Exactly, __8__ I want to ask Mr. Todd to give them a talk on this on the afternoon of the third day.
Linda：That will fit in very __9__(nice)．
Simon：And on the last day, they would do some sightseeing. We could take them on the tour of London, but many of them __10__ have been there already, and Scotland will be too far away.
Linda: Why not take them for a walk along the coast? It should be interesting.
Simon：Good idea! Linda. I'm sure they'll like it.
答案与解析
本文主要讲述了Linda 与Simon 对中国游客的英国之旅之前的筹备安排。
1．choices 考查名词。空前有数词three 修饰，故应用choose 的复数名词形式choices。
2．one 考查代词。one 表示泛指，用来指代上文中提到的单数可数名词，在本句中指代的是choice。
3．coming 考查非谓语动词。此处为with 的复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。“come up”为不及物动词短语，无被动形式，且与exam 构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。
4．changed 考查时态。but连接并列的谓语动词，在时态上两者一致。句意：他们开始说8人，但今早改成了6人。
5．the 考查冠词。schools 后有定语“in the district”修饰，故表示特指，应填the。
6．used 考查时态和语态。how 引起的宾语从句使用的是现在进行时的被动语态，形式为“is being used”。
7．what 考查连词。That's后为表语从句，从句缺少宾语，且由句意“那是他们此行的目的”可以推知，应填what。
8．so 考查连词。so 表示顺承或因果关系，承接上句“That's what they are coming for”，本句表示“因此我想让Todd 先生在第三天下午就此发表谈论”。
9．nicely 考查副词。修饰动词或动词短语应用副词，nice 应改为nicely。
10．may/might 考查情态动词。我们可以带他们去伦敦旅行，但他们很多人可能已经去过那，而且苏格兰也太远。由句意可知应填“may/might”，表示预测。
Passage 16
(2017·石家庄质检二)
Alice：Hi，Peter! I saw you on the 7 o'clock news last night.
Peter：Oh，yeah.
Alice：So tell us what happened?
Peter：I __1__(walk) alone on the beach when I heard someone__2__(call) out for help.I looked up and there on the headland was a little kid.He had climbed up the cliff(悬崖)and was stuck.
Alice：What did you do then?
Peter：My first thought was to run and get help，but the boy was crying.He looked as though he would fall at__3__moment.So I climbed up to get him down.The rocks were very loose.and I almost__4__(slip) a couple of times.I was beginning to think__5__wasn't a good idea to climb up there alone and that I__6__(get) help first.Then I reached the boy.__7__，I couldn't get him down.We were both stuck!
Alice：And then what did you do?
Peter：I shouted for help.Pretty soon there came__8__small crowd on the beach.One of them called the Coast Rescue Service.About five minutes__9__there appeared a helicopter overhead，and we__10__(rescue)．
答案与解析
本对话中Peter向Alice讲述了他在海边散步时营救一个孩子的艰难过程。
1．was walking 考查时态。根据语境可知，此处是在陈述过去的某一时间正在发生的事情，故应用过去进行时。
2．calling 考查非谓语动词。hear sb.doing sth.表示“听见某人正在做某事”，故填calling。
3．any 考查固定短语。at any moment是一个固定短语，表示“随时”。
4．slipped 考查时态。此处只是在叙述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时。
5．it 考查it做形式主语。此处it是形式主语，代替句中真正的主语“to climb up there alone”。
6．should have gotten 考查虚拟语气。Peter认为他本应该先寻求帮助，而不是一个人来营救孩子，故应用should have done表示“本应该做而没有做”。
7．However 考查副词。句中的“Then I reached the boy.”和“I couldn't get him down”是转折关系，故用However。
8．a 考查冠词。crowd表示“一群人”时是可数名词，故用a。
9．later 考查副词。句中的“there appeared a helicopter”说明，大约过了五分钟一架直升机出现了。故填later。
10．were rescued 考查时态和语态。主语we和动词rescue之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且陈述的是过去的事情，故应用were rescued。
Passage 17
(2017·贵州遵义省级示范高中第二次联考)
Radio presenter：Good afternoon. And welcome to our midweek Phonein.In today's program we're going to concentrate on personal problems. And here with me in the studio I've got Tessa Colbeck，__1__writes for Flash magazine, and Doctor Maurice Rex, Student Medical Adviser at the University of Norfolk. And we have our first caller on the line, and it's Rosemary__2__(call) from Manchester. Hello, Rosemary.
