课时提升作业(十七)
选修6 Unit2
(建议用时40分钟)
. 单项填空
1. ________ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ________ her.
A. Warned; accompanied
B. Having warned; accompanying
C. Warning; accompanying
D. Having been warned; accompanying
【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 被警告晚上在街上有危险, 她不得不由一位朋友陪着回家。结合语境, 主语she与warn之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词或现在分词的完成被动式; 在“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中, friend与作宾语补足语的动词accompany之间是主动关系, 用现在分词。故答案选D。
【加固训练】
Having been warned of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, ________ by a friend of hers.
A. having accompanied B. accompanied
C. accompanying
D. being accompanied
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作状语。结合语境, 主语she与动词accompany之间为动宾关系, 所以要用过去分词, 相当于who was accompanied by a friend of hers。
2. We were just ________ calling you up ________ you came in.
A. about; when B. on the point of; while
C. on the point of; when
D. on the point of; as
【解析】选C。句意: 你进来时我们正要给你打电话。be on the point of doing sth. when“正要做某事, 这时……”是一个固定句型。when在此处是并列连词, 相当于and at this/that time。
【加固训练】
We were just ________ call you up ________ you came in.
A. about to; when B. on the point of; while
C. on the point of; when
D. about to; as
【解析】选A。考查句型。固定表达be about to do sth. when. . . 表示“正要做某事这时突然……”。
3. (2017·兴化模拟) ________ from a novel, the film Night at the Museum brings to life a world where dinosaurs wander the earth.
A. To be adapted B. Adapting
C. Having adapted
D. Adapted
【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语the film与adapt之间为被动关系, 所以要用过去分词形式作状语。
4. ________ this, teams should start looking for a bigger purpose in what they are doing.
A. As a result of B. Instead of
C. At the close of
D. Apart from
【解析】选D。句意: 除此之外, 团队应该开始为自己的工作寻求一个更远大的目标。apart from除了……以外。
5. As we all know, strong winds generally ________ the rain.
A. accomplish B. account
C. accommodate
D. accompany
【解析】选D。句意: 我们都知道, 狂风一般都伴随着雨。accomplish完成; account解释; accommodate容纳, 适应; accompany伴随。
6. (2017·沭阳模拟)We human beings should be very careful with what we do with nature, ________ power is beyond our understanding.
A. that B. which
C. whose
D. where
【解析】选C。考查非限制性定语从句。句意: 我们人类应该谨慎对待自然, (因为)它的力量超乎我们的想象。句中有逗号, 是非限制性定语从句, 排除A, 先行词是nature, power与nature是所属关系, 故用whose引导。
【解题技巧】如何选择定语从句的关系词
(1)通读全句, 找准先行词。
(2)将先行词放回定语从句中, 判断先行词在定语从句中充当句子的什么成分。
(3)如果先行词在从句中作主语或宾语, 那就选择关系代词that, which, who或whom, 再根据是指人还是指物进行选择。
(4)如果我们发现从句不缺主语也不缺宾语, 而把先行词放回定语从句中, 先行词前需添加一个介词句子才能完整, 则只能选关系副词, 再根据是指时间、地点还是原因来选择when, where或why。
(5)先行词如果在从句中需要变为所有格(也就是表示“……的”), 就选whose。7. The project ________ by the end of 2017 will greatly expand the city’s telephone network.
A. accomplished
B. being accomplished
C. to be accomplished
D. having accomplished
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作定语。句意: 这个到2017年年底竣工的工程将大大扩展这个城市的电话网络。动词不定式的被动形式表示“将要被……”, 作project的定语。
【加固训练】
The project ________ by the end of 2011 greatly expanded the city’s telephone network.
A. accomplished B. being accomplished
C. to be accomplished
D. having accomplished
【解析】选A。根据时间状语by the end of 2011可知, 此工程已经完工, 名词project与动词accomplish之间为动宾关系, 所以要用过去分词作后置定语。分词的完成式形式不可作后置定语, 只能作状语。
8. After ________ by the police for several days, the robber had to give in.
A. surrounding B. surrounded
C. surround
D. being surrounded
【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 在被警察包围了几天之后, 那个抢劫犯最终屈服了。after是介词, 后面的动词要用doing形式, 后面的主语the robber与surround之间是被动关系, 所以选择D。
9. (2017·诸暨模拟)The headmaster has promised us that we shall be told ________ the results of the exam come out.
A. in case B. every time
C. ever since
D. the instant
【解析】选D。考查连词用法。句意: 校长向我们承诺, 考试结果一出来就通知我们。此处the instant相当于连词, 表示“一……就……”。
【加固训练】
The headmaster has promised us that we shall be told ________ the results of the exam come out.
