湖南省邵东县2016届英语一轮单项选择和阅读理解精炼（1）

　　湖南省邵东县2016高考英语单项选择和阅读理解精炼（1）

　　阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　Isaac Stern was

　　more

　　than a great violin player.He was one of the most honored musicians in the world.He was an international

　　cultural ambassador.He was a major supporter of the arts in America and in other countries.He was a teacher and activist.

　　Isaac Stern was born in 1920 in what is now Ukraine.His parents moved

　　to

　　San Francisco，California the following year.His mother began teaching Isaac the piano when he was six. He began taking violin lessons after hearing a friend play the instrument.Later，he began studying music at the San Francisco Conservatory(音乐学院)．He progressed quickly.When he was 16，he played with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra.The next year，he performed in New York City and was praised by music critics.

　　During World War II ，Mr.Stern played for thousands of American soldiers.It was the first time many of them had heard classical music.After the war，he was the first American violinist to perform in a concert in the Soviet union.He also supported young musicians and cultural organizations in Israel.

　　In 1979，Isaac Stern visited China.He met with Chinese musicians and students.He taught them about classical Western music.His visit was made into a film，which is called From Mao to Mozart：Isaac Stern in China.It won an Academy Award for best documentary film.

　　In 1984，Isaac Stern received the Kennedy Center Honors Award for his gifts to American culture through music.He expressed his thoughts about the part that music plays in life.He said he believed that music makes life better for everyone，especially children.

　　Mr.Stern supported and guided younger classical musicians.They include violinists Itzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman，cellist Yo­Yo Ma，and pianist Yefim Bronfman.

　　Isaac Stern died in 2001 at the age of 81.He was a major influence on music in the 20th century.He leaves the world richer with his many recordings.

　　【文章大意】本文详细介绍了小提琴家艾萨克·施特恩的生平以及他在音乐方面和国际文化方面的贡献。

　　1．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Isaac Stern?

　　A．He was born in California in the 1920s.

　　B．He had visited many countries to advertise his recordings.

　　C．He played less than one hundred concerts in all.

　　D．His excellent music life lasted over 60 years.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据上下文可知，他从16岁的时候就开始表演，81岁的时候去世，所以他的音乐人生经历了60多年，所以D项是正确的。

　　2．The underlined word“cellist”in Paragraph 6 may refer to________.

　　A．someone who supports young musicians

　　B．someone who wants to be a musician

　　C．someone who has a gift for music

　　D．someone who plays a certain kind of instrument

　　答案：D　词义猜测题。根据前文的violinists“小提琴家”和下文的pianist“钢琴家”可以猜测是演奏某种乐器的人。

　　3．From the passage，we can infer that________.

　　A．Isaac Stern influenced the culture in the 20th century a lot

　　B．Isaac Stern was one of the most active musicians of his day

　　C．Isaac Stern was so busy that he couldn't spare time to educate the youth

　　D．Isaac Stern led a rich life in his later life

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章中他的音乐经历可以推知他是他所在的年代里最活跃的音乐家之一，因此B项符合文意。

　　4．What will be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Isaac Stern and the Awards He Got

　　B．Isaac Stern's Life of Pursuing Music

　　C．Isaac Stern：One of the Most Honored Musicians

　　D．Isaac Stern's Visit to China

　　答案：C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第二句He was one of the most honored musicians in the world.(即主题句)以及全文所述可知C项最适合当标题。A、B、D三项所表达的都是片面的。

　　【由山东省枣庄市2017模拟

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（AB、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It' s never a real problem for us when the weather gets cold．

　　We have many different was of coping with the cold．We can put on more clothes, stay next to a fireplace, turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winter．But things are not as easy for plantsnlike humans, plants can’t move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warm．So how do they manageurvive the freezing winter?

　　The cold is a big challenge for plants．Teir living tissues can be damaged when they freeze．t's like a plant's equivalent(相等物）frostbite（冻疮）．Also，the pcess of freezing and thawing（解冻）can causer bubbles to form in the plant's water transport system．f enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant．

　　To live through cold weather，plants have develop three strategies，Se plants，ch as oak trees, avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves, before the winter chill sets in-effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves—and growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns. Other plants, pine trees for example, protect them-selves by narrowing their water transport cells, which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubbles．The third stratef;yi8 also the most extreme．Some plant; die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer．

　　Howeer, these smart strategies were developed nmry8lowly－over millions of years of evolution．This eads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change, which has only started occurring over the past few decades．Scientists are hoping o find possible ways to save plants from the threat of climate change．

　　1．What is the text mainly about?