Rosemary：Hello.
Radio presenter：How can we help you, Rosemary?
Rosemary：Well it's my dad. He__3__(let) me stay out after ten o'clock at night but all my friends can stay out much longer than that. It's really embarrassing...
Tessa：Hello, Rosemary, love. Rosemary, how old are you dear?
Rosemary：I'm fifteen in two months'__4__.
Tessa：And where do you go at night?
Rosemary：Just to my friend's house, usually. But everyone else can stay there much__5__(long) than me. I have to leave at about a quarter__6__ten.
Tessa：And does this friend of yours...does she live near you?
Rosemary：It takes about ten minutes to walk from her house to__7__.
Tessa：I see. well, Manchester's quite a rough city, isn't it ? I mean, your dad...
Rosemary：No, not really.I don't live in the city center or anything like that. And Christine's house
is in a very quiet part.
Tessa：Christine. That's your friend, isn't it?
Rosemary：Yeah. That's
right. I mean，I know my dad gets worried.__8__，it's perfectly safe.
Maurice：Rosemary. Have you talked about this with your dad?
Rosemary：No. He just shouts and then he says he won't let me go out at all if I can't come home on time.
Maurice：Why don't you just try to sit down quietly with your dad？Sometime when he's__9__(relax), just have a quiet chat about it? It isn't always safe for young girls__10__(go) out at night.
Tessa：Yes. And maybe you could persuade him to come and pick you up from Christine's house once or twice.
Rosemary：Yes.I don't think he'll agree to that, but I'll talk to him about it. Thanks.
答案与解析
本文是一篇对话。在一个热线电话中讨论了女孩的父亲不让女孩晚上晚归的事情。
1．who 考查定语从句。根据句子结构来判断，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tessa Colbeck，指人，在从句中做主语，要用who引导。
2．calling 考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构来看，此处是非谓语动词做定语，修饰Rosemary，意思是“是从Manchester打来电话的Rosemary”。
3．won't let 考查谓语动词。句意：他不允许我在晚上10点之后还待在外边。根据句子后面的“but all my friends can stay out much longer”可知，这里表示否定的意思。
4．time 考查名词。再过两个月我就15岁了。in two months' time表示“再过两个月”。
5．longer 考查形容词比较级。句中表示“比我待的时间长”，因空后面有than，故要用形容词比较级。
6．to 考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“到9：45”，要用介词to。之前提到不能待到10点之后，故不用past。
7．mine 考查名词性物主代词。根据语境可以判断出，此处表示“我的家”，故要用名词性物主代词mine。
8．However/Anyway 考查副词。根据前后句意可知，此处表示转折，故要用However 或Anyway。
9．relaxed 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，这里表示的是“在你父亲放松时”。本句的主语为he，所以要用动词的ed形式，表示状态。
10．to go 考查动词不定式。根据此句的结构可知，it是形式主语，代替后面的动词不定式to go out。
Passage 18
(2017·河南新乡、许昌、平顶山第二次调研)
Wife：It's Friday today.
How do you want to spend the evening, darling?
Husband：Well, why not go__1__(dance)? We haven't done that__2__a long time.
Wife：Oh, to tell the truth, I don't really feel like going dancing tonight. I had a hard day and I'm sort of tired. What's more, I__3__(suppose) to go rock climbing with my colleague Dorothy tomorrow morning.
