考点规范练5(必修1 Module 5)
.阅读理解
The “greenhouse effect”is the warming that happens when certain gases in the Earth’s atmosphere trap heat.These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping,like the glass walls of a greenhouse.
First,sunlight shines onto the Earth’s surface,where it is absorbed and then radiates(放射)back into the atmosphere as heat.In the atmosphere,greenhouse gases trap some of this heat,and the rest escapes into space.The more greenhouse gases are in the atmosphere,the more heat gets trapped.
Scientists have known about the greenhouse effect since 1824,when Joseph Fourier calculated that the Earth would be much colder if it had no atmosphere.This greenhouse effect is what keeps the Earth’s climate livable.Without it,the Earth’s surface would be an average of about 60 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温度)cooler.In 1895,the Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius discovered that humans could increase the greenhouse effect by making carbon dioxide,a greenhouse gas. He kicked off 100 years of climate research that has given us a good understanding of global warming.
Levels of greenhouse gases(GHGs) have gone up and down over the Earth’s history,but they have been fairly constant for the past few thousand years.Global average temperatures have stayed fairly constant over that time as well,until recently.Through the burning of fossil fuels and other GHG emissions(排放物),humans are increasing the greenhouse effect and warming the Earth.
Scientists often use the term “climate change” instead of“global warming”.This is because as the Earth’s average temperature climbs,winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool some areas,warm others,and change the amount of rain and snow fall.As a result,the climate changes differently in different areas.
1.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A.Greenhouse Effect
B.Greenhouse Gases
C.Climate Changes
D.Global Average Temperatures
2.How does the greenhouse effect come into being?
A.Sunlight shines on the Earth and the heat warms the Earth.
B.Certain gases trap heat from sunlight and warm the Earth.
C.The Earth traps more heat from the sunlight and gets warmer.
D.The Earth’s surface radiates more heat by itself and gets warmer.
3.What can we know about global warming from the passage?
A.If there were no greenhouse effect,the Earth’s surface would be colder.
B.Joseph Fourier discovered that making carbon dioxide can cause global warming.
C.In recent years humans take many measures to prevent global warming.
D.Winds and ocean currents directly change the rain and snow fall.
4.In the past few thousand years the levels of greenhouse gases keep over the time.
A.unchanged
B.increasing
C.reducing
D.going up and down
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017西安五校联考)
A doctor entered the hospital in a hurry after being called in for an urgent 1 .He answered the call as soon as possible,changed his clothes and went directly to the operation block.He found the boy’s father 2 in the hall waiting for the doctor.On seeing him,the dad 3 ,“Why did you take all this 4 to come? Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger? Don’t you have any sense of 5 ?”
The doctor smiled and said,“I am sorry.I wasn’t in the hospital and I 6 as fast as I could after receiving the call.And now,I wish you to calm down 7 I can do my work.”“Calm down? What if your son is in this room right now,would you calm down? If your own son is 8 now what will you do?” said the father 9 .
The doctor smiled again and replied,“I will say what Job said in the Bible,‘From dust we came and to dust we return,blessed by the name of God.’ 10 cannot extend lives.Go and 11 for your son,and we will do our best by God’s grace.”
“Giving advice when we’re not 12 is so easy,” murmured the father.The operation took some hours 13 which the doctor went out happily.
“Thank goodness! Your son is saved!” And without waiting for the father’s reply he carried on his 14 running.“If you have any question,ask the nurse!”
“Why is he so 15 ? Couldn’t he wait some minutes so that I could ask about my son’s 16 ?” commented the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.The nurse answered, 17 coming down her face,“His son died yesterday in a road accident.He was in the funeral when we called him for your son’s operation. 18 now that he saved your son’s life,he left running to finish his son’s funeral.”
Never 19 anyone easily because you never know how their life is and what they’re 20 .
1.A.meeting B.career
C.operation D.travel
2.A.calling B.running
C.jumping D.pacing
3.A.admitted B.expressed
C.whispered D.shouted
4.A.time B.cost
C.love D.turn
5.A.humour B.responsibility
C.pride D.honour
6.A.worked B.left
C.came D.moved
7.A.in case B.so that
C.until D.even if
8.A.dying B.lying
C.missing D.dropping
9.A.sadly B.cheerfully
C.hopefully D.angrily
10.A.God B.Teachers
C.Friends D.Doctors
11.A.speak B.spell
C.pray D.think
12.A.worried B.concerned
C.lost D.tired
13.A.after B.for
C.before D.with
14.A.way B.spirit
C.trust D.dream
15.A.patient B.proud
C.powerful D.absent
16.A.position B.medicine
C.state D.life
17.A.sweat B.cold
C.clouds D.tears
18.A.And B.But
C.Or D.While
19.A.ignore B.judge
C.explain D.believe
20.A.doing B.loading
C.experiencing D.reducing
Ⅲ.语法填空
Among the few scientists who have had a great effect on science and history,Albert Einstein is perhaps the 1. (great).An American university president once commented that Einstein had created 2. new view of the universe.His theory has completely changed the way scientists understand time and space.Now,more and more people agree that the universe is something more complicated than 3. they have ever thought before.