A. until B. though
C. since
D. instantly
【解析】选D。考查连词用法。句意: 校长向我们承诺, 考试结果一出来就通知我们。此处instantly相当于连词as soon as, 表示“一……就……”。
10. (2017·绍兴一中模拟)I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or ________ his job.
A. quits B. to quit
C. quitting
D. quit
【解析】选D。考查固定用法。either. . . or. . . 要么……要么……, 这是一个表示选择关系的短语。位于情态动词should后, 所以都使用动词原形。
11. (2017·南京模拟)Half of the medical supplies have already been ________ to the victims of the earthquake.
A. separated B. divided
C. allocated
D. allowed
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 一半的医疗用品已经被分配给了地震的受害者。separate分离; divide分成; allocate分配; allow允许。
12. (2017·徐州模拟)Teddy came to my ________ with a cheque of $200 to pay my room rent, after I told him that my wallet had been stolen.
A. attendance B. assistance
C. rescue
D. safety
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 在我告诉Teddy我的钱包被偷之后, 他拿着一张200美元的支票来帮助我付房租。attendance出席, 参加; assistance帮助; rescue拯救; safety安全。come to one’s assistance来帮助某人。
13. He ________ exercise and a good diet as the key to a healthy life.
A. assumed B. adopted
C. advocated
D. convinced
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 他主张锻炼和好的饮食是健康生活的关键要素。assume承担, 假定, 采取; adopt采用, 采纳, 收养; advocate提倡, 主张, 支持; convince说服, 使确信, 使信服。根据句意可知答案选C。【加固训练】
Some people advocated that the government ________ stricter measures over the second mortgage on the house.
A. took
B. would take
C. take
D. takes
【解析】选C。advocate表示“提倡, 主张”时, 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气, 即谓语部分要用(should)do形式。故答案为C。
14. Take scary rides in the park and you will know what it feels like ________ through the air and take off in a rocket.
A. falling B. to fall
C. having fallen
D. fall
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。what为feel like的宾语, it为形式主语, 真正的主语为后面的不定式to fall. . . 。
【误区警示】
本题可能会误选A。误认为此处是考查feel like doing. . . , 而没有认真分析句子结构和准确理解句意。所以做题时, 准确理解句子的结构和其逻辑意义是提高得分率的关键。
15. When we are getting excited, angry or scared, our bodies also ________ many physical changes.
A. go over
B. go around
C. go through
D. go far
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 当我们变得兴奋、生气或恐惧时, 我们的身体也经历许多物理变化。go over仔细检查; go around拜访, 传播; go through经历, 经受; go far走远, 成功。
. 完形填空
My name is Nick Vujicic, an Australian who was born without any limbs(四肢). In recent years one of my most 1 videos on YouTube shows my skateboarding, surfing, playing music, and best of all, 2 hugs from all fields of great people.
All in all, those are pretty ordinary 3 that just about anyone can do, right? So 4 do you think that video has been viewed millions of times? My theory is that people are 5 to watch it because in spite of my physical limitations, I’m living 6 I had no limits.
People often think someone 7 a severe disability to be inactive, upset, maybe even crazy. But I’d like to 8 them by showing that I lead a very adventurous and fruitful life.
Among the hundreds of 9 on that video, here’s one typical remark: “Seeing a guy like this being happy makes me wonder why I feel 10 for myself sometimes—or feel not funny enough, or whatever. How can I 11 think thoughts like that when this guy is living without limbs and still being happy? ”
I found happiness when I realized that 12 as I may be, I am the perfect Nick Vujicic. I’m designed 13 God’s plan. That’s not to say that there isn’t 14 for improvement. I’m always trying to be better so I can better 15 the world!
I do believe my life has no 16 . I want you all to feel the same way about your life, no matter what your challenges may be. As we 17 our journey together, please take a moment to 18 about any limitations you’ve placed on your life. Now think about what 19 would be like to be 20 of those limitations. What would your life be if anything were possible?
