Module5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2017·高考浙江卷)Last summer，two nineteenth－century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana，to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco.The houses were made of wood.These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil；now they hold Twitter engineers.
The cottages could be an example of the industry's odd love affair with “low technology，”a concept associated with the natural world，and with old－school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era.Low technology is not virtual(虚拟的)—so，to take advantage of it，Internet companies have had to get creative.The rescued wood cottages， fitted by hand in the late eighteen－hundreds，are an obvious example，but Twitter's designs lie on the extreme end.Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature.
Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees，so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural，park－like setting.”At Google's office，an entire floor is carpeted in grass.Facebook's second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking trail.
Olle Lundberg，the founder of Lundberg Design，has worked with many tech companies over the years.“We have lost the connection to the maker in our lives，and our tech engineers are the ones who feel most impoverished(贫乏的)，because they're surrounded by the digital world，”he says.“They're looking for a way to regain their individual identity，and we've found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”
This craft－based theory is rooted in history.William Morris，the English artist and writer，turned back to pre－industrial arts in the eighteen－sixties，just after the Industrial Revolution.The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines.“Without creative human occupation，people became disconnected from life，”Morris said.
Research has shown that natural environments can restore(恢复) our mental capacities.In Japan，patients are encouraged to “forest－bathe，”taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.
These health benefits apply to the workplace as well.Rachel Kaplan，a professor of environmental psychology，has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environments.Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office—even simple views of trees and flowers—felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying.If low－tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then，fine，bring on the cottages.
1．The writer mentions the two nineteenth－century cottages to show that________.
A．Twitter is having a hard time
B．old cottages are in need of protection
C．early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana
D．Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology
解析：选D。写作意图题。由第一段最后一句可知：这些农舍曾经居住着早期那些劳作在干旱的Montana(蒙大拿州)的土地上的定居者，现在却住着Twitter社交网站的技术工程师，以及下文的举例说明，可推断选D项。
2．Low technology is regarded as something that________.
A．is related to nature
B．is out of date today
C．consumes too much energy
D．exists in the virtual world
解析：选A。细节理解题。文章第二段第一句中的“...a concept associated with the natural world”说明“low technology”和“natural world”有关，故选A项。
3．The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that human beings________.
A．have destroyed many pre－industrial arts
B．have a tradition of valuing arts and crafts
C．can become intelligent by learning history
D．can regain their individual identity by using machines
解析：选B。主旨大意题。第五段第一句为本段主题句，即“手工艺为基础的理论深深地扎根于历史的长河中”。后文以英国艺术家及作家Morris为例，讲述他重视手工艺。他的话也表明了人类有重视手工艺的传统。
4．The writer's attitude to “low technology” can best be described as________.
A．positive B．defensive
C．cautious
D．doubtful
解析：选A。作者态度题。纵观全文，尤其是最后一句话“如果低科技能够滋养大脑，改善员工的身心健康，那么，就开发乡村小屋吧”可知，作者对于低等科技的态度是积极肯定的。
5．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．Past Glories，Future Dreams.
B．The Virtual World，the Real Challenge.
C．High－tech Companies，Low－tech Offices.
D．The More Craftsmanship，the Less Creativity.
解析：选C。主旨大意题。两座建于19世纪的小木屋被拯救并搬入Twitter的办公大楼，由此引出本文的话题——低等科技。其核心内容是：原汁原味的手工艺术，让你更亲近大自然，甚至是办公场所的自然气息也能让你神清气爽、身心健康。这一概念正被越来越多的高科技公司接受和运用。因此C项最佳。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
1．____________
Have you heard statements like “If you love me，you would do this for me” or “You should be ashamed of yourself”？Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone，or if someone wants a favor of you.
Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time.2.____________To overcome guilt from your life，use the following steps：
Know the past can't be changed.
Whatever happened or whatever you did in the past，you can't remove or change it by feeling guilty.If you cry and shout，you will not make the past different.It is better to concentrate on the present.3.____________
4．____________
If you hurt someone while not meaning it，apologize for what you have said or done and then forgive yourself.What happened in the past will teach you a lesson，so you won't repeat it again，but it is important to forgive yourself.
Let the people you deal with know you are not easy to feel guilty.
If your boss gives you a hard time because you don't work overtime and starts saying that there is no money award for you to make you feel guilty，then you can say things like “That is perfectly fine.I will get the award next time.”
