题组层级快练(七)
Ⅰ.完形填空
There once was a poor and frustrated salesman. He complained every day that there was no platform for him to display his ___1___ and the fate was often ___2___ his leg. On Christmas Eve, every family decorated their houses with lanterns and it was very festive everywhere. But he was sitting alone on a bench in a park and recalling the ___3___. It was on the same day last year when he was also drinking ___4___, without a house, new clothes or ___5___ new shoes. “I have to spend this Christmas Eve with these old shoes in the park again,” he ___6___ and began to take off the old shoes. ___7___, he glanced at a young man in a wheelchair passing by him with his hands ___8___ pushing the wheels forward. It ___9___ him that he was so lucky that he could wear ___10___ while that man did not even have the chance. Afterwards, the salesman did anything in a (n) ___11___ mood and cherished every opportunity to ___12___ himself. He worked hard and tried to make ___13___ every day. Several years later, he eventually changed his life ___14___ and became a millionaire.
If you look around, you will find there are so many people who were born ___15___, but they are confident in life ___16___ complaining about the fate. They constantly ___17___ to make themselves stronger and more excellent to serve our society. We should feel ashamed ___18___ we are tired of life, though we are born healthy. Maybe we would feel ___19___ when we realize we have fallen into such a frustrating state, but worse is we ___20___ realize that.
1. A. ability
B. advice
C. promise
D. decision
2. A. pushing
B. slimming
C. protecting
D. pulling
3. A. matter
B. time
C. past
D. future
4. A. quickly
B. alone
C. beautifully
D. commonly
5. A. even
B. just
C. once
D. yet
6. A. sighed
B. whispered
C. screamed
D. smiled
7. A. Hesitantly
B. Suddenly
C. Embarrassedly
D. Shyly
8. A. smoothly
B. aimlessly
C. easily
D. difficultly
9. A. thought of
B. happened to
C. led to
D. occurred to
10. A. clothes
B. hats
C. glasses
D. shoes
11. A. calm
B. anxious
C. weak
D. poor
12. A. change
B. adjust
C. improve
D. pretend
13. A. room
B. progress
C. sense
D. errors
14. A. frequently
B. totally
C. nearly
D. hardly
15. A. disabled
B. healthy
C. strong-minded
D. short
16. A. instead of
B. apart from
C. as a result of
D. on behalf of
17. A. struggle
B. intend
C. determine
D. encourage
18. A. though
B. so
C. because
D. when
19. A. hopeful
B. ready
C. afraid
D. thrilled
20. A. ever
B. never
C. seldom
D. always
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个贫穷且失意的推销员在看到一个残疾人艰难地前行后，认识到生活中比自己不如意的人还有很多，自己不应该抱怨生活，而应该改变自己的心态。
1. 答案
A
解析
考查名词。根据上文的complained可知，此处男子在抱怨他没有平台展示自己的能力。故答案为A项。
2. 答案
D
解析
考查动词。此处指的是命运常常捉弄他。pull sb.’s leg“捉弄某人；和某人开玩笑”。故答案为D项。
3. 答案
C
解析
考查名词。根据下文的It was on the same day last year可知，他是在回忆过去，故答案为C项。
4. 答案
B
解析
考查副词。根据上文的he was sitting alone on a bench可知他是独自一人，与下文的again呼应，故答案为B项。
5. 答案
A
解析
考查副词。此处表示推销员没有房子和新衣服，甚至连新鞋也没有。此处是递进关系，答案为A项。
6. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。根据上文的I have to spend this Christmas Eve with these old shoes in the park again可知，他对自己的现状很不满。故答案为A项，sigh“叹气道；叹着气说”。
7. 答案
B
解析
考查副词。突然，他瞥见一位坐轮椅的残疾人。
8. 答案
D
解析
考查副词。根据常识可知，坐轮椅的残疾人推动轮椅前进是一件非常艰难的事。故答案为D项。
9. 答案
D
解析
考查动词短语。此处表示他突然想到他是如此幸运，因为他可以穿鞋，而那个残疾男子连穿鞋的机会都没有。think of“想起”；happen to“碰巧”；lead to“导致”；occur to“被想到；出现在头脑中”。此处是“It occurred to sb. that ...”，意为“某人突然想到……”。
10. 答案
D
解析
考查名词。根据语境及上文中的he could wear可知，此处指的是他可以穿鞋。故选D项。
11. 答案
A
解析
考查形容词。根据下文可知，他醒悟后生活态度发生了变化，因此选A项。
12. 答案
C
解析
考查动词。根据语境可知此处表示男子珍惜每一个提高自我的机会。
13. 答案
B
解析
考查名词。此处表示他努力工作并争取每天能取得进步。make room“腾出空间”；make progress“进步”；make sense“有道理；讲得通”；make errors“出错”。故答案为B项。
14. 答案
B
解析
考查副词。frequently“频繁地”；totally“完全”；nearly“几乎”；hardly“几乎不”。根据下文的became a millionaire可知这个男子的生活完全改变了。
