课时提升作业(二十六)
选修8 Unit 3
(建议用时30分钟)
. 单项填空
1. (2017·安徽省级示范高中名校联考)As ________ birthplace of Huaxia civilization, Xi’an is ________ city with a long history and abundant cultural relics.
A. the; a B. a; a
C. /; a
D. the; /
【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意: 作为华夏文明的发源地, 西安是一座拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化遗迹的城市。birthplace后面有of短语作后置定语, 且“发源地”具有唯一性, 故birthplace在本句中表特指, 用定冠词the; 第二空后的city为可数名词, 但“拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化遗迹”的城市并非只有西安, 故第二空应该表泛指, 需用不定冠词。
2. Some of the students feel it really hard to ________ Tsinghua University’s admission.
A. admit
B. obtain
C. accept
D. succeed【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 一些学生感到被清华大学录取真的很难。admit同意; succeed in doing“成功做某事”; accept“接受”; obtain“获得”, 其宾语是物。故选B。
3. ________ is known to everybody, she is well-known for her beautiful songs.
A. It B. As
C. That
D. What
【解析】选B。as为关系代词, 引导一个非限制性定语从句, 指代整个主句内容。若用it, 则为: It is known to everybody that she is. . . 。
4. When she came several days later, she found that all things still ________ where she had ________ them.
A. lay; laidB. laid; laidC. lay; lainD. lying; lain
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 几天后她回来发现所有的东西都还在她放的地方。lie—lay—lain(躺); lay—laid—laid(下蛋, 放置)。
5. ________ here yesterday, he could have seen Jackie Chan.
A. If Bob has come B. If Bob came
C. Had Bob come
D. Bob should come
【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意: 如果Bob昨天来这里, 他就能见到成龙了。分析句意和句子结构可知, 此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故从句应用过去完成时。在虚拟条件句中, 如果含有had, were, should等时, if可省略, 句子倒装。
6. Many people agree that never in ancient history ________ a more splendid project than the Great Wall.
A. there were
B. has there been
C. there has been
D. were there
【解析】选B。考查部分倒装。句意: 很多人认为长城是在古代历史上最辉煌的建筑。在从句中, 否定副词never置于句首, 所以要用部分倒装。
7. (2017·江苏四市联考)I was disgusted ________ the picture on Page 1 of Sunday’s feature section.
A. seeing B. to see
C. to have seen
D. to be seen
【解析】选B。句意: 看到周日特写专栏第一页上的照片, 我感到很气愤。be disgusted to do sth. “很生气做某事”, 不定式作原因状语。
8. (2017·常州模拟)His early works, mostly in the traditional Chinese style, reflected the ________ of eastern China.
A. sight B. scenery
C. view
D. scene
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 他的早期作品, 主要是以传统的中国风格创作的, 反映了中国东部的自然风光。sight指眼睛所看到的景象; scenery指自然风光; view指从某处俯视的情景; scene指特定环境的景色。
9. (2017·安徽名校联考)Steven Hawking’s conclusion about black holes is a little ________ , but it has been accepted by most of the world.
A. realistic
B. abstract
C. contemporary
D. appropriate
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: 虽然史蒂芬·霍金关于黑洞的理论有点抽象, 但已被世界上大多数人所接受。abstract“抽象的”, 符合句意。realistic“现实的”; contemporary“同时代的, 当代的”; appropriate“恰当的”。
10. (2017·淮北模拟)The architect has committed herself ________ the design within a month.
A. for finishing B. to finish
C. to finishing
D. at finishing
【解析】选C。考查commit用法。句意: 建筑师承诺一个月之内完成设计。commit oneself to“承诺……”, 其中to是介词, 后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语, 故选C。
11. (2017·淮安模拟)Tom got nothing in ________ for his kindness, ________ made him very sad.
A. award; as B. reward; which
C. prize; which
D. medal; as
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析和定语从句。句意: 汤姆的好心没有得到任何回报, 这使他非常伤心。in reward for为固定搭配, “作为……的报酬”; which在此引导非限制性定语从句, 意为“这/那”, 先行词为前面整个句子。as引导非限制性定语从句时表示“正如, 就像”, 与句意不符。
12. (2017·金华模拟)Typhoon Fitow hit Zhejiang Province in September, 2017, ________ serious flooding.
