题组层级快练(三十一)
Ⅰ.完形填空
The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be ___1___. Solitude can be hard to discover ___2___ it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have ___3___ our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) ___4___ as we’ve known it. People have become so ___5___ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted ___6___ they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our ___7___, but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become ___8___ on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not ___9___ it would make them an outsider. ___10___, many jobs and careers require people to be ___11___. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a ___12___ to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who ___13___ wants it. Computers can be shut ___14___ and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many ___15___, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up ___16___ on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel ___17___ and forced to answer unwanted calls or ___18___ to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society ___19___ across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like ___20___ daily advancements in technology.
1. A. updated
B. received
C. shared
D. collected
2. A. though
B. until
C. once
D. before
3. A. respected
B. shaped
C. ignored
D. preserved
4. A. edge
B. stage
C. end
D. balance
5. A. sensitive
B. intelligent
C. considerate
D. reachable
6. A. even if
B. only if
C. as if
D. if only
7. A. media
B. computers
C. databases
D. monitors
8. A. bent
B. hard
C. keen
D. dependent
9. A. finding
B. using
C. protecting
D. changing
10. A. Also
B. Instead
C. Otherwise
D. Somehow
11. A. connected
B. trained
C. recommended
D. interested
12. A. pleasure
B. benefit
C. burden
D. disappointment
13. A. slightly
B. hardly
C. merely
D. really
14. A. out
B. down
C. up
D. in
15. A. aspects
B. weaknesses
C. advantages
D. exceptions
16. A. hidden
B. lost
C. relaxed
D. deserted
17. A. trapped
B. excited
C. confused
D. amused
18. A. turn
B. submit
C. object
D. reply
19. A. vary
B. arise
C. spread
D. exist
20. A. beyond
B. within
C. despite
D. without
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是一篇议论文。由于数码技术的发展，独处的概念几乎不复存在。尽管人们对现代技术持有不同的看法，但没有科技的进步，我们的生活会完全不同。
1. 答案
C
解析
根据全文第一句话可知，在数码时代里，独处的概念几乎是不存在的。由此可知，此处表示的是信息是共享的，故选C项。
2. 答案
C
解析
一旦被放弃，独处是很难被发现的。once意为“一旦”，符合语境，故选C项。though意为“尽管”；until意为“直到”；before意为“以前”。
3. 答案
B
解析
在这方面，新技术已经塑造了我们的未来。shape意为“塑造；使形成”，符合语境，故选B项。respect意为“尊敬”；ignore意为“忽视”；preserve意为“保护；保存”。
4. 答案
C
解析
根据本句中的connected可知，此处表示终止独处，bring sth. to an end意为“使结束，终止”，符合语境，故选C项。
5. 答案
D
解析
根据后半句可知，人们能够经常被联系。因此，在网络的世界里，人与人之间的联系已经变得如此容易。reachable意为“可达到的；可获得的”，符合语境。这与第三段最后一句中的reachable相照应，故选D项。
6. 答案
A
解析
在网络的世界里，人与人之间的联系已经变得如此容易，以至于即使不愿意被联系，也可能经常被联系到。even if意为“即使”；only if意为“只要”；as if意为“似乎”；if only意为“要是……该多好”。根据上下文的句意可知，此处表示让步关系，故选A项。
7. 答案
B
解析
根据上文中的network并结合常识可知，交谈、发短信、发送电子邮件等通过电脑和手机均可进行，故选B项。
8. 答案
D
解析
根据下文可知，许多发达国家已经依赖于数码技术。dependent意为“依靠的”，符合语境。
9. 答案
B
解析
根据上文可知，此处应意为“从这一点看，不使用数码技术会成为局外人。”故选B项。
10. 答案
A
解析
根据下文语境可知，此处进一步阐述人们与新技术的联系。故选A项。
11. 答案
A
解析
许多工作和职业需要人们被联系。根据上下文多次提到connect和contact，应选A项。
12. 答案
C
解析
根据下文中的may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.可推断出，经常被联系是一种负担。burden意为“负担”，符合语境。
13. 答案
D
解析
独处对于真正想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的。really意为“真正地”，符合语境。故选D项。
14. 答案
B
解析
根据下文中的turned off可知，此处应为与其意义一致的短语，表示电脑和手机都可以被关掉。shut down意为“关闭”，符合语境。
15. 答案
C
解析
根据下文中的disadvantage可知，此处表示新技术除了劣势之外，还有很多优势。
16. 答案
B
解析
根据下文可知，手机挽救了很多人的生命，因此此处是指旅游者在山上迷路了，故选B项。
17. 答案
A
解析
根据下文中的forced和unwanted可知，手机还会使人感到困窘，被迫接听不必要的电话，或者回复不必要的短信。trap意为“使陷入困境”，符合语境。
18. 答案
D
解析
根据上文可知，此处表示回复短信。reply意为“回答；回复”，符合语境。
19. 答案
A
解析
根据下文人们对现代技术的态度可知，态度在不同的时期会有所变化。vary意为“变化；改变”，符合语境。
20. 答案
D
解析
如果没有每日的技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。根据宾语从句中所用虚拟语气可知，条件从句表示否定意义，without符合语境。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A blood test that can predict whether someone may attempt suicide has been developed by scientists in a breakthrough which could prevent hundreds of deaths.