Husband：Well, in that__4__， we could go to the new movie Life of Pi by that worldfamous director Aug Lee. I really like his work，__5__will stop showing the day after tomorrow.
Wife：Oh, we go to the movies__6__much. Can't we do something different for a__7__，honey?
Husband：Well, do you have any suggestions?
Wife：Let me see. How do you feel about asking some friends over to play cards?
Husband：It's OK with me，__8__we don't have any beer or anything to eat at home.
Wife：Well，__9__is better to call Juliet and ask her and that neighbor of__10__， David, to come over, and I'll go to the store and buy some food and drinks.
Husband：OK. That's a good idea.
答案与解析
本对话谈论的是晚间活动。
1．dancing 考查固定搭配。go dancing“去跳舞”。为固定用法。
2．for 考查介词。for a long time“很久”。
3．am supposed 考查固定用法。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，为固定用法。
4．case 考查介词短语。in that case“在那种情况下”。
5．which 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是his work且在定语从句中做主语，故引导词用which。
6．too 考查副词。修饰形容词much应用副词too，表程度。
7．change 考查语境。根据句中的“something different”可知，此处表示要换个休闲的方式。
8．but 考查连词。根据句中的“we don’t have any beer or anything to eat at home”可知，前后为转折关系。故用but。
9．it 考查it做形式主语。句中的不定式“to call Juliet and ask her...over”是真正的主语，it在此处是形式主语。
10．hers 考查代词。根据句中的“her”和“neighbor of”可知，应用名词性物主代词。
Passage 19
(2017·哈尔滨三中一模)
David and Jack are talking about cyber relationships in their dorm.
David：Jack, you spend a lot of time on the Internet every day.What do you frequently use it for?
Jack：I usually surf__1__net, read news and anything I am interested in, check emails or chat with other people. Sometimes I order online too.
Maybe
I
can find
a girlfriend online like a fairy tale.
David：Well, I see. That's__2__you are so stuck to it.
Jack：I know dozens of websites provide dating service.Curiosity and the need for companionship make them a surefire business.I recommend that you__3__(try)Baihe.com.
David：To be__4__， I really can't understand how__5__people depend on that way to make friends. It's kind of risky.
Jack：Yes, but it's also one of the easiest and fastest ways to meet new people.
David：Sounds good. But it is full of traps on the Internet, and some people have really__6__(please) experience about online dating.
Jack：It's true，__7__some people did find their betterhalf through online dating.
David：__8__， I won't try that way to make my girlfriend.
Jack：Don't be so sure. If you__9__(happen) to meet a girl online who is intelligent, kind, honest, and you get a good feeling of her, won't you have the desire to get to know her__10__person?
David：I won't have such a chance in the first place, for I never enter the chat room.
Jack：Maybe one man's meat is another's poison.
David：That's right.
答案与解析
本对话是关于两个人在谈论网上交友的好处和弊端。
1．the 考查冠词。surf the net为固定短语，意为“上网”。
2．why 考查名词性从句。此处是在说明Jack沉迷网络的原因，故用why引导表语从句。
3．(should)try 考查虚拟语气。在动词recommend之后的宾语从句中，需要用虚拟语气，即谓语用abould do的形式，should可以省略。
4．frank/honest 考查固定短语。根据语境可知，此处表示“坦白地说”，故填frank或honest。
5．come 考查固定用法。这里表示我真的不明白人们怎么会靠那种方法来交朋友。How come...？意为“……怎么会呢？(表示凉讶)”，符合语境。
6．unpleasant 考查形容词。修饰名词需要用please的形容词形式，又根据上文的But可知，此处表示的是不好的经历。故填unpleasant。
7．but 考查连词。空后的内容和上句表述的相反，空处表转折，所以填but。
8．Anyway 考查副词。根据该空后的“I won't try that way to make my girlfriend”可知，David想说无论如何他也不会尝试在网上交女朋友。
9．happen 考查时态。if引导的条件状语中应使用一般现在时表将来。
10．in 考查介词。in person意为“亲自”，符合语境。
Passage 20
(2017·郑州第二次质量预测)
Tim：Hi, Susan. I've been wondering when I'd run into you. What are you busy with?
