Module4 Sandstorms in Asia
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
BEIJING，June 20 (Xinhua)—Over 60 million students and teachers at China's 80,000 middle schools experienced a special class delivered by China's first teacher in space from more than 300 kilometers above the Earth's surface.
“Hello，everyone.I am Wang Yaping.I will host the lecture today.”Female astronaut Wang Yaping，one of the three crew members of Shenzhou－X spacecraft，greeted about 330 students at a Beijing high school，through a live video feed system.The students in her class included children from migrant workers' families，of ethnic minorities and from Hong Kong，Macao and Taiwan.
In this space class，Wang carried out some physics experiments about motion(运动) and surface tension(张力) of water in a micro－gravity environment(微重力环境)，which could help students better understand weight，mass and Newton's Laws.The most amazing one was “a water ball”．Wang Yaping made a water film(水膜) with a water bag and a metal ring.She explained to students that the surface tension of water enlarges in space because of zero gravity.Then she made a second water film turn into a water ball.
“I have been very excited since I learned I could come to this class，”said Luo Jiangyuan，in his first year of high school.“When I learned about those laws of weightless condition at classes before，the teacher couldn't show the experiment for us，so I needed to imagine what would happen.But，at today's class，I am able to see what really happens.It is too exciting，” he said.
Wang is the second Chinese female astronaut after Liu Yang.It was also the second video class delivered from above the Earth's surface，with the US astronaut Barbara Morgan's 25－minute class being the first in 2007.
As some scientists believe，the lesson is aimed at making space science more popular.Space activities can also help the youth build up the spirit of seeking science and facing challenges.
1．The best title for the passage would be________.
A．China's First Teacher in Space—Wang Yaping
B．Shenzhou－X Astronaut Gives Lecture
C．Chinese Astronaut Gives the First Space Lecture
D．An Important Physical Experiment in Space
解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章第一段就点明全篇主题：中国八万所中学的六千多万师生经历了一堂特别的课，这节课是由中国首位太空女老师王亚平从距离地球表面300多千米的太空主讲的。文章还描述这次太空授课的全过程及其意义。因此C项(中国宇航员进行首次太空授课)符合题意。A项作为标题太片面。B、D偏离文章主题内容。
2．The experiment “a water ball” is used to show________.
A．surface tension of water in weightless condition
B．Newton's second law of motion
C．how to know weight due to zero gravity
D．mass of water in a micro－gravity environment
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知：王亚平是用水珠来演示失重状态下水表面张力的，故选A。
3．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to________.
A．my imagination
B．the experiment showing
C．a water ball in space
D．weightless condition
解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中一名高一学生Luo Jiangyuan的话(以前在课堂学习失重现象时老师不能为我们做实验，我全靠想象，但在今天的课堂却见证了实际发生了什么，这次实验的展示太令人兴奋了)，故选B。
4．Who have held the video class from above the Earth's surface so far?
A．Liu Yang and Wang Yaping.
B．Barbara Morgan and Wang Yaping.
C．Barbara Morgan and Liu Yang.
D．Barbara Morgan，Liu Yang and Wang Yaping.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知，在王亚平这次太空授课之前，美国宇航员Barbara Morgan于2007年已经进行人类首次太空授课。故选B。
B
(2017·高考湖北卷)Working with a group of baboons(狒狒) in the Namibian desert，Dr.Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology，Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box.Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task，while others had to learn for themselves.To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were，Dr.Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning.The braver baboons learnt，but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did.In effect，despite being made aware of what to do，they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones.The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not，even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals，something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive(认知的)tasks not because they aren't clever enough to solve them，but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning.If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don't associate with the knowledgeable individuals，or they are too shy to use the information once they have it，information may not travel between all group members，preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
5．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The design of Dr.Carter's research.
B．The results of Dr.Carter's research.
C．The purpose of Dr.Carter's research.
D．The significance of Dr.Carter's research.
解析：选A。主旨大意题。通读第一段内容可知，该段主要介绍了艾蕾西娅·卡特博士研究狒狒学习能力的方案是如何设计的。
6．According to the research，which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?
A．Those that have more experience.
B．Those that can avoid potential risks.
C．Those that like to work independently.
D．Those that feel anxious about learning.
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，应选D项。
7．Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A．Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B．Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C．Some baboons observe others but don't follow them.