5．____________Don't deny guilt or run away from it.Analyze it and deal with it.No matter how much time you spend feeling guilty，you are not going to be able to change it.
A．You have to face guilt to overcome it.
B．Try to learn from your experience.
C．Do something useful to improve your life and your future.
D．Don't let anyone make you feel guilty.
E．So you should learn to remove guilt.
F．Someone has disappointed you.
G．It is not important to apologize.
答案：1～5 DECBA
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选取最佳选项。
(2017·北京西城区模拟)I became a gardener when I was twelve.My early__1__of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature.It was to__2__my parents.
At that time，we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood.But my mother often looked with__3__at this work of natural art.Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her，“something else to__4__！”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening，my father ever thought it a waste of time.
At that age，I always did something__5__to whatever my parents did！If gardening were something they found__6__，I would plant a garden!
I planted some lily (百合花) seeds in the yard.But they failed to__7__.I continued to plant sunflower seeds and roses.Wild__8__joy，I found the first rose bloom(开花)．One by one，the flowers bloomed their heads off.__9__，I was touched by this land of wonder.
__10__，my parents showed no interest in my garden.My father even__11__at me because he found it was __12__to move around my garden to the driveway.To my mother's__13__，I put my real roses which，in her eyes，were simply weeds__14__flowers in her vase.
Regardless of their__15__，I kept on planting my garden and__16__to enjoy the pleasure of gardening.Plants make such good companions：they breathe，they bloom，they__17__to care and love.
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to__18__my parents.Today I become known as Mrs.Greenthumbs，teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very__19__.And now I could say it is my affection for__20__that makes me a real gardener.
1．A.memoryB．dream
C．intention D．design
解析：选C。词义辨析题。作者早期从事园艺的意图并非源于对大自然的热爱。C选项为“意图，打算”之意，符合语境。
2．A.please B．change
C．help D．annoy
解析：选D。前后照应题。根据下文可知，作者从事园艺只是给父母添烦恼。D选项是“惹恼，使生气，使烦恼”之意，符合文意。
3．A.doubt B．appreciation
C．surprise D．excitement
解析：选A。词义辨析题。根据下文可知，作者的母亲以怀疑的目光看着大自然的杰作。由此可知，A选项符合文意。
4．A.collect up B．care about
C．clean up D．come in
解析：选C。短语辨析题。既然在母亲眼里这些金黄色的叶子是垃圾，那么就需要有人将其打扫掉。在四个选项中，C表示“清理，打扫”，符合文意。
5．A.equal B．similar
C．superior D．opposite
解析：选D。固定搭配题。作者小时候有一种反叛的心理，总是去做与父母意见相反的事。opposite to与……相反。
6．A.painful B．valuable
C．upsetting D．interesting
解析：选C。词义辨析题。由于反叛心理，作者想到如果园艺是父母感到烦恼的事，就种植一个花园。在选项中，C选项表示“令人烦恼的”之意，符合语境。
7．A.come up B．break out
C．hold on D．get through
解析：选A。短语辨析题。作者在院子里种了百合花种子，但是没有发芽。A表示“发芽，走近”；B表示“爆发，发生”；C表示“不挂断，等一会”；D表示“接通，完成”。
8．A.to B．with
C．in D．by
解析：选B。固定搭配题。作者高兴地发现第一朵玫瑰花开花了。with joy为常用短语，表示“高兴地”之意，符合语境。
9．A.Luckily B．Cheerfully
C．Regularly D．Eventually
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。朵朵鲜花竞相绽放，最终，作者被眼前的景象所感动。由此可知，D选项符合语境。
10．A.Instead B．However
C．Therefore D．Besides
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。然而，作者的父母对作者的花园不感兴趣。空白处表示的是一种转折的语气，B选项符合语境。
11．A.shouted B．laughed