Susan：Nice to meet you here，Tim. I'm buying some Christmas gifts for those __1__ work with me，but it's really __2__ headache.
Tim：Maybe I could give you some advice. Firstly, you should consider __3__ (divide) them into different groups—who are the people that are your friends as well as your workmates and who are the people you don't know well __4__ see pretty much daily.
Susan：OK，then __5__
should I do?
Tim：For the friends, you can buy __6__ some personal gifts. Chocolate, for example.
Susan：This is what I always give, but I know one of my friends，Mary，is
__7__
a diet.
Tim：Does she like fruit or coffee? Anyway, think of the gift that you know your friend likes.
Susan：Well, I think fruit is helpful to keep __8__ (health). What about others?
Tim：You can send them cards.
Susan：Christmas cards?
Tim：Yes, you can afford them. More
__9__
(important), it reminds them that you're thinking of them.
Susan：Thank you for your suggestion，Tim. You __10__
(help)me out.
答案与解析
这是一篇对话。两个朋友见面，其中一个人告诉对方如何给不同的人购买圣诞礼物。
1．who 考查定语从句。本空需要关系代词引导定语从句修饰先行词those，关系代词在从句中做主语，指人，因此这里用who引导定语从句。
2．a 考查冠词。语境表示这是一件令人头疼的事，因此在单数可数名词headache 前加a。
3．dividing 考查非谓语动词。所给提示词在句中做consider 后的宾语，consider 后只能接动名词做宾语。
4．but 考查并列连词。语境表示“不是很了解但是平时经常见面”，是转折关系，故用转折连词but。
5．what 考查疑问词。这个问句用what 表疑问，疑问词在句中做do的宾语，表示“那么我该做什么呢？”
6．them 考查代词。这里用them 指前面提到的复数名词“the friends”。
7．on 考查固定短语。这里用on a diet 表示“节食”。
8．healthy 考查形容词。这里用所给提示词的形容词形式做keep 的表语，表示“健康的”。
9．importantly 考查副词。这里用所给提示词的副词形式做状语。
10．have helped 考查时态。这里用现在完成时表示延续到现在的动作。
Passage 21
(2017·河北保定一模)
Robert：Oh，look at the sky，Betty! It looks like rain.
Betty：I hope it won't rain.
Robert：That's __1__ the department was hoping for when they chose today as the date for the annual picnic.
Betty：We cannot have a picnic __2__ good weather. We need sunshine for all the games and entertainment.
Robert：Yeah, sunshine—__3__ not too much! Do you remember last year?
Betty：Surely I do. It was so hot that all we did was to look for shade and look for ways to
__4__
from the sun.
Robert：And no one wanted to participate in any of the games. All we wanted was cold drinks.
Betty：If there __5__ (be) a little wind to cool us off...
Robert：But there wasn't. Just the burning sun and we nearly got __6__ (burn)．
Betty：__7__ (obvious) we don't have that problem this year. Did you hear the weather forecast?
Robert：No. I was watching a football match and forgot
__8__ (stop) it for the weather forecast. Maybe it will only be a short shower, which cools things off a little. That __9__
not be bad.
Betty：Wish __10__ were true.
