题组层级快练(二十四)
Ⅰ.完形填空
Last year, I kept having this annoying feeling that I was living just for “myself”. With this in mind, I ___1___ to be a volunteer to get rid of this bad feeling.
After contacting a number of organizations by phone, I got a(n) ___2___ back from a dance studio in New Jersey.
On the first day of my ___3___, a remarkable young girl caught my ___4___. That girl could dance.
Apart from her natural skill, which was a ___5___ to witnesses, she even ___6___ the whole room.
She was a ten-year-old African American, and was wearing a pair of big-rimmed glasses. At the end of the ___7___, I pulled her aside and asked her, “How ___8___ have you been taking lessons?” She replied ___9___, “I wish I had! I have never taken a class.” Hearing what she said, I was ___10___.
Her teacher told me that she ___11___ in a group home, and then I ___12___ what I should do. I called child and family services in order to let her study in dance lessons and let me be ___13___ to become her mentor (导师). Now, for the past year and a half, I’ve ___14___ her every week, taking her to eat, to read, to see movies, and to visit street fairs.
One day, she told me “No one has ___15___ wanted me. I had been ___16___ since my birth.” Her words touched me ___17___, but I could only reply, “Honey, you are lovable, ___18___ and unique. Many people like you. I ___19___ I will always take good care of you!” We both laughed.
I love this girl. I had a(n)___20___ childhood and I want to pay it forward!
1. A. pretended
B. decided
C. refused
D. promised
2. A. letter
B. invitation
C. call
D. check
3. A. volunteering
B. schooling
C. camping
D. teaching
4. A. breath
B. imagination
C. interest
D. attention
5. A. worry
B. delight
C. surprise
D. comfort
6. A. woke up
B. picked up
C. lit up
D. took up
7. A. class
B. meeting
C. movie
D. experiment
8. A. far
B. often
C. soon
D. long
9. A. clearly
B. shyly
C. quietly
D. firmly
10. A. careless
B. helpless
C. speechless
D. hopeless
11. A. lived
B. visited
C. begged
D. danced
12. A. checked
B. ignored
C. considered
D. knew
13. A. hoped
B. trained
C. meant
D. refused
14. A. attended
B. seen
C. changed
D. called
15. A. even
B. already
C. ever
D. once
16. A. ignored
B. loved
C. cured
D. controlled
17. A. gently
B. hardly
C. slightly
D. deeply
18. A. clever
B. valuable
C. honest
D. confident
19. A. convince
B. expect
C. promise
D. hope
20. A. miserable
B. uninteresting
C. forgettable
D. great
答案与解析
【文章大意】
在当志愿者的时候，作者在一个舞蹈练功房里结识了一个小女孩，她的故事触动了作者，作者希望能一直陪伴她走下去，让她拥有更加美好的生活。
1. 答案
B
解析
考查动词。作者感觉活得太过自我，想要改变，便决定(decided)去做志愿者的工作。
2. 答案
C
解析
考查名词。call意为“打电话”。在联系了很多机构以后，作者接到了一个来自舞蹈练功房的回电。
3. 答案
A
解析
考查动名词。根据第一段中的be a volunteer to get rid of this bad feeling的暗示可知，此处指在作者做志愿(volunteering)工作的第一天，一个舞姿卓越的小女孩吸引了作者的注意。
4. 答案
D
解析
考查固定搭配。catch one’s attention为固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的注意”。
5. 答案
B
解析
考查名词。小女孩擅长跳舞，因此看她跳舞是一件令人高兴的事(delight)。
6. 答案
C
解析
考查动词短语。小女孩的表演甚至照亮了(lit up)整个房间，此处用来形容小女孩的卓越舞姿。
7. 答案
A
解析
考查名词。舞蹈课(class)结束之后，作者把小女孩拉到一旁，和她交谈。
8. 答案
D
解析
考查上下文逻辑。小女孩的舞姿很好，作者便好奇地询问她学习跳舞有多久(how long)了。
9. 答案
B
解析
考查副词。shyly意为“羞怯地；腼腆地”。小女孩第一次见到作者，因此回答问题的时候十分害羞。
10. 答案
C
解析
考查形容词。跳舞跳得很好的小女孩却没有接受过舞蹈培训，这让作者震惊地说不出话来(speechless)。
11. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。由文中的a group home可知小女孩生活(live)在一个教养院里。
12. 答案
D
解析
考查语篇理解。了解了小女孩的故事以后，作者知道(knew)自已应该做些什么了。
13. 答案
B
解析
考查语篇理解。除了让小女孩学习舞蹈外，作者自己也接受培训(trained)，从而可以成为小女孩的人生导师。
14. 答案
B
解析
考查动词。从下文的taking her to eat, to read, to see movies, and to visit street fairs等一系列活动可以看出，作者每一周都可以看到(seen)小女孩。
15. 答案
C
解析
考查语篇理解。ever表示“曾经”。此处小女孩在讲述自己之前的生活，即没有人要她。这和作者出现以后小女孩的生活形成对比。
16. 答案
A
解析
考查动词。由于生活在一个教养院里，小女孩感觉自己被忽视了(ignored)。
17. 答案
D
解析
考查副词。小女孩的话深深地(deeply)触动了作者。
18. 答案
B
解析
考查语境选词。valuable意为“很重要的；宝贵的”。此处是作者安慰小女孩，让她相信自己是很重要的。
19. 答案
C
解析
考查动词。作者承诺(promise)会一直好好照顾小女孩。
20. 答案
D
解析
考查形容词。从下文中的pay it forward可以看出，作者拥有美好的(great)童年。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Science Daily — Though cellphones are usually considered to be devices that connect people, they may make users less socially minded, finds a recent study from the University of Maryland抯 Robert H. Smith School of Business.