15. 答案
A
解析
考查形容词。根据下文的but they are confident in life可知此处是转折关系，因此选A项，与下文的are born healthy呼应。
16. 答案
A
解析
考查介词短语。由下文的complaining about the fate以及上文的confident in life可知，此处表示他们没有抱怨命运，而是对生活充满信心，故选A项。instead of “代替”；apart from “除……外(都)”；as a result of “由于”；on behalf of “代表”。
17. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。此处表示他们不断地努力使自己更加强大。struggle to do sth.“努力做……”。
18. 答案
C
解析
考查连词。根据上下文逻辑关系可知，此处是因果关系。我们应该感到惭愧，因为我们虽然很健康，我们却厌倦生活。
19. 答案
C
解析
考查形容词。根据下文的when we realize we have fallen into such a frustrating state可知，当我们陷入这种颓废的状态中时我们可能会感到害怕。故答案为C项。
20. 答案
B
解析
考查副词。根据下文的worse可知，后面说的是更糟糕的事情，因此选择B项。更糟糕的是我们从未意识到那一点。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
The first Cybathlon, an Olympics for bionic athletes, will take place in Switzerland in October 2016. Hosted by the Swiss National Competence Center of Research, it is hoped that the competition will spur interest in human performance-enhancing technology.
The event will include a race where competitors control an avatar(化身) via a brain interface(接口). The brain-computer interface race is designed for competitors who are paralysed from the neck down. They will control an avatar in a computer racing game via a headset that connects the brain to a computer. There will also be races for those wearing arm or leg prosthetics(义肢), an exoskeleton race and a wheelchair race.
The assistive devices worn by the athletes, who will be known as pilots, can either be ones that are already commercially available or prototypes(原型) from research labs.
There will be two medals for each competition, one for the pilot and one for company that developed the device.
Prof Hugh Herr, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is currently in negotiations with health care professionals to get the bionic limbs more widely available to those who need them.
Often though there was a disconnect between technology and patients, said Prof Robert Riener, event organizer, from the University of Switzerland.
?The idea is that we want to push development of assistive technologies towards devices that patients can really use in everyday life,” he told the BBC. “Some of the current technologies look very fancy but are a long way from being practical and user-friendly,” he added.
The other main aim of the games is to allow people to compete who have never had the opportunity before. “We allow technology that has previously been forbidden from the Paralympics. By making it a public event we want to get rid of the borders between patients, society and the technology community,” Professor Riener said.
1. The underlined word “spur” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. associate
B. attract
C. negotiate
D. register
2. How many races are mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A. Three.
B. Five.
C. Seven.
D. Nine.
3. Which of the following is one of main aims of Cybathlon?
A. To help the disabled live a better life.
B. To show Switzerland’s advanced technology.
C. To prove humans can beat robots in some fields.
D. To offer people who never have an opportunity to take part in a competition.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文主要介绍的是全球第一届“神经机械假肢奥运会”以及其举办目的。
1. 答案
B
解析
词义推测题。根据下文所述可知，全球第一届“神经机械假肢奥运会”以激发全社会关注提高人体运动的技术为其目的，故选B项。
2. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。第二段介绍了为全身瘫痪运动员打造的人脑与计算机相连接的比赛，还有手臂假体、下肢、外骨骼及轮椅五个比赛项目。
3. 答案
D
解析
推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，大赛主要的目的之一就是给那些从来没有机会参与过竞赛的人一次机会，故选D项。
Do you often feel confused by masses of nutrition studies in the media? When it comes to feeding your family, being able to break down the scientific research process to make informed nutrition choices is essential.