答案与解析
本文为一篇关于讨论天气情况的对话。Betty要去野餐，需要晴朗的天气，但却要下雨了。她和Robert回忆起去年的炎热天气。
1．what 考查表语从句。分析句子成分可知，系动词后接的是表语从句，而且从句中缺少宾语，所以填what。
2．without 考查介词。句意：没有好天气我们就不能野餐。
3．but 考查连词。这里表示转折关系，句意：是的，阳光灿烂——但是不要太热。
4．escape/shelter 考查动词。句意：天气如此热以至于我们所做的就是寻找阴凉的地方和逃离太阳的办法。escape/shelter from是固定短语，表示“逃离，躲避”。
5．had been 考查虚拟语气。根据上文炎热的天气可知，此处为对过去的虚拟，所以用过去完成时态，表示“要是有一些风让我们感到凉爽就好了”。
6．burned/burnt 句意：但是没有风，只有火辣辣的太阳，我们几乎就要被烤伤了。
7．Obviously 考查副词。副词在句首做状语。句意：显然，我们今年没有这样的问题。
8．to stop 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”。句意：我正在看足球比赛，忘记停下来去看天气预报了。
9．may/might 考查情态动词。此处may/might表示推测，具有可能性。句意：也许只是阵雨，那会使我们凉爽一些，那也许并不糟糕。
10．it 考查代词。指代谈话双方所期待的天气。
Passage 22
(2017·银川一中下学期第一次模拟)
Patient：Thank you for agreeing to see me on such short notice, doctor.
Doctor：Anything for my favorite patient ! Now, what seems to be __1__ matter?
Patient：It's my vision. I can't see well at night, and
__2__ I wake up in the morning, it takes me a few minutes before I can see clearly.
Doctor：OK. I'm going to take a __3__ (close) look. Just relax. How
__4__ has this been going on?
Patient：A couple of weeks. I guess...wow，that's right!
Doctor：Does __5__ hurt when I do that?
Patient：Not exactly. It's just really bright.
Doctor：OK. Please, go on.
Patient：Well，I __6__
(walk) down to the basement in my house about three weeks ago when I slipped and bumped my head pretty hard on the steps.
Doctor：Where exactly did you hit __7__ head?
Patient：Right on the back. I heard a loud sound when I hit it,
but there was no blood and everything seemed to be okay.
Doctor：You didn't get it __8__ (check) out then?
Patient：My wife said I should, but nothing was wrong, so I thought，why bother? Well，a week passed and all of a sudden I started to have problems with my sight. I first noticed it when I was driving back home __9__
work. It's gotten worse over the past week or so.
Doctor：I'm glad you came to see me. I'm going to order some tests，and I want to make an appointment for you to see a specialist tomorrow morning.
__10__ (hope), it's nothing too serious.
答案与解析
本文主要讲述了一位病人因视力问题去医院就诊的故事。
1．the 考查固定句式。“what's the matter？”表示“怎么了？”，用以询问病人病情。
2．when 考查连词。后半句意为：当我早上醒来的时候，要花几分钟的时间才能看清。由句意可知，应填when。
3．closer 考查形容词。“take a look”表示“查看”，在医生询问病情之后，还需“更加近地”查看，故填closer。
4．long 考查特殊疑问词。由答语“A couple of weeks”可以推断，问句提问的是出现这种病情持续的时间，故用“How long”提问。
5．it 考查代词。句意：我那么做，这个地方会痛吗？由句意可以推断，it指代的是医生按压的部位。
6．was walking 考查固定句式。“be doing...when...”表示“正在做某事，忽然间……”，为固定句式。句意：三周之前我正朝着地下室走去的时候，忽然间滑倒，把头重重地撞到台阶上。
7．your 考查定语。句意：你具体是在什么地方碰着你的头的？由句意可知，应填your。
8．checked 考查非谓语动词。it指代“头”，在句中做宾语，空处在句中做宾语补足语，“check out(检查)”与“head”之间构成动宾关系。
9．from 考查介词。“from work”表示“从工作地点”。句意：我第一次注意到这个问题是在我下班开车回家的时候。
10．Hopefully 考查副词。空处在句中做状语，修饰主句，应用hope的副词形式。
Passage 23
(2017·河北名校名师俱乐部模拟)
Daughter：Uh, Dad. Are you going to miss me when I leave __1__ college next week?