A. caused
B. having causedC. causing
D. to cause
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意: 2017年9月台风“菲特”袭击了浙江省, 结果造成严重的水灾。此处用非谓语动词作结果状语, 而且是表示一种必然性的结果, 故选C。
【拓展延伸】
不定式表示的是一种偶然、出乎预料的结果; 现在分词表示的是一种必然、顺其自然的结果。
13. (2017·连云港模拟)I was ________ in the middle of my call because I had no more coins to put in the box.
A. broken in
B. cut off
C. hung up
D. put down
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 因为我无硬币可投了, 所以我的电话被中途切断了。cut off“切断”, 符合句意。break in“强行进入, 插嘴”, 是不及物动词短语, 不能用于被动语态; hang up“挂断电话”; put down“取下, 写下”。
14. The article said that we students are just learning machines that aren’t interested in anything but a book, which has ________ our strong dissatisfaction.
A. contained
B. arisenC. promoted
D. aroused
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: 这篇文章说我们学生只是学习机器, 除了书对什么也不感兴趣, 这引起了我们强烈的不满。arouse表示“引起, 激起”。
15. (2017·安徽师大附中模拟)—Can you keep an eye on my bag, Jack? I just want to use the bathroom.
— ________ . It’ll be safe with me.
A. I think so B. It’s my pleasure
C. Go ahead
D. You’re welcome
【解析】选C。考查交际用语。问话人句意: 杰克, 你能给我看着包吗? 我去洗手间。根据第二句答语“It’ll be safe with me”可知, 答话人同意为对方看包, 故用go ahead表示“去吧”。go ahead“(尤指经某人允许后)开始做; 着手干”。
. 阅读理解
Leymah Gbowee, ever awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, dreamed of peace and made it happen, founding a movement of women who brought peace and a female president to Liberia.
On the night of her high school graduation party, surrounded by family, neighbors, and friends, Leymah Gbowee imagined a bright future. She planned to study biology and chemistry in college and become a pediatrician. Instead, Gbowee writes in her autobiography, Mighty Be Our Powers, within six months of that party in 1989, everything around her was gone—her country torn apart by civil war, her family broken, her plans abandoned. And Gbowee never became a doctor. Gbowee saw civilians murdered before her eyes. She fled with relatives from one shelter to another, often went hungry. Upon returning to Liberia in 1991, she saw a terrible sight: everyone had fled, leaving their homes to the fighters.
Yet her spirit wouldn’t die. She began studying under a UNICEF program. Finally, with her family’s help, she imagined a movement of women demanding peace in Liberia and made it happen. Traveling from village to village, Gbowee began organizing women and persuaded women of different cultures to unite; under her leadership, thousands of women were dressed all in white to symbolize peace. Gbowee writes, “We were silent before, but after so many of us have been killed, fallen with diseases, and lost our children and families, war has taught us that the future lies in saying no to violence and yes to peace! ”
The women had reason to fear, but Gbowee had no choice. Then women could register to vote. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf became Africa’s first female president in 2005. Gbowee’s work was just beginning. She now travels the world, meeting with everyone from presidents to CEOs to people living in tiny villages, fighting for women and girls.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍。讲述了莱伊曼·古博韦在自己美好的生活被战争破坏后, 没有放弃, 而是不断努力, 为人权、为妇女儿童权益而斗争, 最终成为非洲一名主要的女权运动人物, 并荣获2011年诺贝尔和平奖。
1. Leymah Gbowee was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her contributions to ________ .
A. the education in Liberia
B. the women’s movement
C. stopping the world war
D. protecting the environment
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“founding a movement of women. . . ”和文章后面几段内容可知, Leymah Gbowee获得诺贝尔和平奖是因为在妇女运动方面所取得的成绩。故答案选B。