【文章大意】本文讲述的是, 作者作为一个残疾人并不悲观, 相反他很活跃, 他滑滑板、冲浪、演奏音乐, 参加各种各样的活动。他的事迹感动了很多人, 也激励了很多人。作者通过这篇文章来鼓励大家要摆脱生活中那些限制的束缚, 快乐地生活。
1. A. disappointing B. unforgettable
C. popular
D. useful
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。Nick Vujicic天生残疾, 他最受欢迎之一的一个在YouTube播放的录像展示了他滑滑板、冲浪以及演奏音乐的景象。popular受欢迎的; disappointing令人失望的; unforgettable让人难忘的; useful有用的。故选C。
2. A. receiving
B. collecting
C. returning
D. gathering
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。得到了来自各个领域的伟大的人们的拥抱。receive获得; collect收集; return返回; gather聚集。故选A。
3. A. sports B. activities
C. affairs
D. wonders
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。那是每个人都能做到的相当普通的活动。activity活动; sport运动; affair事件; wonder疑问, 奇观。故选B。
4. A. how B. what C. when D. why
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。你认为那个录像为什么数百万次地被观看? why为什么; how怎样; what什么; when什么时候。故选D。
5. A. drawn B. expected
C. required
D. ordered
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。我认为人们被这些所吸引, 那就是我的身体条件受限制, 但是我的生活却好像不受限制, 故选A, be drawn to被……所吸引; expect期盼; require要求; order命令。故选A。
6. A. even though B. in case
C. as though
D. if only
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。我好像没有限制地活着。as though好像; even though即使; in case以防; if only要是……就好了。故选C。
7. A. of B. from
C. in
D. with
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。人们经常认为有着严重身体残疾的人会消极、烦乱甚至疯狂。with表示“带着”, 故选D。
8. A. advise B. greet
C. surprise
D. please
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我希望通过向他们展示我过着非常冒险而且硕果累累的生活来让他们感到惊讶。surprise使惊讶; advise建议; greet打招呼; please使高兴。故选C。
9. A. comments B. pictures
C. replies
D. statements
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。根据here’s one typical remark: “Seeing a guy like this being happy . . . ”我们知道这是评论。在对这个录像的成百上千种评论中, comment评论; picture图片; reply回答; statement声明。故选A。10. A. nervous B. sorry
C. eager
D. desperate
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。看到这样一个人如此快乐, 我想为什么有时我还会为自己或任何东西感到抱歉, 感到不够快乐呢? sorry难过, 抱歉; nervous紧张的; eager急切的, 渴望的; desperate绝望的。故选B。
11. A. still B. ever
C. also
D. even
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。当一个没有四肢的人过得那么幸福快乐, 我怎么能够甚至是有像这样的想法? even甚至; still仍然; ever曾经; also也。故选D。
12. A. excellent B. imperfect
C. foolish
D. intelligent
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。当我意识到尽管我自己不完美, 我却是完美的Nick Vujicic, 我感到很幸福。imperfect不完美的, 有缺陷的, 符合上下文, 故选B。
13. A. according to
B. thanks to
C. owing to
D. up to
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。根据上帝的旨意, 我被设计。according to根据; thanks to多亏; owing to归功于; up to直到。故选A。
14. A. stage B. area
C. place
D. room
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。并不是说, 没有可改进的空间, room空间; stage舞台; area区域; place地方。故选D。
15. A. protect B. rescue
C. serve
D. reserve
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我总是努力变得更好, 这样我就可以更好地为世界服务。serve为……服务; protect保护; rescue拯救; reserve保存。故选C。
16. A. challenges B. limits
C. doubts
D. endings
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。我确实认为我的生活没有受限制。根据第二段because in spite of my physical limitations, I’m living ________ I had no limits. 可知要用limit(限制), challenge挑战; doubt怀疑; ending结尾。故选B。
17. A. finish B. continue
C. start
D. stop
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。当我们一起开始我们的旅程时。start开始; finish完成; continue继续; stop停止。故选C。
18. A. worry B. think
C. care
D. talk
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。花点时间想想你在生活中设下的限制。think about考虑; worry about担心; care about关心; talk about谈论。故选B。
19. A. we B. one
C. it
D. you
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据please take a moment to ________ about any limitations you’ve placed on your life. 可知这里要代替life, 所以用it。现在想想如果没有这些限制的束缚, 生活会是怎样。故选C。
20. A. free B. short
C. aware
D. fond
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。摆脱那些限制的束缚, 会是什么样子, be free of摆脱; be short of缺乏; be aware of意识到; be fond of喜欢。故选A。
. 阅读理解
(2017·江苏四市联考)
Hacking our senses to boost learning power
Some schools are pumping music, noises and pleasant smells into the classroom to see if it improves exam results. Could it work? Why do songs stick in our heads? What does your school smell like? Is it noisy or peaceful?
It might not seem important, but a growing body of research suggests that smells and sounds can have an impact on learning, performance and creativity. Indeed, some head teachers have recently taken to broadcasting noises and pumping smells into their schools to see whether it can boost grades. Is there anything in it? And if so, what are the implications for the way we work and study?