　　A．Different ways for peopkeep warm．

　　B．How plant live through the freezing winter．

　　C．How plants develop the 8tratef;ies to keep warm*

　　D．The ways to save plantsrom the cold,

　　2． the water transport from roots to leaves 18 blocked,

　　．

　　A．the plant will suffer from f'rostbite

　　B．air bubbles will be formed

　　C．the plant's lving tissues will be damaged

　　D．the plant wi be killed

　　3．Ok trees protect themselves by

　　． A．stopping the water transport from rootso leaves

　　B．dropping their eaves to grow seeds

　　C．slowing the flow of water from roots to eaves

　　D．storing enough water in the roots

　　4．What does the undeined phrase “sets in” mean in Paragraph3?

　　A．stops

　　B．

　　C．leaves

　　D．retus

　　5．What ithe main idea of the last paragraph

　　A．Plants can, easily adapt to climate change．

　　B．Scientists are makin to save plants．

　　C．Cimates change is a great threat to plants．

　　D．Plants are developing new stregies to survive．

　　—5、BDADC

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　【2017界广东省湛江市二模】----A

　　The baby elephant Ishanga was lying in the bushes, scared, starving, and struggling to breathe. Until just a few days before, she had been with her mother, walking through the sweeping grasslands of Tsavo National Park in the African country of Kenya.

　　The baby’s mother was killed, most likely by a poacher. On Wednesday, November 17，2010， an anti-poaching team was removing the deadly wire traps that poachers set throughout the park. Luckily, a member of the team spotted the baby and rushed to help her.

　　Suddenly, a lion sprang from the bushes and clamped its mouth around her neck. One person managed to pull out his gun and fire shots in the air. The shocked lion released the baby and backed away.

　　Now the weakened baby had a grave wound on her neck. About 300 miles north of Tsavo is a place that helps baby elephants. Over the years, the orphanage(孤儿院）has raised 130 elephants and successfully released them back into the wild.

　　After a tense wait and a plane ride, the baby’s rescuers made it to the orphanage. The medical staff worked frantically to treat her wound. She was scared and wild. She screamed, and wouldn’t let any humans get near her, refusing to eat or drink.

　　After two hours of intense medical care, Ishanga awoke and slowly struggled to her feet. Two keepers and a veterinarian had been with her all night. They were relieved that she seemed to be recovering.

　　The next day, though Ishanga remained weak, her keepers introduced her to some of the other 14 young elephants living at the orphanage. The keepers stood back as the other elephants extended their trunk in friendly greetings. The older elephants led Ishanga around, giving her a tour of her new home.

　　Over the past year, Ishanga’s wounds have healed. She has made many friends. It’ll be up to Ishanga to decide when she’s ready to leave the orphanage. Returning to the wild is a long process that can take more than 10 years. For now, she is in no rush to leave this extraordinary community of elephants and humans. Ishanga has a long, happy life ahead of her.

　　26. The underlined word “poacher” in paragraph 2 probably means_____.

　　A. someone who hunts illegally B. someone who protects wild animals

　　C. someone who is an elephant keeper

　　D. someone who works in the park

　　【】an anti-poaching team was removing the deadly wire traps that poachers set throughout the park.一个反盗猎团队移除致命陷阱,偷猎者设置的陷阱在整个公园。anti-poaching team反盗猎团队，故推测poacher是非法偷猎者，故选A。

　　27. When the baby elephant was saved by the team, she was_____.

　　A. badly ill

　　B. very dangerous

　　C. dead D. badly wounded

　　【】Now the weakened baby had a grave wound on her neck.小象被救时脖子处严重受伤，故选D。

　　28. The baby elephant was sent to _____by plane.

　　A, hospital

　　B. Nature

　　C. the orphanage

　　D. National Park

　　【】After a tense wait and a plane ride, the baby’s rescuers made it to the orphanage.用飞机把小象运到孤儿院进行救助，故选C。

　　29. According to the passage, we can know that_____.

　　A. Ishanga is eager to leave the community after recovering

　　B. the anti-poaching team shot the lion and saved Ishanga

　　C. it will probably take Ishanga a long time to return to the nature

　　D. a year later, Ishanga still didn’t adapt to living in the orphanage

　　【】【解析】Returning to the wild is a long process that can take more than 10 years.对于Ishanga来说回归自然是一个漫长的时间，故选C。

　　30. The passage is mainly about _____.

　　A. the rescue of a baby elephant

　　B. the importance of animal protection

　　C. a brief introduction to the elephant orphanage

　　D. a story about poachers and an anti-poaching team

　　【】【解析】2017高考英语（附解析答案）

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．—You seemed to be very surprised at the news that he won.

　　—Not exactly. It was his courage________ his skill________ really struck me.