第Marketing professors Anastasiya Pocheptsova and Rosellina Ferraro, with the graduate student, Ajay T. Abraham, conducted a series of experiments on test groups of cellphone users. The findings appeared in their working paper The Effect of Mobile Phone Use on Prosocial Behavior.
Prosocial behavior, as defined in the study, is action intended to benefit another person or society as a whole.
The researchers found that after a short period of cellphone use the subjects were less inclined to volunteer for a community service activity when asked, compared to the control-group counterparts. The cellphone users were also less persistent in solving word problems — even though they knew their answers would be translated to a monetary donation to charity.
The study involved separate sets of college student subjects ?both men and women and generally in their early 20s. 揥e would expect a similar pattern of effects with people from other age grou wps,” said Ferraro. “Given the increasing pervasiveness(盛行)of cellphones, it does have the potential to have broad social implications.”
The authors cited previous research in explaining a root cause of their findings: “The cellphone directly evokes feelings of connectivity to others, thereby fulfilling the basic human need to belong to.” This results in reducing one’s desire to connect with others or to engage in empathic(同情的) and prosocial behavior.
The study also distinguished its subjects from users of other social media — Facebook users — in one of the tests. The authors found that participants felt more connected to others because of their cellphones than because of their Facebook accounts, suggesting that this difference in connectedness was the underlying driver of the observed phenomenon.
1. A person will conduct prosocial behavior when he ________.
A. gives up the use of cellphone
B. uses the cellphone a lot
C. takes part in community service
D. is closely connected to his friends
2. Students who use cellphones a lot are less willing to volunteer for a community service activity because ________.
A. they feel directly connected to others
B. they have broader social responsibilities
C. they are more willing to solve world problems
D. they want to separate themselves from others
3. What makes Facebook users different from cellphone users?
A. The difference in connectedness.
B. Different purposes.
C. Different accounts.
D. Different human needs.
4. Compared with cellphone users, Facebook users probably ________.
A. feel more connected to their friends
B. have a lot more friends
C. don’t like to engage in prosocial behavior
D. are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是科普说明文。研究发现，经常使用手机的人往往不愿意从事有利于他人和社会的活动，变得自私。
1. 答案
C
解析
推理判断题。结合文章第三段和第四段的信息可知，Prosocial behavior是一种有利于社会或者他人的行为，因此C项正确。
2. 答案
A
解析
细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段The cellphone directly evokes feelings of connectivity to others ...可知，A项正确。
3. 答案
A
解析
细节理解题。从文章最后一段this difference in connectedness可知，答案为A项。
4. 答案
C
解析
推理判断题。从文章最后一段可知，脸谱网用户跟他人的联系感没有那么紧密。因此推断C项正确。
There’s no good evidence to prove that life exists or ever existed on other planets beyond the earth.
Hundreds of biologists, geologists, chemists and astronomers have conducted research on astrobiology(天体生物学). That’s because there is plenty to think about before we actually find alien life. Scientists tend to be more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe.
In 1996 Onstott dug up rocks a mile below the surface, and he extracted(提取) bacteria that were living cheerfully in harsh conditions completely isolated from the rest of the biosphere (生物圈). Onstott’s discovery is just one of dozens that established the existence of so-called extremophiles(嗜极生物), bacteria and other forms of life thriving in such hostile places. Life can deal with a wider range of conditions.
Miller had probed the origin of life by passing electricity through a glass container of organic chemicals to see what came out. Bada found fascinating hints that the origin of life may well be on an Earth-like planet rather than the exception.
Kanfman dealt with the question of how many such planets are likely to exist.
Unfortunately, the most habitable planet found is widely believed not to exist life at all. Butler and Vogt appropriately noted that their find would have to be confirmed by others before it could be considered rock solid. The same applies to evidence of alien life. In no case was any real E. T.
proved to exist. The twin Viking probes landed on Mars and performed on-site tests of the soil, looking for life. Most came back negatively, but one, designed by NASA scientist Gilbert Levin, showed suspicious activity.
Research has proved what’s true today often is overturned tomorrow, and what’s rejected today may be accepted tomorrow. Even if you limit your thinking to life, the Milky Way is likely teeming with life. Researchers are considering the possibility of planets dominated by a sulfur cycle rather than the carbon cycle. That would be life as we don’t know it. Kaufman’s claim “scientists will determine life exists elsewhere in the universe” may actually be an understatement.