Dad：Of course I'll miss you and be worried about you. Okay, let's go over the todo list. Do you __2__
everything prepared? I mean，have you __3__ (pay) your tuition and housing fees by the deadline? Because, you know, __4__you don't, you'll lose your class schedule, and you have to register all over again.
Daughter：Yeah，I dealt with that a few days ago.
Dad：Okay, have you signed up for the meal plan at the university __5__ you don't have to eat instant noodles every day?
Daughter：Yes，but Mom said I could __6__
a bag of rice and some canned food from home to get me started.
Dad：Uh, well, yeah. And you should also set up an
__7__ (appoint) with your academic advisor __8__ (help) you select future classes, right? You know, business administration will be a great major for you. And there're many future possibilities... a great salary and opportunities to make a difference in the community...
Daughter：Dad, I changed my major.
Dad：What? You changed your major?
Daughter：Yeah. I really thought about __9__ for quite a while. After talking it over with Mom，I've decided to major in wildlife science. I want
__10__
degree in wildlife science.
答案与解析
临上大学之前，女儿问父亲是否会想念她，父亲作出了肯定回答并询问了女儿在临行前的准备工作是否做好，如学杂费、就餐问题、与导师联系，最后父亲意外地发现女儿换了专业。
1．for 考查固定搭配。“leave for...”表示“动身去……”，为固定搭配，故填for。
2．have/get 考查动词。句意：你是不是把所有的东西都准备好了？由句意可知，空处应填使役动词，“have/get sth.done”表示“使某事被做”。
3．paid 考查时态。本句为一般疑问句，由助动词“have”提示可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，构成形式为“have/has done”。故填paid。
4．if 考查连词。句意：如果你不在截止日期之前支付学费和住宿费，你就不知道课程安排，并且还要重新注册。由句意可知，空处引导条件状语从句，故填if。
5．so/so that 考查连词。“注册报名学校的用餐计划”和“不必每天吃方便面”之间构成因果关系，故填so/so that。
6．take 考查动词。句意：但是妈妈说，刚开始的时候，我可以从家带一袋大米和一些罐装食物。由句意可知，应填take。
7．appointment 考查名词。空前有an修饰，故应填appoint的名词形式appointment。
8．to help 考查非谓语动词。句意：你也应该和你的学业导师约定一下，来帮你选未来的课程，对吗？由句意可知，应填to help，不定式在句中做目的状语。
9．it it考查代词。it指代问句中提到的“换专业”这件事。
10．a 考查冠词。句意：我想获得野生动物科学专业的学位。a在此处表示泛指。
创新预测
Passage 1
I remember my first Christmas adventure with Grandma.
I remember tearing across town __1__ my bike to visit her on the day my big sister dropped the bomb. “There is no Santa Claus，” she laughed. “Even dummies (傻瓜) know that！” I __2__ (flee) to Grandma __3__ I knew she would be straight with me. She always told the truth.
“No Santa Claus？” she said.
“Ridiculous! Don't believe __4__. Put on your coat, and let's go.”
“Go where, Grandma？” I asked.
As we walked through the doors of the general store, Grandma handed me ten dollars and said, “Buy something for someone __5__ needs it. I'll wait for you in the car.”
I was only eight years old. Never had I shopped for anything all by myself.
For a few moments I just stood there,
__6__ (wonder) what to buy, and who __7__ (buy) it for. I thought of everybody I knew. Then I thought about Bobbie Decker.
He was my classmate with bad breath and __8__
(mess) hair, and he sat right behind me. He didn't have a coat. I knew that because he never went out to play games during the winter. I fingered __9__ bill with growing __10__ (excite). I would buy Bobbie a coat.
