Module4 Music Born in America
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
According to a handful of studies，a name not only reveals clues about a person's class，education and ethic(种族) origin，it can also influence the bearer of the name and the choices they make in life.
Scientists have even drawn conclusions to suggest that people are often drawn to things and people that sound like their own names.
These experts claim that implicit egotism(内隐自我主义) is the reason that someone called Dennis might become a dentist or even that a child whose name begins with a B or C may fare worse in school examinations.
That a person's name may be bound to his or her fate is far from a new phenomenon.The Ancient Romans promoted the concept ‘nomenest omen’，meaning name is fate.
Studies have indeed shown that those with more conservative，Caucasian(白种人的)names are more successful when giving applications for employment.
And a recent poll(投票) conducted in Australia revealed that people respond more warmly to colleagues and politicians with names they can easily pronounce.
Yet parents nowadays are putting that much more effort into giving their children original names that are largely unfamiliar.
Though historically names obtained from the Bible have been passed down through families，in recent days the tendency has been to_think_outside_the_box and consider movies，songs and stories for inspiration.
When Britney Spears rose to fame，the slightly changed Brittaney became wildly popular among new parents and recently，thanks to the Twilight series，Isabella has made a comeback.
One study found that 30 percent of African American girls born in California during the 1990s were given unique names that they shared with not a single person born in the same year in the same state.
Dr.Martin Ford of George Mason University，however，believes a name does not stand for much.He explained to The Week：“Names only have a significant influence when that is the only thing you know about the person.Add a picture，and the impact of the name recedes.Add information about personality，motivation，and ability，and the impact of the name reduces to minimal significance.”
1．We can learn from the text that________.
A．people always focus on things and persons related to their own name
B．someone called Dennis might become a dentist because of his favorite
C．it is a new concept that a person's name is likely to determine his or her fate
D．Caucasian names are more equal than those who give applications for employment
解析：选A。推理判断题。A项正确，它与第二段后半句“...people are often drawn to things and people that sound like their own names.”相符；B项错误，它与第三段所要表达的意思不符；C项错在与第四段信息不符；D项错在与第五段后半句“Caucasian(白种人的)names are more successful when giving applications for employment.”不符。
2．The underlined part “to think outside the box” (in Para.8)refers to________.
A．getting a name from Bible in history
B．passing down a name through a family
C．giving a name by turning to movies etc.for help
D．finding a name from the outside of a box
解析：选C。细节理解题。从该段得知传统的人依照《圣经》取名，且一代传一代，但现在的趋势是取名时从电影、歌曲和故事中找灵感，故选C项。
3．The underlined word “recedes” in the last paragraph possibly means________.
A．receivesB．adds
C．reduces
D．increases
解析：选C。词义猜测题。比较该句和最后一句得知，说话人在后一句中换用另一个近义词reduce，来表达同样的意思。
4．The writer developed his opinion mainly by________.
A．analyzing reasons
B．providing examples
C．making comparisons
D．solving problems
解析：选B。推理判断题。从全文来看，作者先列出观点：姓名影响人生，然后举了“Dennis”，“name begins with a B or C”，“nomenest omen”和“conservative，Caucasian(白种人的)names”等例子来证明自己的观点，故选B项。
5．This passage is mainly about________.
A．education and ethic origin
B．names and their impacts
C．names and their origins
D．study and implicit egotism
解析：选B。主旨大意题。依据文章首段和末段可知本文主要讲述了名字对人的影响，故选B项。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Doctors Say Most Heart Disease Preventable
Heart disease is the number one killer，worldwide，of men and women over the age of 60.But people of all ages die of heart attacks each year.And while death rates have declined in the U．S.and many western European countries，they are on the rise in the developing world.1.____________
No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack.She was not overweight.She did not smoke or exercise.“In 2004，the week after I turned 49，when I was on a business trip in Chicago，I had a major heart attack，” she said.2.____________ She now exercises daily，and monitors her heart health.
Dr.Patrice Nickens，who is
with
the National Heart，Lung and Blood Institute，thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable.“3.____________” she said，“Men are also facing the same problem，and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers.”
“Your weight，your blood cholesterol，blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk，” she said.
4.____________
“And the steps to take are simple: don’t smoke，maintain a healthy weight，exercise， know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks，” she said.
African－Americans are at higher－than－average risk for heart disease and stroke; people don’t even know they have it，which increases the risk.Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this population.5.____________ For example，helping the people monitor their blood pressure.If people realize they are risk for heart disease，they’ll make lifestyle changes: lose weight，exercise，eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor.
A．A healthy lifestyle can prevent heart disease.
B．So we must cure heart disease.
C．It is the leading cause of death for women.
D．With the right training，they can play an important role in community health.
E．And that changed her life.
F．Lack of exercise causes heart attacks.
G．Yet most heart disease is preventable.
答案：1～5 GECAD
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选取最佳选项。
Harris accompanied his friend George to his favorite news－stand.George__1__the man selling the newspapers politely，but he received__2__service.The man never even __3__when he requested the late night edition.George politely smiled，__4__the newspaper，which was thrown rudely in his direction，and wished the man a pleasant weekend.
“Does he always__5__you so rudely？” when walking down the street Harris asked.“Yes，unfortunately，he does，”George__6__.“ And are you always so kind and friendly to him？”“Yes，I am！”George__7__as they turned a corner.“Why are you so nice when he is so unfriendly to you？”__8__a look of deep thought，George explained，“Because I don't want him to__9__how I am going to act.”
Then，who decides how you are going to act？Is it the __10__people in your life that determine your__11__？When we allow our conflicts to control us，we behave__12__getting rid of our difficulties is our only priority (最重要的事)．Therefore，it doesn't really__13__how we treat on another.