1. Why do scientists do research on astrobiology?
A. Because there’s no evidence that life exists or ever existed beyond the earth.
B. Because they have actually found alien life out in the universe.
C. Because many people don’t think there’s life beyond the earth.
D. Because scientists are more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe and want to find them.
2. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A. Life can exist in any place.
B. Life can exist in extremely terrible conditions.
C. Nothing can live in a more terrible condition than bacteria in the universe.
D. Life can only live in the biosphere.
3. Who plays an important role in searching of life?
A. Bada.
B. Miller.
C. Kaufman.
D. Onstott.
4. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following is TRUE about the existence of life?
A. There’s life on Earth-like planets.
B. There’s a doubt whether there’s life on Earth-like planets.
C. There’s no life on Earth-like planets.
D. There’s life that we don’t know on Earth-like planets.
5. What attitude should we hold on the development of science?
A. Agreeable.
B. Critical.
C. Disagreeable.
D. Neutral.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是说明文。人类一直在努力寻找地球之外的生命。对于是否存在其他生命形式，科学家们各持己见。
1. 答案
D
解析
推理判断题。根据第一段中的That’s because there is plenty to think about before we actually find alien life. Scientists tend to be more confident than ever that life does exist out in the universe可知，科学家们对于在宇宙中的某个地方存在着生命这一想法更有信心，因此进行天体生物学研究试图找到它们。故选D项。
2. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。由第二段中的... thriving in such hostile places. Life can deal with a wider range of conditions可知，生命可以在极其残酷的条件下生存。故选B项。
3. 答案
A
解析
细节理解题。由第三段中的Bada found fascinating hints that the origin of life may well be on an Earth-like planet rather than the exception可知，巴达发现了关于生命起源的线索。故选A项。
4. 答案
C
解析
细节理解题。由第四段中的Unfortunately, the most habitable planet found is widely believed not to exist life at all可知，至今还没有在地球之外的其他地方发现生命迹象。故选C项。
5. 答案
B
解析
推理判断题。由第五段中的Research has proved what’s true today often is overturned tomorrow, and what’s rejected today may be accepted tomorrow可知，今天证明是正确的东西也许明天就会被颠覆，今天被拒绝的东西也许明天就会被接受。因此，我们对待科学的态度应该是批判性的。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
At high school, students get into the thick of exam season. Stress can build ___1___ before they even have a chance to realize it. And besides having ill effects on health, this can also result in ___2___(poor)grades — leading to even more stress.
Here are some specific ___3___(suggest) as to how to ready yourself for exams.
To process what it is learning, the brain needs enough sleep. It ___4___(connect) to your ability to recall information and do higher-level thinking and problem solving. It is just as important to prepare your body for recalling information during exams ___5___ it is to know the course information.
Instead of ___6___(hit) the books right away, take a break and re-charge your mind. Go for a run, or call a friend and tell them you are ___7___(upset). ___8___(prepare) your body and mind for the next wave of intense academic pressure might just result in a better grade.
Staying hunched over a desk for hours on end won’t ___9___ your body, or your mind, any favours. Stand up and stretch, or walk around, for five minutes once an hour — and yes, set an alarm ___10___(remind)yourself to do so.
答案与解析
【文章大意】
本文是夹叙夹议文。进入高中阶段，学生们也就进入了繁忙的考试季，压力也随之而来，本文论述了如果应对学习或考试压力的方法。
1. up
考查动词短语。根据空格前面语境build以及此句话的主语可以得知，此处表示“压力可能会积聚”，故答案为up, build up“积聚；积累”之意。
2. poorer
考查形容词比较级。根据空格后面语境even more stress可以得知，此处答案为poor的比较级，与后面的比较级形式并列。
3. suggestions
考查名词。根据空格前面语境specific可以得知，此处需要用suggest的名词形式suggestions表示“建议”。
误解分析：此题考生易误填入suggestion。解答此题时需要注意suggestion为可数名词，根据上文语境中的some可以得知，此处需要用复数形式。
4. is connected
考查动词。根据空格前面语境It 以及空格后面语境to可以得知，此处表示被动意义，故答案为is connected, be connected to表示“与……有关联”。
5. as
考查固定搭配。根据空格前面的语境as important to prepare ...可以得知，此处考查句式as ... as ...的用法，故答案为as。
6. hitting
考查非谓语动词。根据空格前面语境of可以得知，此处需要用hit的动名词形式作介词of的宾语。
7. upset
考查形容词。根据空格前面语境are可以得知，此处upset此处用作形容词，表示“沮丧的；心烦的”。
8. Preparing
考查非谓语动词。根据空格后面语境might just result in ...可以得知，此处所填入的成分为句子的主语，故用动名词形式。
9. do
考查动词。根据空格后面语境... some favours可以得知，此处考查短语do ... a favour的用法，表示“对……有好处”，相当于do a favour to ...。
10. to remind
考查非谓语动词。根据空格前面语境set an alarm ...可以得知，此处表示“设定闹钟”的目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。