题组层级快练(三十八)
Ⅰ.完形填空
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top ___1___, but on their way back conditions were very ___2___. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon ___3___ alone, he would probably get back ___4___. But Simon decided to risk his ___5___ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳).
As they ___6___ down, the weather got worse. Then another ___7___ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, ___8___, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁). It was ___9___ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s ___10___ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. ___11___, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to ___12___. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe ___13___ into a large crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he ___14___ to get out of the crevasse and started to ___15___ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers ___16___.
Simon had ___17___ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be ___18___, but he didn’t want to leave ___19___. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t ___20___ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
1. A. hurriedly
B. carefully
C. successfully
D. early
2. A. difficult
B. similar
C. special
D. normal
3. A. climbed
B. worked
C. rested
D. continued
4. A. unwillingly
B. safely
C. slowly
D. regretfully
5. A. fortune
B. time
C. health
D. life
6. A. lay
B. settled
C. went
D. looked
7. A. damage
B. storm
C. change
D. trouble
8. A. by mistake
B. by chance
C. by choice
D. by luck
9. A. unnecessary
B. practical
C. important
D. impossible
10. A. height
B. weight
C. strength
D. equipment
11. A. Finally
B. Patiently
C. Surely
D. Quickly
12. A. stand back
B. take a rest
C. make a decision
D. hold on
13. A. jumped
B. fell
C. escaped
D. backed
14. A. managed
B. planned
C. waited
D. hoped
15. A. run
B. skate
C. move
D. march
16. A. around
B. away
C. above
D. along
17. A. headed for
B. traveled to
C. left for
D. returned to
18. A. dead
B. hurt
C. weak
D. late
19. A. secretly
B. tiredly
C. immediately
D. anxiously
20. A. find
B. believe
C. make
D. accept
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文为记叙文，题材是人物故事类。两名勇敢的攀登者成功地从修拉格兰德西坡登顶，然而在返回的路程中，发生了意想不到的情况。
1. 答案
C
解析
连词but提示上下文之间存在转折关系。下文提到乔在回来的路上摔伤了腿，由此判断回程艰难，登顶成功(successfully)。
2. 答案
A
解析
他们成功登顶，但是在返回的路上情况变得艰难起来。
3. 答案
D
解析
根据上文on their way back以及下文get back可知，这里指西蒙继续返回。
4. 答案
B
解析
西蒙有可能是独自安全(safely)返回的。A项“不情愿地”；C项“缓慢地”；D项“懊悔地”。
5. 答案
D
解析
但是西蒙决定冒生命危险用绳子将乔放到山下去。risk one’s life意为“冒生命危险”。
6. 答案
C
解析
当他们下降(go down)时，天气越发恶劣起来。lie down“躺下”；settle down“安顿下来”；look down“俯视”。
7. 答案
D
解析
根据下文可推断出，这里指又一件麻烦事(trouble)发生了。A项“损坏”；B项“暴风雨”；C项“改变”。
8. 答案
A
解析
根据上文“他们既看不到彼此也听不到彼此的声音”推断，这里指西蒙错将乔放到了峭壁的边缘。A项“错误地”；B项“偶然地”；C项“出于自己的选择”；D项“侥幸”。
9. 答案
D
解析
根据下文可知，西蒙最终割断了绳子，由此推断：乔爬上来或是西蒙把他拉上来是不可能了。
10. 答案
B
解析
乔的体重(weight)正慢慢将西蒙拽向峭壁。A项“高度”；C项“力量”；D项“设备”。
11. 答案
A
解析
终于( Finally)，在黑暗与彻骨的寒冷中挣扎一个多小时之后，西蒙不得不作出抉择。B项“耐心地”；C项“必定”；D项“迅速地”。
12. 答案
C
解析
根据下文“西蒙流着泪割断了绳索”可知，这就是他作出的决定(make a decision)。A项“退后”；B项“休息一会儿”；D项“不挂断电话；坚持住”。
13. 答案
B
解析
割断绳子后，乔落入(fall into)下面冰层上的一个巨大的裂缝中。
14. 答案
A
解析
根据下文started to ... to wards their camp可推断出，乔设法离开了那个裂缝。manage to do意为“做成；设法完成”。
15. 答案
C
解析
根据上文He couldn’t walk可推断出，move(移动，挪动)一词最符合语境。A项“跑”；B项“滑冰”；D项“行军；前进”。
16. 答案
B
解析
营地离此处将近10公里远。副词away表示“在(某距离)处”。
17. 答案
D
解析
西蒙已经返回(return to)山脚下的营地。A项“前往”；B项“去……(旅行)”；C项“动身去”。
18. 答案
A
解析
根据文章最后一句中still alive可推断出，西蒙原以为乔一定是死了。
19. 答案
C
解析
根据下文时间状语Three days later可推断出，这里指西蒙并未立即(immediately)离开营地。A项“秘密地”；B项“疲倦地”；D项“焦虑地”。
20. 答案
B
解析
三天后的夜里，乔竟然奇迹般地活着回到了营地，这当然是令西蒙难以置信的，故答案选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Mothers and daughters go through so much — yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal co-writers as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped (重叠).
Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother’s: both have full-time careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read. They also love to travel — in fact, they often take trips together. But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.
A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls. Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she抯 ever accomplished. Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged ain the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s. For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.
Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns at exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together. Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork. Perri admits that she can’t sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy. Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.
Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet(二重奏)that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.
1. Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mother’s?