答案与解析
当作者的姐姐告诉她世上没有圣诞老人时，作者马上跑到奶奶那里去求证，并与奶奶度过了一个难忘的圣诞节。
1．on on one's/the/a bike 是固定搭配，相当于by bike。
2．fled 根据全文可知此处应使用一般过去时，flee 的过去式为fled。
3．because/as 因为作者相信奶奶会对她说真话，所以立马跑到奶奶那儿去求证。故用because 或 as引导原因状语从句。
4．it/that 此处用it或that 指代There is no Santa Claus.这句话。
5．who/that 先行词为someone，故用who 或 that 引导定语从句。
6．wondering 逻辑主语I与动词wonder 是主谓关系，所以要用现在分词形式。
7．to buy 本空与what to buy 构成平行结构。
8．messy 修饰名词hair，所以用mess 的形容词形式messy。
9．the 此处特指上文奶奶给的ten dollars。
10．excitement 作介词with的宾语，要用名词，且excitement 为不可数名词。
Passage 2
In order to know a foreign language well, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear __1__ spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation. __2__， we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success __3__ language learning. __4__ good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only __5__ (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and __6__ meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language.
__7__ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of __8__ (advise) for those __9__ are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and __10__ (write) the language whenever we can.
答案与解析
为了更好地掌握一门外语，有四种能力是必需的——听、说、读、写，并且必须学以致用。
1．it it 为代词，指代前面的the language。
2．Thirdly 根据上下文以及firstly, secondly, and fourthly 可知此处表上下承接关系，此空指“第三点”。
3．in success in(doing) sth. 意为“在……方面的成功”，为固定用法。
4．A 句意：好的记忆力是很有帮助的。此处good memory 泛指“好的记忆力”，memory 为可数名词单数，所以用a。
5．to memorize It is enough to do... 为固定句型，意为“做……是足够的”。it 为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。
6．their 设空处指代words，空后为名词，因此用their 作定语。
7．If if 表示假设，引导条件状语从句。
8．advice of 后接名词，且“建议”为不可数名词。a piece of advice 意为“一条建议”。
9．who 此处用who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。
10．writing practice 后接动名词，表示“练习做某事”；此处与speaking 是并列成分。
Passage 3
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu launched an attack against the State of Yue. The king of Wu was seriously wounded and soon died. __1__ son Fu Chai became the new king. Fu was determined to revenge (复仇). He trained his army strictly __2__ it was a perfect fighting force. Three years later, he led his army __3__ the State of Yue and caught its king Gou Jian.
In order to revenge his father's __4__ (die), Fu let Gou live in a shabby stone house by his father's tomb and ordered Gou to raise horses for him. Gou pretended to be loyal to Fu
__5__ he never forgot his humiliation (羞辱). Many years later, he __6__ (set) free. Gou secretly accumulated a military force after he went back to his own state. In order to make himself tougher he slept on firewood and tasted a gallbladder __7__
having dinner and going to bed every night. At the same time he administered his state carefully, __8__ (develop) agriculture. After a few years, his
country
became
strong.
Then
Gou
seized
a
favorable opportunity to wipe off the State of Wu.
Later, people use it to describe one __9__
stands selfimposed (自愿接受的) hardships to __10__ (strong) his determination and realize his ambition.