Conflicting information
It’s natural to wonder about nutrition studies mentioned in headlines. One moment a study recommends eating fish or butter and not long after that, another study contradicts the very thing you just added to your grocery cart. As consumers are hungry for good health, it’s easy to get caught up in and sometimes be discouraged by the studies that promise the newest food that can improve their health.
Understanding the process
Rather than doubting yourself, it is better to understand the research process behind the headlines. The next time you read one that sells the next food trend, you’ll be able to tell whether it’s a good option for your family.
?Just that you read it in the paper doesn’t mean you should change your eating habits overnight, because that’s not the way we in science typically operate,” explained Dr. Michael Doyle.
Steps for quality research
These are three main steps for conducting thorough research. Research that fits within these categories is recognized as the gold standard.
Transparency(透明性): Reliable research includes communication that’s honest, open and easy to understand.
Reproducibility: Different scientific researchers participate in studies that come to the same conclusion.
Meta-analysis: There is an ability to contrast and combine results from different studies to look for differences or agreement.
If these three steps cannot be successfully completed, testing will continue until the scientists determine the same result. Unfortunately this kind of process promises no immediate results.
Further review
Once a studio successfully meets the steps of transparency and reproducibility, the research is turned over to scientists who were not involved in the initial research for an independent evaluation. These scientists perform a meta-analysis, contrasting and combining results from different studies and looking for differences or agreement. Only after going through this process can research be considered scientifically proved.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Find out the truth behind nutritional studies.
B. Keep yourself informed of scientific studies.
C. Avoid being cheated by numbers of media.
D. Figure out what is the best for your health.
2. The underlined part in the passage means “________”.
A. get rid of
B. be clear of
C. get involved in
D. get excited about
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. the research process is rarely known by people
B. you should not believe what the papers say
C. the media mislead the customers on purpose
D. it is wise to think twice before your decision
4. What kind of research can be considered qualified?
A. It should be carried out with a scientific attitude.
B. It should be much easy to understand by the public.
C. It should be successfully completed by the scientists.
D. It should be fit for the three steps referred to above.
5. Why is the research handed over to some scientists?
A. Because the scientists doubt the truth of the research.
B. Because the scientists believe they have other sound ideas.
C. Because the research needs an independent evaluation.
D. Because the scientists like finding fault with others.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉人们不要盲目地相信媒体中提到的营养研究，它有时会误导人们。
1. 答案
A
解析
主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章从四个方面讲述了如何就自己的饮食作出正确的选择，而不是盲目地跟从媒体的报道。故选A项。
2. 答案
C
解析
词义猜测题。依据文中的As consumers are hungry for good heahh和be discouraged by the studies可知，因为消费者渴求健康，所以很容易被一些研究误导。故选C项。
3. 答案
D
解析
推理判断题。依据文章Understanding the process这一部分中的it is better to understand the research process behind the headlines可知，不能盲目地相信媒体报道，要了解一种饮食给人类健康带来益处的研究过程。故选D项。
4. 答案
D
解析
细节理解题。依据文章Steps for quality research这一部分中的Research that fits within these categories is recognized as the gold standard，可知D项正确。
5. 答案
C
解析
细节理解题。依据文章最后一段可知，满足前两个步骤之后，这项研究就会被移交给未参与该项研究的科学家做一个独立的评估。故选C项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Mothers’ Day was coming, a man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be wired to his mother who lived two hundred miles away. As he got out of his car, he noticed that a young girl ___1___(sit) on the street sobbing. He asked ___2___ was wrong with her and she replied, “I wanted to buy a red rose ___3___ my mother. But I only have seventy-five cents, and ___4___ rose costs two dollars.”
The man smiled and said, “Come on in with me. I’ll buy you a rose.” After they went in, he bought a rose for the little girl and ordered flowers for ___5___ own mother.
As they were leaving, he offered to ride the girl home. She said, “Yes, please! But can you take me to my mother?” “To your mother?” the man was a little ___6___(puzzle) but didn’t say anything. She directed him to a cemetery(墓地), ___7___ she placed the rose on a ___8___(fresh) dug grave. The man was shocked and returned ___9___ the flower shop, canceled the wire order, picked up a bunch of flowers ___10___ drove the two hundred miles to his mother’s house.
答案
1. was sitting
2. what
3. for
4. a
5. his
6. puzzled
7. where
8. freshly
9. to
10. and