A. They both have gone through difficult times.
B. They have strong emotional ties with each other.
C. They have the same joys and pains, and love and bitterness.
D. They both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.
2. The underlined word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means “________”.
A. something rare but not pleasant
B. something that cannot be imagined
C. something expensive but not necessary
D. something that can only be enjoyed by boys
3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The content of the book.
B. The purpose of the book.
C. The influence of the book.
D. The writing style of the book.
4. How are women’s lives explored in this book?
A. In a musical form.
B. Through field research.
C. With unique writing skills.
D. From different points of view.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本篇文章记录了一对经历相似的母女，她们都经历了女儿、母亲的阶段，又都是成功的作家。相同的天赋，相同的感觉，成就了一对母女作家二重奏。
1. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。由第二段的第一句Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother’s: both have full-time careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read.可知，珀莉认为她和她母亲有很多相似的经历，故选D项。
2. 答案
C
解析
词义猜测题。由文章第三段第一句A child of the Depression, Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.中的经济大萧条这个时间背景可推知，对于女孩子来讲接受教育被认为是昂贵而没必要的；由本段最后对希拉和珀莉消费观念的对比也可推知C项正确。
3. 答案
A
解析
段落大意题。由第四段第一句Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns at exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together.及最后一句Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.可知，本段是她们所写的书的内容，故选A项。
4. 答案
D
解析
推理判断题。由文章最后一段第一句话Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together ...可知，该书是母女二人从不同的观点来探索女性的生活。
The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack抯 dare. They liked campi,ng, but not near this swamp.
?So”, Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name? ”
?Are you sure you want to hear it? It’s a scary story,” warned Jack.
?Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!”
?Ok, but don’t say I didn’t warn you,” said Jack, and he began this tale.
?Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different — it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.
“‘You are clearing too much land’, warned one old man. ‘The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it.’
“‘Silly fool,’ said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!’”
“Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”
“What happened?” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
“The land hit back — just as the old man warned,” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.”
“What a stupid story,” laughed Tom. “Plants can’t ...” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted(晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
1. The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to “________”.
A. courage
B. assistance
C. instruction
D. challenge
2. Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?
A. To frighten them.
B. To satisfy their curiosity.
C. To warn them of the danger of the place.
D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
3. Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?
A. The old man envied him.
B. The old man was foolish
C. He was too busy to listen to others.
D. He was greedy for more crops.
4. Why did Tom scream and faint?
A. He saw Dennis’s shadow.
B. He was scared by a plant.
C. His friends played a joke on him.
D. The weather became extremely cold.
5. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?
A. Grasp all, lose all.
B. No sweat, no sweet.
C. It is no use crying over spilt milk.
D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文为记叙文，讲述了三个小男孩去丹尼斯沼泽地野营的事。文章围绕沼泽地名称的由来展开了一个骇人听闻的故事。
1. 答案
D
解析
词义猜测题。通过对上下文的理解可知，他们接受了杰克的“挑战”而来到这片沼泽地。
2. 答案
B
解析
细节理解题。由第二、四段可知，马丁和汤姆对沼泽地名字的由来感到很好奇。
3. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。根据倒数第五段中的If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!可知，丹尼斯认为，开垦更多的土地，就能种植更多的庄稼，他就会变得更加富有。因此D项正确。
4. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。根据最后一段的Some green swamp ivy had covered Tom’s face.可知，汤姆是被常春藤的叶子盖到脸部而吓到了。因此选B项。
5. 答案
A
解析
推理判断题。从丹尼斯的故事中我们得到的教训是：贪多必失。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划—横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday I had an argument with my best friend and I felt such angry that I just wanted to be lonely. I am the kind of person who is not shy about showing real feelings. Thus, the fact that I was on a very busy street did not stop me crying my eye out for an hour. I thought that people would not care anyway so I didn’t feel that this would affect everyone. To my surprise, this was not case. I was shocking to realize that people around me approached me and ask me what had happened. They offered tissues but tried to make me smile. I felt very grateful for have met people that would go out of their way to ensure that if a stranger was all right.
答案与解析
Yesterday I had an argument with my best friend and I felt such angry that I just
so
wanted to be lonely. I am the kind of person who is not shy about showing real
alone
feelings. Thus, the fact that I was on a very busy street did not stop me crying my eye
eyes
out for an hour. I thought that people would not care anyway so I didn’t feel that this would affect everyone. To my surprise, this was not ∧case. I was shocking
to
anyone
the
shocked
realize that people around me approached me and ask
me what had happened.
asked
They offered tissues but tried to make me smile. I felt very grateful for have met
and
having
people that would go out of their way to ensure that if a stranger was all right.
第1处：such改为so。such后跟名词，而 so后跟形容词或副词。
第2处：lonely改为alone。此处用alone表示“单独的；独自的”。而lonely则表示“孤独的；寂寞的”。
第3处：eye改为eyes。cry one’s eyes out为固定搭配，意为“痛哭”。
第4处：everyone改为anyone。在否定句及疑问句中用any及其合成词。
第5处：在case前加the。This/That is/was not the case意为“情况并非如此”。
第6处：shocking改为shocked。shocked指人，而shocking指物或事情。
第7处：ask改为asked。此处用一般过去时，与前面句子时态一致。
第8处：but改为and。前后句为并列关系。
第9处：have改为having。介词后跟V-ing形式作宾语。
第10处：去掉that后的if。ensure等于make sure，后跟that引导的宾语从句。