C．glanced D．jumped
解析：选A。词义辨析题。作者的父亲甚至对作者大声叫嚷。由此可知，A选项符合语境。
12．A.convenient B．troublesome
C．enjoyable D．dangerous
解析：选B。词义辨析题。作者的父亲觉得花挡住了车道，令他烦恼。B选项有“令人烦恼的”之意，符合文意。
13．A.sadness B．displeasure
C．delight D．relief
解析：选B。固定搭配题。作者把自己的真玫瑰花放进母亲的花瓶里，使她感觉不愉快。to one's displeasure为常用短语，而且意思符合语境。
14．A.other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
解析：选C。短语辨析题。在作者母亲的眼里，那些只是杂草而不是鲜花。C选项是“而不是”之意，符合文意。
15．A.dislike B．encouragement
C．threat D．suggestion
解析：选A。词义辨析题。尽管作者的父母不喜欢作者的所作所为，但是作者一直坚持自己的做法。由此可知，A选项符合语境。
16．A.decided B．stopped
C．continued D．struggled
解析：选C。词义辨析题。作者继续享受园艺的快乐。在四个选项中，C选项是“继续”之意，符合文意。
17．A.devote B．turn
C．respond D．challenge
解析：选C。固定搭配题。植物成为作者的好伙伴，它们呼吸，它们开花，它们对作者的呵护和爱有回应。respond to为常用短语，是“对……反应、响应”之意。
18. A． defeat B．satisfy
C．respect D．challenge
解析：选D。词义辨析题。根据上文，由于反叛心理，作者种植花园是出于挑战父母。A表示“战胜，击败”；B表示“使满意，使高兴，使满足”；C表示“尊敬，敬重，尊重”；D表示“向……挑战，怀疑，反对”。由此可知，D选项与文意相符。
19．A.proud B．comfortable
C．strange D．disappointed
解析：选A。固定搭配题。现在作者已经成为一名著名的园艺师，使其父母为之自豪。在四个选项中，A选项的词义符合文意。
20．A.freedom B．life
C．growth D．nature
解析：选D。词汇复现题。作者认为是自己对大自然的钟爱使自己最终成为一名真正的园艺师。第一段就出现了nature。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here are the headline news at five thirty.The United Nations Conference on World Peace__1__(open) this morning in New York.The conference was opened by the Secretary－General of the United Nations who said that man had to choose between peace and war.
__2__American airliner was hijacked on a flight from Los Angeles to New York.The hijack__3__place at eleven thirty this morning.The hijacker，__4__identity is not known，demanded to see the American President.The plane is at present at John F．Kennedy International Airport in New York，where__5__has been surrounded by the police.
The__6__(large) quantity of illegal drugs ever was found in a London flat yesterday.A police spokesman said that the drugs were__7__(hide) in suitcases.He said the value of the drugs was well over five million pounds.
Reports are coming in of a major accident in southern Sweden.The reports say that this afternoon a ship crashed__8__a bridge.Seven cars and two trucks are said to__9__fallen into the water from the bridge.We hope to have more details in our next news broadcast.
Those are the headlines，__10__now at five thirty－two，it's back to Rock of Ages.
1．________2.________3.________4.________
5．________6.________7.________8.________
9．________10.________
1．解析：考查动词的时态。由语境“this morning”可知此处应用一般过去时。
答案：opened
2．解析：考查不定冠词的用法。由语境可知此处表示泛指，意为“一架美国客机”。
答案：An
3．解析：考查动词短语搭配。take place“发生”，符合语境。
答案：took
4．解析：考查定语从句。先行词为hijacker，关系词在从句中作定语，因此用whose。
答案：whose
5．解析：考查it的用法。此处it指代前面提到的“The plane”。
答案：it
6．解析：考查形容词的最高级。由上下文语境以及空格前的the和空格后的ever可知，此处应用large的最高级形式。
答案：largest
7．解析：考查词性转换。句意：警方发言人说，毒品被藏在手提箱里。
答案：hidden
8．解析：考查介词的用法。表示某物撞在什么人或东西上时，用介词into。
答案：into
9．解析：be said to do“据说某人/某物……”，此处不定式表示的动作先于主句的动作，因此要用完成时。
答案：have
10．解析：考查连词and的用法。两句话之间为并列关系，因此用and。
答案：and
Ⅳ.微型写作
【写作素材】
1．在这个地区，饥饿曾是个困扰人的问题。
2．在过去的十年里，农民们成功地抵制了土地的沙漠化。
3．有了新的农耕技术，谷物和其他粮食的产量都增加了。
【连句成篇】 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Hunger used to be disturbing in this area.In the past decade，farmers succeeded in the struggle against the expanding desert.Because of new farming methods，the output of grain and other crops has increased.