Einstein 4. (bear) in Germany in 1879.In 1914,young Einstein,already internationally famous,became a professor at an institute in Berlin.He had few duties,little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study.However,5. peaceful life was soon broken by the First World War.
Einstein hated violence.He was deeply affected by the war; he sat 6. (happily) in his office doing nothing and 7. (lose) interest in his research.Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the years 8. (follow) the First World War,people showered honor upon him.He became the head of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Theoretical Physics.In 1921 he won the Noble Prize 9. physics and was greatly honored and respected in Germany.However,his life was again disrupted.The Second World War broke out and Einstein had to move to the US,10. he lived until his death in 1955.
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Mr Li,
I’m very sorry to have missed the first two lesson this morning.I got up early as usually in the morning,but when I was ready to leave I find my bicycle’s front tyre(轮胎)flat.I wanted to take bus or taxi to school,and I didn’t have any money with me.I had to look for a place along the street to get my bicycle repairing.Unluckily,there were not any bicycle repair shops were open in the early morning.So I had to walk to school,carrying my bicycle all the way.That’s how I was late for school.
Please don’t worry with my lessons,Mr Li.I will make up for it and turn to teachers for help if necessary.
Yours,
Wang Hui
##
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了地球温室效应。
1.A 标题判断题。本文第一句就点出了主题,紧接着阐述了温室效应的形成、人们对此的认识以及科学家对此的研究,因此A项作为本文标题最合适。
2.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一、二段的内容可知,地球温室效应是由地球大气中的某些气体吸收地球表面反射到大气层中的太阳光,从而使地球变暖而形成的。
3.A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第二、三句可知,温室效应使地球的气候适宜居住。如果没有温室效应,地球表面将平均降低60华氏度。故A项正确。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句话可知,尽管在地球的历史中温室气体的水平有升有降,但在过去的数千年中,它还是相当恒定的,故选A项。
.【语篇导读】 本文讲述了一位医生被医院召回来救一个孩子,而孩子的父亲误解医生冷血,做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来这位医生刚失去了自己的儿子。由此本文告诉我们:要学会宽容待人,切忌武断。
1.C 根据句意可知他是医生,所以被召回来给病人做手术。故选C项。
2.D 他发现男孩的父亲在大厅里来回踱步。find sb.doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”。根据句意只有D项符合语境。
3.D 根据下方提到的“Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger?”(难道你不知道我儿子的生命现在处在危险之中吗?)可知这个父亲很着急,叫喊着,所以选D项。
4.A take time是“花费时间”的意思。这个父亲在质问医生为什么现在才来,故选A项。
5.B 根据语境可知这个父亲在质问医生有没有责任感,因为他现在才来,故选B项。
6.C 根据句意可知他一接完电话就尽快赶来了,故选C项。
7.B 句意:“我”希望你能冷静下来好让“我”开展工作。医生让这个父亲冷静的目的是他能安心工作,所以选B项。
8.A 句意:“冷静?要是你儿子现在在那儿,你能冷静吗?如果你儿子要死了,你现在该怎么办?”根据句意可知这个父亲在反问医生。故选A项。
9.D 根据上文可知这个父亲很生气,所以选D项。
10.D 根据上文提到的“I will say what Job said in the Bible,‘From dust we came and to dust we return,blessed by the name of God.’”可知选D项。
11.C 医生让这个父亲去给他儿子祈祷。故选C项。
12.B 句意:当“我们”事不关己时给出建议是很容易的事。根据上文的语境可知,这位父亲认为不处在这种境况中是不会如此焦虑的。故选B项。
13.A 手术进行了几个小时,完毕之后,医生高兴地走出来。故选 A项。
14.A 根据下文提到的“His son died yesterday in a road accident.He was in the funeral when we called him for your son’s operation.”可知选A项。
15.B 句意:“为什么他如此骄傲,他不能等几分钟让我可以问问我儿子的情况吗?”这是这位父亲对医生的误解。故选B项。
16.C 参照上题解析。
17.D 护士回答时,眼泪流下来了。下文提到医生的儿子昨天车祸去世了,所以护士也很伤心。故选D项。
18.A 两句之间是并列关系,所以选A项。
19.B 句意:不要轻易判断一个人,因为你根本不知道他们的生活是什么样子的,以及他们正在经历着什么。根据句意可知选B项。
20.C 参照上题解析。
.1.greatest 2.a 3.what 4.was born 5.his 6.unhappily
7.lost 8.following 9.for 10.where
.Dear Mr Li,
I’m very sorry to have missed the first two lesson this morning.I got up early as usually in the morning,but when I was ready to leave I find my bicycle’s front tyre (轮胎) flat.I wanted to take
bus or taxi to school,and I didn’t have any money with me.I had to look for a place along the street to get my bicycle repairing.Unluckily,there were not any bicycle repair shops
open in the early morning.So I had to walk to school,carrying my bicycle all the way.That’s how I was late for school.
Please don’t worry with my lessons,Mr Li.I will make up for it and turn to teachers for help if necessary.