American researchers have found that variations in a single gene can be used to predict if someone is likely to take his own life. Researchers at John Hopkins University, in Baltimore, Maryland, found that the gene SKA2 stopped functioning correctly in people at risk of suicide. The SKA2 gene is found in the prefrontal cortex(前额皮层) of the brain, and is involved in preventing negative thoughts and controlling abnormal behavior. If there isn’t enough SKA2, or it is changed in some way, the body cannot control levels of cortisol (皮质醇). Previous research has shown that people who attempt suicide or who take their own lives have large amounts of cortisol in their systems. A test could allow doctors or psychologists to place patients on 搒uicide watch?and disableol their access to drugs or equipment which they could use to end their own life.
The research was reported in The American Journal of Psychology. 揥e need to study this in a larger sample but we believe that we might be able to monitor the blood to identify those at risk of suicide. After all, suicide is a major preventable public hemalth problem, but we have been stymied in our prevention efforts because we have no steady way to predict those who are at increased risk of killing themselves, ” says study leader Dr. Zachary Kaminsky, an assistant professor of psychological and behavioral sciences. “With a test like ours, we may be able to cut down suicide rates by identifying those people and intervening early enough to head off a catastrophe.”
The blood test managed to predict those with the most severe risk of suicide with 90 per cent accuracy. They could also spot if someone had already attempted suicide with 96 per cent accuracy, simply by looking at the levels of SKA2.
1. What’s the purpose of the blood test?
A. To predict people’s characters.
B. To help cure those who lack SKA2.
C. To see whether people get infected by illness.
D. To predict whether someone may attempt suicide.
2. According to the text, those who attempt suicide ________.
A. have too much SKA2
B. have variations in the gene SKA2
C. have fewer abnormal behaviors than others
D. have fewer amounts of cortisol in their systems
3. The underlined word “stymied” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”.
A. taken away
B. held back
C. cheered up
D. turned down
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the blood test research?
A. Objective.
B. Passive.
C. Cautious.
D. Doubtful.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
研究人员取得科研突破：通过验血能预测人们是否具有自杀倾向，从而防止更多悲剧发生。
1. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。根据第一段A blood test that can predict whether someone may attempt suicide has been developed by scientists in a breakthrough which could prevent hundreds of deaths.可知，通过验血来预测人们是否具有自杀倾向，从而防止更多悲剧发生。故选D项。
2. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。根据第二段中American researchers have found that variations in a single gene can be used to predict if someone is likely to take his own life.以及If there isn’t enough SKA2, or it is changed in some way, the body cannot control levels of cortisol. Previous research has shown that people who attempt suicide or who take their own lives have large amounts of cortisol in their systems.可知，通过验血可以检查一种基因是否发生变异，若体内SKA2基因含量不足，或以某种方式发生变化，人体将无法有效控制皮质醇含量。此前的研究发现，自杀或有自杀倾向的人体内皮质醇含量较高。由此可推知有自杀倾向的人的基因SKA2发生变异。
3. 答案
B
解析
词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词后because we have no steady way to predict those who are at increased risk of killing themselves可知，由于缺乏直观的途径预测人们的自杀风险，导致我们无法及时预防，划线词是“阻碍”的意思，故选B项。take away意为“拿走”；cheer up意为“振作起来”；turn down意为“拒绝”。
4. 答案
A
解析
观点态度题。研究表明，通过验血能预测人们是否具有自杀倾向，从而防止更多悲剧发生。然后客观地分析了这个测试。故作者是以客观的态度对待这一研究成果。故选A项。passive意为“消极的”；cautious意为“小心谨慎的”；doubtful意为“怀疑的”。
(2017·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试)English songs have been very popular for people around the world for many decades. Singers, from Elvis Presley to Ricky Martin, from the Beatles to Eminen and from Natalie Cole to Britney Spears, have all been sitting in everyone抯 he杀art, even for people who don’t speak English, But will you have better English skills if you listen to English songs for a long time?
From my experiences, some people listen to English songs for 20 — 30 years but still haven’t accomplished any good English skills. Some people choose English songs to be the “main learning approach”, but most of them have failed.
Listening to English songs does not help you to speak English fluently. It does help you gain some vocabularies. Most of them are unusual ones that you don’t use in your everyday life. You won’t learn the sentence “It is a complicate project. We really need to meet the deadline.” in any English songs.
People like using English songs to practice English skills because it’s easy and enjoyable. They think that sitting in the car listening to English songs day by day can improve their English skills. It is not that actually.
