Module4 Great Scientists
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Today，Bhutan's status in the world of geopolitics may be considered insignificant apart from being strategically located between two emerging superpowers, India and China.In a world that is ruled by economic interests and power play，Bhutan's fledgling (新兴的) economy gathers hardly enough attention.However，Bhutan is not an isolated place but a part of the world，and the problems of the world seem to be general.In this respect，Bhutan has positioned itself in a much better light than many developing countries.Its political stability，the historic and peaceful transition from the monarchy (君主制) to democracy，the unique development philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH) and its history of cultural isolationism and survival are significant characters that have excited the interest of the world.
In many ways，Bhutan is better placed than most countries in terms of clean air，fresh water， abundant forest cover, and above all, hydropower. Although Bhutan is a carbon negative country，we have not been spared from the effects of global climate change. The snow－covered glacial mountains of Bhutan have begun to look bare and exposed for the first time in our history.
In this regard，Bhutan is asking itself the question that everyone must ask: how can economic growth be combined with environmental sustainability—a question that it has answered in part through a massive effort to protect the country's vast forest cover and its unique biodiversity. Bhutan is asking how it can preserve its traditional society and foster its unique cultural heritage.And，it is also asking how individuals can maintain their psychological stability in an era of rapid change，marked by urbanization and a fierce attack of global communication in a society that had no television until little more than a decade ago.
The central issue in sustainable development is how we can reduce production and consumption levels to stay within the limits of biologically productive capacity of the planet.How can we ensure that in so doing，we will not lower or reverse the level of our well－being？This begs for an alternative development model based on a correct opinion of what constitutes human well－being. As we reflect on this，we need to be mindfully clear that the planet simply does not have the capacity to sustain life for much longer if developing countries，with their larger populations，were to tread the same path that brought the developed countries its level of prosperity and lifestyle.We deprive future generations the moment resources are harvested and used beyond the capability of regeneration.The idea is that we are drawing on future resources，borrowing from future generations. But we are not borrowing，we are depriving.
1．Why is Bhutan considered an insignificant country in the world of geopolitics?
A．Because it has a bad location in geography.
B．Because it has too stable politics to draw the world's attention.
C. Because it has many disadvantages over many developing countries.
D．Because its economy is too weak to draw enough attention.
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Bhutan's fledgling(新兴的)economy gathers hardly enough attention”可知D项正确。
2．Which of the following is not Bhutan's advantage over most countries?
A．Free from global warming.
B．Carbon negative.
C．Abundant hydropower.
D．Clean air.
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“we have not been spared from the effects of global climate change”可知，不丹没有避免全球变暖的影响，所以这不是它的优势。
3．According to Paragraph 3，we can conclude that
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A．Bhutan is working hard to protect its environmental sustainability
B．Bhutan is not impacted by urbanization and global communication
C. Sustainable development can be realized by preserving traditional society
D．Sustainable development means reducing production and consumption
解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“how can economic growth be combined...biodiversity”可知，不丹很努力地保护着该国的森林植被和生物多样性，即保护它的环境持续性，故选A。
4．What does the author mean by saying “we are depriving” in the last paragraph?
A．We should make good use of future resources.
B．We shouldn't draw on the future resources.
C．We should use resources beyond the capability of regeneration.
D．We shouldn't lower or reverse the level of our well－being.
解析：选B。句意理解题。根据最后一段尤其是最后两句中的“we are drawing on future resources，borrowing from future generations.But we are not borrowing”可推知，作者反对使用后代的资源，认为这不是借，而是剥夺，故选B。
5．What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs?
A．Bhutan's problems. B．Bhutan's advantages.
C．Bhutan's location.
D．Bhutan's economy.
解析：选B。段落大意题。第一段刚开始谈到了不丹的问题，但在However之后，谈到不丹的优势，第二段讲的全是它的优势，故选B。
B
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From a selection of Advent calendars to party planning or Christmas stocking fillers we have all the possibilities covered so that your children or grandchildren will really have a memorable time with attractive gifts and original ideas.
Bring that festive spirit to all those traditional days，and ensure you are always ready for any possibility.Granny Look's extensive links are bound to make every special occasion an entirely different experience from the year before and allow everyone to feel entertained and content.
CHRISTMAS STOCKING FILLERS
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A Granny Look favorite!
ADVENT CALENDARS
All children love the build－up to CHRISTMAS！What is better than choosing one of Granny Look's selection of Advent calendars！Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas time.
A Granny Look favorite!
BIRTHDAYS
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Plan and organize the KIDDIES'PARTIES ahead of time!
Don't forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS!
CHRISTMAS
LOOK and BOOK now！Granny Look's selection of CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children.
Some guides to “What's on in your area” for the kids.PANTOS，SHOWS，THEATRES...at Christmas time!
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6．From the text，we know that Granny Look is
.
A．a person who guides you to make your yearly celebration a real success
B．a magazine that helps the family to prepare for special occasions
C．a company that sells all sorts of products on the Internet
D．a website that helps you to prepare for special occasions
解析：选D。细节理解题。由第四段的“Granny Look's extensive links are...entertained and content.”和ADVENT CALENDARS下面的“Here you will find a list of websites...”可知，D项正确。
7．The purpose of the text is
.
