沈阳市2016届英语短文语法填空一轮练习（2）（含阅读理解）

　　【由2017届广东省广州市海珠区高三摸底考试改编】

　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

　　My older brother and I are busy

　　(arrange) a trip to Africa. We will leave London on 15 July, and we’ll be flying to Morocco. We are going to travel on camels

　　2

　　the Sahara Desert. After the trip by camel, we’re going to travel down the River Nile. We’ll start at Lake Victoria. A little way down the river from Lake Victoria, the water

　　3

　　(actual) gets quite rough. So, we’ll go white-water rafting,

　　4

　　is quite dangerous, but very exciting! After white-water rafting, we’re going on a trip to see wild animals in Kenya.

　　5

　　we’ll be walking for almost two weeks, I’ll need to buy a large, strong, light backpack

　　6

　　advance to carry my

　　7

　　(supply) of food and water. It is so dangerous that our guides will have guns

　　8

　　(scare) the animals away if they come too near. I really want to see

　　9

　　elephant close up. After that, we’ll be moving on to Tanzania,

　　10

　　we’re going to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. The African part of our trip will take about four weeks and we will surely have a happy time.

　　【参考答案】【知识点】语法填空

　　【答案解析】

　　2，travel

　　through

　　经过……

　　3,副词修饰动词

　　4,此句为非限制性定语从句

　　只能用which 引导

　　5,根据句意，两部分应为因果关系，所以用since

　　6,in

　　advance 固定搭配 意为提前

　　7，supplies of

　　许多的，大量的

　　8,

　　to do 不定式表目的

　　9，elephant是以元音开头的单词

　　所以用

　　an

　　10,费非限制性定语从句

　　但是缺少关系副词

　　所以用 where.

　　广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Will J．K. Rowling write more about

　　the world of Harry Potter?

　　Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the seventh and last book in the series, is being divided into two movies. The first __1__(schedule) to be released in November 2010, and the second part in May 2011. Film-making officials said this schedule __2__ (not affect) by the delay of Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince.

　　The book Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince，__3__ is almost done, has an important battle __4__(involve) Harry Potter, Draco Malfoy, Severus Snape and Albus Dumbledore, but it won’t be in the movie, the producer has said.

　　Will J. K. Rowling write more about the world of Harry Potter? She already __5__.

　　Early this year, she wrote __6__ 800-word work of events that happened before another story. The prequel was sold __7__ charity.

　　The story was set three years before Harry’ s birth. In the tale, friends Sirius Black and James Potter’ s father, got into trouble __8__ managed to escape.

　　As for the __9__(eight) Potter book, nobody knows __10__ Rowling will write it. For years she insisted that she would write only seven. Then, late last year, she said that she might write another one — but not for 10 years!

　　1．[解析]　由语境可知，这里应该用一般现在时，主语The first和schedule之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动形式。

　　[答案]　is scheduled

　　2．[解析]　根据语境和主句谓语动词said的时态可以看出，这里应该用过去将来时的被动语态。

　　[答案]　would not be affected

　　3．[解析]　这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是物，所以用which来引导。

　　[答案]　which

　　4．[解析]　由语境可知此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。

　　[答案]　involving

　　5．[解析]　上文问J.K. Rowling会写更多关于Harry Potter的世界的书吗？”此处是对它的回答，由下文可知应填has。

　　[答案]　has

　　6．[解析]　考查不定冠词的用法。work在这里表示“著作”，空格后的800-word第一个音素是元音，所以应该填an。

　　[答案]　an

　　7．[解析]　for在这里表目的。

　　[答案]　for

　　8．[解析]　前部分说遇到了困难，后来他们成功地摆脱了(困难)，所以用but表转折。

　　[答案]　but

　　9．[解析]　前面有定冠词the，后面的名词book是单数形式，所以这里要用序数词。

　　[答案]　eighth

　　10．[解析]　引导一个名词性从句，并在从句中作时间状语，所以要用when。

　　[答案]　when

　　阅读理解2017·江西临川一中压轴考试Since we are social beings，the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.One strength of the human conditions is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有压力的) conditions.Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems.People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties.Studies over types of illnesses，from depression to heart disease，show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness，and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

　　Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First，friends，relatives and co­workers may let us know that they value us.Our self­respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties.Second，other people often provide us with informational support.They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them.Third，we typically find social companionship supportive.Taking part in free­time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles.Finally，other people may give us instrumental support—money aid，material resources，and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.

　　1．Interpersonal relationships are important because they can________.

　　A．deal with life changes

　　B．smooth away daily problems

　　C．make people live more easily

　　D．cure types of illnesses

　　2．The researches show that people’s physical and mental health________.

　　A．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

　　B．lies in the social medical care systems which support them

　　C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

　　D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes.

　　3．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions”？

　　A．takes place of B．makes up of

　　C．lessens the effect ofD．gets rid of

　　4．Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of________.

　　A．instrumental support

　　B．informational support

　　C．social companionship

　　D．the strengthening of self­respect

　　5．What is the subject discussed in the text?