D．Some baboons perform new tasks but don't concentrate.
解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线单词指的是上文的“those who were relaxed did not，even though they spent more time watching”，即一些狒狒花费时间在观察这些行为但是却不去模仿。
8．Dr.Carter's findings indicate that our culture might be formed through________.
A．storing information
B．learning from each other
C．understanding different people
D．travelling between social groups
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，我们的文化的形成和产生很可能是通过相互学习而形成的，如果不能与知识渊博的人接触或者如果性格过于内向，就阻止了文化的形成。
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A couple had two little boys aged 8～10，who were very naughty.They always looked for trouble and their parents knew that__1__anything wrong happened in their town，their sons were probably involved.
The boys' mother heard that a clergyman in their town had been successful__2__disciplining children，so she asked if he__3__speak with her boys.The clergyman agreed but asked to see them individually.So the mother sent her younger son first in the morning，with the older boy__4__see the clergyman in the afternoon.
The clergyman，a huge man with__5__deep voice，sat the younger boy down and asked him seriously “Where is God？”
The boy__6__no response，sitting there with his mouth wide open.So the clergyman repeated the question in an even__7__serious tone “Where is God？” Again the boy made no answer.So the clergyman raised his voice and shouted “WHERE IS GOD？”
The boy ran away from the room，__8__(scream) out in terror，direct to home and hid__9__in his closet.When his older brother found him，he asked “What happened？” The younger brother breathlessly replied “We are in big trouble this time.God is__10__(miss) and they think we did it.”
1．________2.________3.________4.________
5．________6.________7.________8.________
9．________10.________
1．解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句。句意：他们总是惹是生非，而且他们的父母认为如果镇里出了不好的事，他们的孩子很可能就参与了。
答案：if
2．解析：考查介词。be successful in doing sth.“做某事成功”。
答案：in
3．解析：考查动词的时态。此处为if引导的宾语从句，表示“她问牧师是否愿意和她的孩子谈谈”。
答案：would
4．解析：考查不定式的用法。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，由时间状语“in the afternoon”可知是将来的事情，因此要用不定式。
答案：to
5．解析：考查不定冠词的用法。a deep voice“低沉的声音”。
答案：a
6．解析：考查动词搭配。make no response“没作出回答”，下文的“Again the boy made no answer.”也是提示。
答案：made
7．解析：考查形容词的比较级。这是第二次提问，牧师更严肃了，所以应用比较级。
答案：more
8．解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。此处表示男孩惊恐万状，尖叫着跑出了房间。“screaming out in terror”说明男孩跑出房间时的状态。
答案：screaming
9．解析：考查代词的用法。此处表示，男孩把自己藏在他的壁橱里。
答案：himself
10．解析：考查形容词的用法。missing“失踪的，丢失的”，符合语境。
答案：missing
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2017·唐山模拟)A little girl who lived in a simple and poor house on a hill.Usually she might play in the small garden.She could see over the garden fence and across the valley the wonderful house with shining golden window high on another hill.Since she loved her parents and her family，she desired to live in such a house and dream all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there.At the age when she gained some basic skill，she begged her mother to a bike ride outside the garden.Her mother finally allowed her to go.Down the hill and cross the valley，the girl rode to the gate of the golden house.As she got her bike and put it against the gate post，she focused on the house.She was disappointing when she found all the windows were rather dirty.
答案：A little girl who lived in a simple and poor house on a hill.Usually she
play in the small garden.She could see over the garden fence and across the valley
wonderful house with shining golden
high on another hill. she loved her parents and her family，she desired to live in such a house and
all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there.At the age when she gained some basic skill，she begged her mother
a bike ride outside the garden.Her mother finally allowed her to go.Down the hill and
the valley，the girl rode to the gate of the golden house.As she got
her bike and put it against the gate post，she focused on the house.She was
when she found all the windows were rather dirty.
Ⅳ.微型写作
【写作素材】
1．今天我被请来作报告。
2．我本想早到可我的车坏了。
3．我碰见了史密斯先生。
4．他主动提出开车送我去。
5．多亏他的善良和体贴，我及时赶到。
【连句成篇】 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Today，I was asked to deliver a speech，I had intended to arrive early but my car broke down.Then I came across Mr.Smith，who offered to drive me there.Thanks to his kindness and consideration，I got there just in time.