A．to make children have a memorable holiday
B．to show you how to shop on the Internet
C．to give you some information about Granny Look
D．to introduce some goods
解析：选C。目的意图题。文章主要介绍了Granny Look的服务项目，其目的是让读者了解它的服务范围。
8．If you want to send some invitations to your daughter's classmates，where will you search for the information?
A．AT BIRTHDAYS.
B．AT ADVENT CALENDARS.
C．AT CHRISTMAS STOCKING FILLERS.
D．AT CHRISTMAS.
解析：选A。细节理解题。由BIRTHDAYS下面的“Don't forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS！”可知答案为A项。
9．You will fail to find any information at CHRISTMAS when you need
.
A．Christmas cards
B．fun Advent calendars
C．Christmas gifts
D．tickets for theatres
解析：选B。细节理解题。由CHRISTMAS下面的“CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children”和“THEATRES”可知，在这里找不到“fun Advent calendars”，而在ADVENT CALENDARS下面的内容中可找到它。故选B项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The task of being accepted in a university begins early for some students.Long before they graduate
1
high school，these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study.They may also take one or more examinations that test
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well prepared they are for the university.In the final year of high school，they complete
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(apply) and send them to the universities
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interest them most.Some high school students may be required to have
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interview with people from the university.
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(neat) dressed and a little bit frightened，they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.
If the new students
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accepted，many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures for students advising，university rules，the use of the library and all the
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major services of the university.
Beginning a new life in a new place can be very
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(puzzle)．The more knowledge students have about the school，the easier
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will be for them to adapt to the new environment.However，it takes time to get used to college life.
1．
2.
3.
4.
5．
6.
7.
8.
9．
10.
1．解析：考查介词。难度中等。根据文章的第一句话可知，空格前的“graduate”应与介词from搭配，意为“从……毕业”，符合文意。故空格处填from。
答案：from
2．解析：考查宾语从句。难度中等。“test”之后接的是宾语从句，well prepared是形容词短语，应用 how来修饰。故空格处填how。
答案：how
3．解析：考查名词。难度较大。空格处在句中作宾语，由此结合空格后的代词“them”可知，空格处应用提示词的名词复数形式。故空格处填applications。
答案：applications
4．解析：考查定语从句。难度中等。“universities”作为定语从句的先行词并且在从句中作主语，因此应用which/that作为定语从句的引导词。故空格处填which/that。
答案：which/that
5．解析：考查冠词。难度中等。根据语境可知，空格处表示的是泛指，interview读音的第一个音素是元音，因此应用不定冠词。故空格处填an。
答案：an
6．解析：考查副词。难度中等。空格处在句中作状语，修饰dressed，因此应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填Neatly。注意单词首字母大写。
答案：Neatly
7．解析：考查动词的时态。难度中等。空格处在句中作谓语，且与主语是被动关系，由此结合“主将从现”原则可知，空格处应用一般现在时。故空格处填are。
答案：are
8．解析：考查代词。难度中等。根据空格前内容可知，此处指的是大学的其他主要服务。故空格处填other。
答案：other
9．解析：考查形容词。难度中等。空格处在句中作表语，由此结合句中的主语可知，空格处应用提示词的现在分词形式(此处为现在分词形容词化)。故空格处填puzzling。
答案：puzzling
10．解析：考查代词，难度中等。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语，而能够作形式主语的代词只有it。故空格处填it。
答案：it
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Travelled abroad，you should follow the customs of the country where you are visiting.When you invited，it is good manners to refuse or accept an invitation，either by writing or by telephoning.If you go to the party，it is polite to reach on time.It is good manners to shake hand with your host.You can take a present if you like，possibly a bottle of wine，a box of chocolates and some flowers.However，it was not bad manners to take nothing.It is not polite to stay too late before the other guests have gone.Also，it is suggested to write or telephone a day or two late to thank your host.
答案： abroad，you should follow the customs of the country
you are visiting.When you
invited，it is good manners to refuse or accept
invitation，either by writing or by telephoning.If you go to the party，it is polite to
on time.It is good manners to shake
with your host.You can take a present if you like，possibly a bottle of wine，a box of chocolates
some flowers.However，it
not bad manners to take nothing.It is not polite to stay too late
the other guests have gone.Also，it is suggested to write or telephone a day or two
to thank your host.
Ⅳ.微型写作
【写作素材】
1．我们很幸运能有机会参观博物馆。
2．博物馆共分为三部分，分别为建筑艺术、收藏画和雕塑。
3．这三部分都会给大家带来无限乐趣。
4．我们将被分为三组去参观。
5．希望大家玩的好。
【连句成篇】 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
答案：We are so lucky to have the opportunity to visit the museum.The museum consists of three parts，one for architecture，one for painting collections and another for statues，all of which will bring us much delight.Now all of us will be divided into 3 groups to see them and I wish all of us an enjoyable time.