　　A．Effects of stressful conditions.

　　B．Kinds of social support.

　　C．Ways to deal with stress.

　　D．Interpersonal relationships.

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了我们是社会性的动物，所以我们的生活质量很大程度上取决于人际关系。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to deal with major life changes and daily problems...Studies over types of illnesses”可知，A、B、D三项的内容只是问题的一部分，都比较片面。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。researches和studies都是研究的意思，根据第一段的最后一句话中“Studies over types of illnesses，from depression to heart disease，show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness，and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.”可知A项正确。B、C两项在文中没有提及，而D选项只提到了life changes，内容太片面。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“...the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against...”可知，画线词所在句子的句意为：社会支持以许多方式减轻压力。take place of代替；make up of构成，组成；lessen the effect of减少影响，免受影响；get rid of摆脱，除掉，去掉。

　　答案：　C

　　4．解析：　细节理解题。在最后一段中，作者给出了几种不同的support。第一种是“friends，relatives and co­workers may let us know that they value us.”即从朋友、亲戚和同事那获得的支持；第二种是“other people often provide us with informational support.”即别人为我们提供的信息帮助和支持；第三种是“we typically find social companionship supportive.Taking part in free­time activities with others...”即社会关系或友情中得到的支持或帮助；最后一种是“other people may give us instrumental support”即别人给我们提供的实质性支持。

　　答案：　C

　　5．解析：　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Since we are social beings，the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.”可知，D项正确。

　　答案：DNow Hear This

　　What do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common.'? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence. As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing loss, was a guitarist for a band called the Who. He is one of the first rock musicians to call the public's attention to the problem of hearing loss from exposure to loud music.

　　Temporary hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.

　　"What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but they're not dead," says physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, it's possible to recondition the cells somewhat. However, he adds, "Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged." And this is no small problem.

　　What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Here's another measurement you can use. If you're at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you' re at risk for hearing loss. That's when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.

　　The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume.'? Most aren't. "Rock music is supposed to be loud," says drummer Andrew Sather.

　　"I wouldn't have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. "

　　Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, "There's no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. "

　　Levels of Common Noises

　　Normal conversation

　　50 — 65 dB

　　Food blender

　　88 dB

　　Jet plane flying above a person standing outside

　　103 dB

　　Rock band during a concert

　　110 — 140 dB

　　63. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that

　　.

　　A. loud music is a major cause of hearing loss

　　B. famous people tend to have hearing problems

　　C. teenagers should stay away from school bands

　　D. the problem of hearing damage is widely known

　　64. In Paragraph 3, the underlined word "recondition" means

　　.

　　A. not to be seen

　　B. to fill with sound

　　C. to become larger in size

　　D. to make good again

　　65. The purpose of the chart at the end of the article is to show

　　.

　　A. a list of harmful sounds

　　B. the effect of rock concerts

　　C. the noise levels of familiar sounds

　　D. relationship between daily activities and hearing loss

　　66. Which of the following statements will Dr. Sam Levine probably agree?

　　A. When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead.

　　B. Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice.

　　C. Many are taking the risk of losing hearing.

　　D. Doctors know how to cure hearing loss.

　　【参考答案】63. A

　　64. D

　　65. B

　　66. C

　　【北京市丰台区2017统一模拟】

　　Whether we should allow marine (海洋的) parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about it.

　　Smith, a sociologist, argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals.

　　As this argument goes, most Australians live in cities and never get to see these animals. Marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, in fact, there are many places where they can be seen in the wild. Moreover, these places do not charge an overpriced entry fee — they are free.

　　Dr. Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, insists that we need marine parks for scientific research. She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals comes from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge which is obtained at marine parks can be useful for planning for the preservation of marine mammal species. However, Jones, a zoologist, explains that park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning about animals in the wild. Their diets are different, they have significantly lower life lengths and they are more likely to have a disease. In addition, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed.

　　The Marine Park Owners Association holds that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists. This position goes on to state that these tourists spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still come to Australia if the parks were closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld. Tourists come here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and concrete pools. They can see animals in those conditions in their own countries.

　　In a word, perhaps an agreement cannot be reached now. However, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us?

　　67. Who support(s) the idea of closing marine parks?

　　A. Most Australians.

　　B. Alison Lane.

　　C. Smith.

　　D. Jones.

　　68. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3 ?

　　A. The results from studies are valuable in animal preservation.

　　B. Scientific research at the marine parks has its limitations.

　　C. Captive animals have biology changes in marine parks.

　　D. Human behavior causes harmful effects on the animals.

　　69. Which is NOT the reason to keep marine parks?

　　A. For entertainment purpose.

　　B. For scientific research purpose.

　　C. For economic purpose.

　　D. For political purpose.

　　70. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by

　　.

　　A. pointing out the problems with keeping the marine parks

　　B. using evidence he has collected at the marine parks

　　C. discussing the advantages of animals' natural homes

　　D. questioning the way the animals are studied

　　【参考答案】67. D

　　68. B

　　69. D

　　70. A