There is certainly some well-established research to suggest that some noises can have a harmful effect on learning. Numerous studies over the past 15 years have found that children attending schools under the flight paths of large airports fall behind in their exam results. Bridget Shield, a professor of acoustics(声学)at London South Bank University, and Julie Dockrell, from the Institute of Education, have been conducting studies on the effects of all sorts of noises, such as traffic and sirens(汽笛), as well as noise generated by the children themselves. When they recreated those particular sounds in an experimental setting while children completed various learning tasks, they found a significant negative effect on exam scores. “Everything points to a bad impact of the noise on children’s performance, in numeracy, in literacy, and in spelling, ”says Shield. The noise seemed to have an especially harmful effect on children with special needs.
Whether background sounds are beneficial or not seems to depend on what kind of noise it is—and the volume. In a series of studies published last year, Ravi Mehta from the College of Business at Illinois and his colleagues tested people’s creativity while exposed to a soundtrack made up of background noises—such as coffee-shop chatter and construction-site drilling—at different volumes. They found that people were more creative when the background noises were played at a medium level than when the volume was low. Loud background noise, however, damaged their creativity.
Many teachers all over the world already play music to students in class. Many are inspired by the belief that hearing music can boost IQ in later tasks, the so-called Mozart effect. While the evidence actually suggests it’s hard to say classical music boosts brainpower, researchers do think pleasant sounds before a task can sometimes lift your mood and help you perform well, says Perham, who has done his own studies on the phenomenon. The key appears to be that you enjoy what you’re hearing. “If you like the music or you like the sound—even listening to a novel—then you do better. It doesn’t matter about the music, ”he says.
So, it seems that schools that choose to prevent disturbing noises and create positive soundscapes could enhance the learning of their students, so long as they make careful choices. Yet this isn’t the only sense being used to affect learning. Special educational needs students at Sydenham high school in London are being encouraged to revise different subjects in the presence of different smells—grapefruit scents for maths, lavender for French and spearmint for history.
【文章大意】一些学校在教室里播放音乐, 并使教室充满使人愉悦的味道, 他们这样做的目的是想了解这样做是否能提高学生的考试成绩。本文作者通过对几个实验的介绍来说明适当的音乐和使人愉悦的味道对学生的确会起到积极的作用。
1. The four questions in the first paragraph are meant to ________ .
A. create some sense of humour to please the readers
B. provide the most frequently asked questions in schools nowadays
C. hold the readers’ attention and arouse their curiosity to go on reading
D. declare the purpose of the article: to try to offer key to those questions
【解析】选C。推理判断题。本文介绍了音乐和味道对人思维和智力的影响, 作者在开头提出问题是为了引出话题, 同时引起读者的兴趣。
2. What does the conclusion of the studies of noise conducted by Bridget Shield and Julie Dockrell suggest?
A. Peaceful music plays an active role in students’ learning.
B. Not all noises have a negative impact on children’s performance.
C. We should create for school children a more peaceful environment.
D. Children with special needs might be exposed to some particular sounds.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段对Bridget Shield和Julie Dockrell实验结果的介绍可知, 噪音影响孩子们的成绩, 所以我们要为孩子们营造一个更安静的学习环境。
3. Ravi Mehta’s experiment indicates that ________ .
A. students’ creativity improves in a quiet environment
B. we may play some Mozart music while students are learning
C. a proper volume of background noises does improve creativity
D. noise of coffee-shop chatter is better than that of construction-site drilling【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段Ravi Mehta的实验结果可知, 适当音量的背景音乐会提升人们的创造力。
4. Towards the positive impact of appropriate background sound and smell on students’ learning and creativity, the author’s attitude is ________ .
A. ambiguous
B. doubtful
C. negative
D. supportive
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段可以判断出, 作者对于对学生有积极影响的声音和气味是持支持态度的。
5. Which of the following is most likely to follow up the research findings?
A. Experts’ research into other senses that can improve students’ grades.
B. More successful examples of boosting learning power by using music.
C. Suggestions for pumping lots of pleasant smells into school campuses.
D. Debates on whether noises can really have a positive effect on students’ performance.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Special educational needs students. . . are being encouraged to revise different subjects in the presence of different smells. . . 可以推测出, 科学家会继续对影响智力和创造力的其他味道进行研究。
语篇随练根据阅读理解中的词汇完成句子
1. 她是一个才女, 对年轻人可能影响巨大。
She was a talented woman who couldyoung people.
2. 如果这样的话, 你对于幸福本质的理解就有一些错误的观点了。
, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.
3. 你如何处理这些问题将会决定你是否会成功。
How you deal with these problems will determine.
答案：1. have a great impact/effect on
2. If so
3. whether you will succeed or n