You will not improve your listening skills because normal people don’t speak with melody (乐调). People don’t talk like Eminen’s songs (well, actually, some teenagers do). You can’t get yourself familiar with English pronunciation or accent just from listening to English songs. The words that they pronounce in the songs are not the words that you will hear in your everyday life. It often even confuses you more how English is pronounced.
I would fully encourage you to watch English movies, listen to radio news or other normal talks, but not music. Of course, you can consume it for fun but not the aim to improve your English skills.
1. What’s the text mainly about?
A. How English songs help people practice English skills.
B. Who has made English songs popular all over the world.
C. Why people won’t improve their English by listening to English songs.
D. Where people can find good English songs to practise their English skills.
2. English songs are helpful for English learners if they want to ________.
A. speak English fluently
B. enlarge their vocabularies
C. improve their listening skills
D. learn to express themselves in daily life
3. Which of the following won’t probably appear in English songs?
A. Country road, take me home.
B. Every night I see you, I feel you.
C. It’s not a big big thing if you leave me.
D. We need to meet the deadline though it’s tough.
4. We can learn from the text that ________.
A. world-famous singers have done a lot to help people learn English
B. watching English movies or listening to radio news can be a great help
C. English songs get people familiar with English pronunciation or accent
D. most people who enjoy English songs in their car speak English very well
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是一篇议论文。作者认为“通过听英语歌曲来提高英语技能”这一做法是不可行的。文中阐述了具体原因，并给出了建议——看电影或听资讯广播会帮助提高英语技能。
1. 答案
C
解析
主旨大意题。通过对全文的理解可知，作者认为“通过听英语歌曲来提高英语技能”的做法是不可行的，文中具体论述了这个做法不可行的原因。故选C项。
2. 答案
B
解析
细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，听英语歌曲不会帮助你流利地说英语，但是它确实可以帮助你增加词汇量。故选B项。
3. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，你不会在任何英语歌曲中学习到类似“这是一个复杂的项目。我们真的需要在最后期限之前完成”这样的句子。故选D项。
4. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者鼓励人们通过看英语电影、听广播资讯或其他正常的对话来练习英语口语而不是听音乐。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(广东十校2017届第一次联考)Here in China, as the awareness of climate change improves, realizing a low-carbon way of life, also known as reducing your carbon footprint, is a growing trend among young Chinese.
Zheng Xiyu works at ___1___ office in Beijing’s Central Business District. Every day, ___2___ takes her roughly 40 minutes to go to work by bus. But she is thinking of ___3___ (switch) to a different way of transport — a bicycle. When buying clothes, she will choose those purely made of cotton, ___4___ it takes less carbon to produce cotton clothes. She抯 also adapting to a vegetable diet as livestock (s家畜) can make many contributions ___5___ today’s most serious environmental problems.
A recent survey shows ___6___ 78% of all the 17,000 people questioned have developed environmentally friendly habits in their daily lives. They are doing things, such as taking reusable shopping bags to the store and setting the air conditioner at a temperature above 26 ℃ in summer. On many popular ___7___(society) networking websites, people are advocating a low-carbon lifestyle. Their tips include using the stairs and public transport more frequently ___8___ elevators and cars. They hope this lifestyle ___9___(become) more than just a trend within certain groups.
As the most populous nation on the planet with the world抯 fastest growing economy, China has become the second biggest emitter (T排放者) of greenhouse gases. The recent extreme weather in the southern regions reflects a serious environmental challenge. Experts say there is no time ___10___(delay) with the effort to reduce carbon emissions.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】
本文通过郑惜玉的一些做法告诉人们，在中国，随着人们环保意识的增强，越来越多的人采取了低碳生活方式。同时。由于目前的环境问题越来越严峻，中国努力减少碳排放量已经势在必行。
1. 答案
an
解析
考查冠词。office为可数名词，而且发音以元音音素开头，此处泛指，故用不定冠词an。
2. 答案
it
解析
考查代词。it在句中作形式主语，to go to work by bus是真正的主语。
3. 答案
switching
解析
考查非谓语动词。介词后用动名词作宾语。
4. 答案
because/as
解析
考查上下文的逻辑关系。根据上下文意思可知，她买纯棉衣服是因为制作纯棉的衣服碳排放量少。因此，用because/as引导原因状语从句。
5. 答案
to
解析
考查固定词组。make contributions to为固定搭配，意为“促成，造成；为……作贡献”。
6. 答案
that
解析
考查句法结构。that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中不作成分。
7. 答案
social
解析
考查词性转换。修饰名词websites，故用形容词。
8. 答案
than
解析
考查句法结构。根据句中using the stairs and public transport more frequently可知，此处应为比较结构，故用than。
9. 答案
will become
解析
考查时态。根据句中的they hope ...可知，用一般将来时。
10. 答案
to delay
解析
考查非谓语动词。用to do结构作定语，修饰名词time，表示“没有时间可以拖延了”。