2. The underlined word “pediatrician” in Paragraph 2 is close in meaning to ________ .
A. teacher
B. politician
C. biologist
D. doctor
【解析】选D。词义推测题。根据第二段第四句“And Gbowee never became a doctor. ”可推出她计划成为医生。故答案选D。
3. What happened to Leymah Gbowee within two years after 1989?
A. She volunteered in shelters.
B. She lived an unsettled life.
C. She wrote an autobiography.
D. She tried to realize her dream.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She fled with relatives from one shelter to another, often went hungry. ”可知, Gbowee和她的亲戚一起从一家避难所逃到另一家, 还常常挨饿。由此, 可推出Gbowee过的是一种漂泊的(unsettled)生活。故答案选B。
4. What effect did the civil war in Liberia have on Leymah Gbowee?
A. The war strengthened her spirit.
B. She gave up a UNICEF program.
C. She kept silent after the war.
D. She didn’t expect peace at all.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Yet her spirit wouldn’t die. ”以及对她从事的运动的叙述可知, 内战没有让Gbowee消沉, 而是增强了她的信心和意志。故答案选A。
. 任务型阅读
请阅读下面短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。
The Internet company Google is testing its newest high-tech device, Google Glasses. The company describes the glasses as wearable computers that would change the way people view others and the world.
The glasses can make and receive calls, send and receive texts, take pictures, record video or search the web. You control Google Glasses using your voice, and a touchpad on the right arm of the frame.
Professor Marcia Dawkins is among a select group of people who have been given a chance to test out Google Glasses. “I thought this is something I definitely need for my classroom and hopefully for my personal life too. ”
The Professor’s Google Glasses look like a pair of bright orange glasses, without the actual glass. But there’s a tiny rectangular glass at the top right-hand corner. Through that glass, she has been recording video while biking. She also has been able to talk to her sister in Thailand, and she plans to use the device to teach a public speaking class.
But not everyone is excited about Google Glasses. Some are concerned about possible risks to privacy. John Simpson is the director of the privacy project at Consumer Watchdog. “It is essentially going to allow people to come in and spy on you and record that, without you knowing what is going on. ”
Google says that it has already addressed that concern. Mr Dale explained that in order to start the camera or record a video, the owner must say something out loud. “I activate the device, and say ‘Okay, glass, take a picture. ’Similarly, I have to push a little button on the top here so everybody around me will know a picture is being taken and a video is being recorded. ”
But Filmmaker Chris Barrett showed just how easy it is to record people without them knowing it. His glasses captured a man getting arrested after a fight. He shared the video on YouTube.
Also some are concerned about the use of facial recognition technology on Google Glasses. But Google says it will not approve the use of such applications. The Internet company says it is still testing its new device, and it hopes to make Google Glasses available to the public by early next year.
Google Glasses Raise Privacy Concerns
Introduction of Google Glasses Appearance like real glasses, but glassless, with a tiny rectangular glass at the top right-hand corner to(1)
video
(2)_______ make and receive calls, send and receive texts, take pictures, record video or search the web
Different attitudes towards Google Glasses Approving Marcia Dawkins: It is not only(3) _______in teaching but also in her personal life
(4) _______ The potential risk of exposing privacy
•John Simpson: Allow people(5) _______ glasses to record and spy on you without you knowing it.
•Mr Dale: Speak loud to activate the device so that the people around will know what he is doing.
•Chris Barrett: Record people while they are not(6) _______of it.
The abuse of facial recognition technology on Google Glasses.
Google’s
(7) _______ •The abuse of facial recognition technology will not be
(8) _______.
•Google Glasses are still under(9) _______.
•It is hoped that Google Glasses will come onto the(10) _______ by early next year.
答案：(1)record
(2)Function
(3)necessary
(4)Disapproving
(5)wearing/with (6)aware
(7)response/reply
(8)approved/ permitted
(9)test
(10)market
【语篇随练根据阅读理解完成下面题目。
1. Why was Leymah Gbowee awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?
2. What did Leymah Gbowee want to be as soon as she graduated?
3. Why did she give up what she wanted to be?
4. What do you think of Leymah Gbowee?
5. What’s the best title of the passage?
答案：1. Because she made the great contribution to the women’s movement.
2. She wanted to be a doctor.
3. Because the civil war broke her dream.
4. She was a great woman with confidence, independence and warm-hearted to others, and also she loved her country and people.
5. A Great Woman—Leymah Gbowee