涉及数字计算的细节题
数据在英语阅读理解中常常出现，比如以时间顺序写作的记叙文中往往会出现比较多的年份等日期，这些日期对于我们理解事件发生的时间顺序非常有帮助。又如在英语阅读理解的说明文(包括社科文和科技文)中，特别是调查研究类的文章中，作者也往往运用大量的数据使文章更加可信可靠。
这些数据在文章中有举足轻重的作用，设题者也往往针对这些数据设题。一般来说，数据考查题都是细节题，只要找到原文出处，考生可以很容易找出正确答案，但是设题者往往会采取偷换概念、变更细节等手段设置迷惑项，考生若不仔细比较，很容易失分。 阅读下列选段，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Which of the following is NOT true about the installment plan?
A.
A lot of British families use the installment plan.
B.
More than 10 percent American families buy things on installments.
C.
Americans depend more on installment than British people do. D.
Americans spend one tenth of their income on installment buying. 经典例题 B 解析：B 本题要求考生选与短文内容不符的选项。因选项B中含有10 percent这个数据以及installment这个关键词，所以不少学生以为B与文章内容相符，但实际上正是选项B与内容不符。只要我们细心一点，就会发现，原文的10 percent的中心词是income，而选项B的10 percent的中心词则变为American families，这就是偷换概念了。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 1. What is found out about American seniors? A. Most of them have good habits. B. Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week. C. All of them are fighting germs better than expected. D. About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.
即学即用 D
本文是关于美国老人健康习惯的调查情况及医生的建议。
D.
细节理解题。文中A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day(高达33%的老人一天只刷牙一次)与D (About one third of them…)项基本相符，只是将A full 33% of(百分之三十三)换成了About one third of(大约三分之一), 故选D。
2. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands ________. A. twice a day
B. three times a day C. four times a day
D. eight times a day
D.
细节理解题。由only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend(一天只有4次，这是医生建议次数的一半)可知，医生建议的次数是8次，故选D。
D 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. We should keep from touching our faces. B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth. C. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. D. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
C C.
细节理解题。由it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else(不是厕所而是厨房里海绵可能比其他任何东西所携带的细菌都要多)可知，选C。
4. The text probably comes from ________. A. a guide book
B. a popular magazine
C. a book review
D. an official document
B.
推断出处题。本文是关于美国老人健康习惯的调查情况及医生的建议，这类文章出现在“指南” “书评” “官方文件”中的可能性不大，而出现在流行的大众杂志上的可能性最大，故选B。
B * *