答案与解析
文章讲述了越王勾践卧薪尝胆的故事。
1．His 此处指代the king of Wu，空后为名词，故用his。
2．until until 意为“直到……”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
3．against 句意：三年后，他率领军队与越国交战……。介词against 在此表示“和……交战”。
4．death 根据his father's 可知，此处用名词。
5．but 根据语境可知，此处用but表转折。
6．was set set sb. free 意为“释放某人”，依照句意“勾践被释放”可知此处用被动语态。
7．before 根据故事及常识可知，勾践是在吃饭和睡觉前尝苦胆。before 意为“在……之前”。
8．developing he 与 develop 之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。
9．who 先行词为one，指人，因此用who引导定语从句。
10．strengthen 根据前面的to以及后面的one's determination 可知此处用动词形式。
Passage 4
I was going to the store one cold evening and as I was approaching the store there __1__ a man in the front of the store. He looked at me and said really loud
“Hi”．
I replied, “Hi, how are you？” He said “I am fine.” and then he looked at me as if he recognized me and asked, “__2__
is your mother？”
Of course, I didn't know what to say to that question
__3__ my mother had been
__4__
(die) for several years. I found this really strange so I finally said, “She is fine, thank you and how are you？”
He also said he was fine. I then answered, “Good. Can I do __5__ to help you at all？” All he said __6__ he really could use a hug. I __7__
(hug) for a while this poor soul and a stranger. I said, “Where are you staying? Do you __8__ a ride？” He said, “No, I have my bike. I am living at the Church down the street.” I answered, “Let me give you something. It's not much, but that is all I can afford.” So I took out $10 __9__ my purse and gave it to him then went home. To tell you the truth, I always feel __10__ (help) others is really great.
答案与解析
文章讲述了在一个很冷的晚上，作者在商店门前帮助一个陌生人的故事。作者一直认为帮助别人是一件很伟大的事情。
1．was 根据全文可知应用一般过去时，而且句子主语为单数名词，故用was。
2．How 根据下文的内容，这里是问“你妈妈好吗？”，故用how。how 提问时可指“(健康情况等)怎么样”。
3．because 根据上下文的逻辑关系可知，从句部分表示原因。
4．dead 此处用die 的形容词形式，作表语，表状态。
5．anything anything 用在疑问句和否定句中。句意：我能帮你做点什么吗？
6．was 句子主语all he said 为单数，结合全文时态及句意可知应用一般过去时was。
7．hugged 根据全文可知，本空应用一般过去时。
8．need 句意：你需要坐车吗？
9．from 句意：我从我的钱包里掏出10美元。
10．helping ________ others 在宾语从句中作主语，所以应用help 的动名词形式。
Passage 5
Lori：Good morning, Chuck. Are you here __1__ (wait) for Professor Johnson?
Chuck：Oh, yes. Good morning, Lori. The professor asked me to come here __2__ (have) an interview. Do you know something about the job as __3__ teacher's assistant?
Lori：Oh, yes. I know all about it __4__ I have work experience in this field. Last year, I did it for a long time.
Chuck：Really? How did you like __5__？
Lori：Well, actually I think it was __6__ (good) I had ever had at school. I was paid nine dollars an hour, which __7__(be) three dollars more than what the school post office paid us.
Chuck：Yeah, I bet this is a good salary. But what did you do?
Lori：My responsibility was to help Professor Johnson grade the students' homework. It wasn't hard and the professor was always available __8__ there were any questions. I __9__ improve myself through doing this job.
Chuck：I think I would enjoy this kind of work. But I'm a little worried about how much __10__ it might take.
Lori：Only about five or six hours a week and you can do that in your room.
Chuck：It sounds good.
答案与解析
对话双方讨论了一份助教工作的薪水、职责等。
1．waiting wait与主语you 是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
2．to have “进行面试”是come here 的目的，故用不定式作目的状语。
3．a 这里泛指“一个教师助理”，故用不定冠词a。
4．because 空格后是对前面的解释，即空格处引导原因状语从句，故用because。
5．it 指代上文提到的“作教师助理”这件事，故用it。
6．the best 句意：实际上我认为那是我在学校里做过的最好的(工作)。句意暗含最高级意义，故用the best。
7．was 非限制性定语从句的引导词which 在从句中作主语，指代金钱(nine dollars)，故用单数形式；根据前面的was 可知，应用一般过去时，故用was。
8．if/when 所填词引导状语从句，表示“如果”，故用if；也可以理解为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，用when。
9．could 表示过去的可能性，用could。
10．time 根据下文的Only about five or six hours a week可知，此处指花费的时间，故用time。