For example，we often hear people say “This person is causing me unhappiness right now so I don't__14__exercising patience，self－control and loving kindness.__15__，I want to let them know how__16__I am as a result of their actions.”
However，they forget that trials (令人伤脑筋的事) will eventually weaken.But the way we handle__17__will influence our lives for a long time.Will you only respond to the __18__trials or will you be more__19__about the lasting value of what kind of person you are becoming？Who decides the__20__you will act when the pressure is on?
1．A.paidB．greeted
C．questioned
D．charged
解析：选B。乔治有礼貌地和卖报人打招呼(greeted)。
2．A.unfriendly
B．financial
C．polite
D．illegal
解析：选A。但乔治得到的却是不友善的(unfriendly)服务。第4空后面的“which was thrown rudely”是线索提示。
3．A.stayed up
B．gave up
C．looked up
D．dressed up
解析：选C。当乔治要最新的晚报时，他连头都没抬(looked up)。stay up“熬夜”；give up“放弃”；dress up“打扮”。
4．A.accepting
B．selling
C．requesting
D．reading
解析：选A。乔治微笑着接受了(accepting)那份被粗鲁地扔过来的报纸。
5．A.expect
B．direct
C．affect
D．treat
解析：选D。哈里斯问：“他总是这么粗鲁地对待(treat)你吗？”expect“期待”；direct“指导”；affect“影响”。
6．A.complained
B．replied
C．criticized
D．added
解析：选B。乔治回答道(replied)：“是的，不幸的是，他总是如此。”complain“抱怨”；criticize“批评”；add“补充说”。
7．A.commented
B．continued
C．guaranteed
D．demanded
解析：选B。乔治继续(continued)说：“是的，我总是对他很友好。”comment“评论”；guarantee“保证”；demand“要求”。
8．A.At
B．For
C．With
D．To
解析：选C。带着(with)深思的表情，乔治解释道……
9．A.realize
B．ignore
C．wonder
D．decide
解析：选D。乔治解释道：“因为我不想让他来决定(decide)我随后的行为。”第10空前面的“decides”是线索提示。
10．A.difficult
B．familiar
C．easy－going
D．modest
解析：选A。那么，谁能决定你随后的行为呢？是生活中你遇到的那些能决定你的反应(response)的难相处的(difficult)人吗？
11．A.minds
B．qualities
C．response
D．attempt
解析：选C。结合上一题一起理解。
12．A.even though
B．so that
C．as long as
D．as if
解析：选D。当我们容许冲突控制我们时，摆脱困境似乎(as if)成了唯一重要的事情。even though“即使”；so that“以便”；as long as“只要”。
13．A.matter
B．work
C．apply
D．stress
解析：选A。因此，我们彼此如何对待真的不那么重要(matter)了。
14．A.look after
B．care about
C．hear of
D．ask for
解析：选B。例如，我们经常听到有人说：“这个人现在让我不开心，我不在乎(care about)耐心、自控和慈爱了。”
15．A.Therefore
B．Thus
C．Instead
D．Besides
解析：选C。“反而(Instead)，我想让他们知道因为他们的所作所为，我是多么的生气(angry)。”
16．A.grateful
B．angry
C．ashamed
D．surprised
解析：选B。结合上一题一起理解。
17．A.conflicts
B．efforts
C．behaviors
D．goods
解析：选A。但是我们处理冲突(conflicts)的方式会影响我们的生活很长时间。第12空前面的“conflicts”是线索提示。
18．A.major
B．serious
C．funny
D．temporary
解析：选D。你将仅仅应对当前暂时的(temporary)令人伤脑筋的事还是更关心(concerned)你会成为哪种人的长久价值。
19．A.curious
B．particular
C．concerned
D．excited
解析：选C。结合上一题一起理解。
20．A.reason
B．time
C．place
D．way
解析：选D。当压力来临的时候，谁决定你回应的方式(way)呢？
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Regrets are painful emotions—but surprisingly，there may be an upside to them.Painful__1__ they are，regrets can actually inspire us to future success，according to a latest study__2__two US universities.
Researchers identified two different types of regrets.One was action regrets，based on something that had__3__(happen)．The other was inaction regrets，which concerned something a person didn't do __4__wished he or she had.
According to the UK's Daily Mail，they surveyed 370 adults，evenly split between men and women，__5__were asked to discuss one strong regret in detail，whether it was__6__action or inaction regret and how long the pain lasted for afterwards.The most common regrets were__7__love，education and work.
And results showed that action regrets in the beginning were very painful，but didn't last as long as inaction regrets.
Also，women，who tended to value__8__(society)relationships more than men，had more regrets of love __9__(compare) to men.On the contrary，men were more likely to have work－related regrets.
Researchers also claimed that regrets—particularly inaction__10__—can spur us on to future success，as they drive us to take chances and make sure we don't suffer the same feeling of missing out again.
1．________2.________3.________4.________
5．________6.________7.________8.________
9．________10.________
答案：1.as/though 2.by 3.happened 4.but 5.who 6.an 7.about 8.social 9.compared 10.ones
Ⅳ.微型写作
【写作素材】
1．就教育而言，他们的学业要求和我们的很不同。
2．他们不必天天忙于家庭作业。
3．他们可以用充分的证据去反驳老师。
4．难怪有些中国的学生很难适应。
【连句成篇】 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
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答案：As far as education is concerned，their academic requirements are quite different from ours.They needn’t be occupied with homework day in and day out.They even can contradict the teachers with abundant evidence. No wonder some Chinese students find it hard to fit in there.