　　A．as well as; that

　　B．other than; that

　　C．rather than; which

　　D．and; which

　　解析　考查短语辨析和固定句式。other than除了；不同于；as well as与……一样；也；rather than而不是。It was...that...构成强调句式。

　　答案　B

　　2．The government has taken measures to________the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.

　　A．take down

　　B．bring down

　　C．hand down

　　D．tear down

　　解析　考查动词短语辨析。A项“取下；写下；拆除”；B项“击落；降低(价格等)”；C项“传递”；D项“拆除；弄倒”。

　　答案　B

　　3．It was Mr Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. Without his help, we________it so easily.

　　A．can't manage

　　B．mustn't have managed

　　C．couldn't have managed

　　D．couldn't manage

　　解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：是张先生帮我们摆脱了困境。要是没有他的帮助，我们就不可能这么轻易完成。

　　答案　C

　　4．When I study English, I like to put my dictionary________my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.

　　A．out of

　　B．beyond

　　C．within

　　D．in

　　解析　考查介词搭配。within one's reach在某人能够得着的地方或范围内。句意：当我学习英语时，我喜欢把字典放在能够得着的地方以便需要时随时查阅。

　　答案　C

　　5．The________look on his face told us that the boy was________of what he had seen.

　　A．terrified；terrified　B．terrified；terrifying

　　C．terrifying；terrifiedD．terrifying；terrifying

　　解析　句意为：男孩脸上恐惧的表情告诉我们他害怕看到的一切。因“激动、吃惊、害怕”等呈现的面部表情，发出的声音，应用过去分词修饰，故第一个空用terrified；第二个空用terrified做表语，强调小男孩的状态；be terrified of...“害怕……”，为固定搭配。

　　答案　A

　　6．With a lot of difficult problems________，the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks.

　　A．settling

　　B．to settle

　　C．being settled

　　D．settled

　　解析　句意：因为有许多难题要解决，经理感觉像热锅上的蚂蚁。“with＋宾语＋to do”结构作状语表将来，实际上此题中的with结构就相当于with a lot of difficult problems for him to settle，所以尽管settle和problems之间是被动关系，仍用主动形式。

　　答案　B

　　7．________by all his grandchildren，the old man was delighted.

　　A．Surrounded

　　B．Surrounding

　　C．To be surrounded

　　D．To be surrounding

　　解析　surround与the old man之间为逻辑上的动宾关系的，所以此题应用surround的过去分词作状语。

　　答案　A

　　8．He spent at least as much time reading as you________online yesterday.

　　A．had to chat

　　B．do chatting

　　C．had chatted

　　D．did chatting

　　解析　此句补充完整为：He spent at least as much time reading as you spent chatting online yesterday.因为前面已出现了一次you spent...，为了避免重复，所以用did代替；spend的用法是：spend time(in)doing sth，所以选用D项。

　　答案　D

　　9．They were poor，but they______a computer for their son.

　　A．managed buying

　　B．tried buying

　　C．managed to buy

　　D．tried to buy

　　解析 考查manage的用法。manage to do sth.意为“设法完成某事”，相当于succeed in doing sth.；而try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，但不一定成功。

　　答案 C

　　10．Growing coin doesn't need________growing rice.

　　A．as much water

　　B．much as water

　　C．as much water as

　　D．as much as water

　　解析　as much as经常与不可数名词连用，一般来说名词要放在much的后面。

　　答案　C

　　11．The city，________by mountains and lakes，is so beautiful that they have decided to stay there for another two weeks.

　　A．stood B．connected

　　C．blocked D．surrounded

　　解析　句意为：这座城市被群山湖水环绕着，显得如此美丽，以至于他们决定再待两个星期。surround意思是“包围，环绕”，这里用的是其过去分词形式。connect连接；block阻挡，挡住，在意思上与语境不符。若把A项stood改为standing则可选。

　　答案　D

　　12．—Peter，where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

　　—We________busy with our work for months，so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.

　　A．were

　　B．have been

　　C．had been

　　D．will be

　　解析　考查动词时态。我们去海边发生在过去，而我们忙于工作在此之前。因此用过去完成时。

　　答案　C

　　13．The Great Wall of China is like a huge dragon，winding its way________deserts，________valleys，________mountains until it finally reaches the sea.

　　A．across；through；over

　　B．through；across；over

　　C．over；across；through

　　D．over；through；across

　　解析　考查介词。across横过，穿过；over从某一物体上方越过；through穿过，从……中通过。

　　　A

　　14．Along with the letter was his promise________he would visit me this coming Christmas.

　　A．which

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．whether

　　解析　考查名词性从句。that引导的从句说明的是promise的内容，因此是同位语从句，that在句中不作成分。

　　答案　B

　　15．It is the test system，________the teachers，that is to blame for the heavy burden of middle school students nowadays.

　　A．other than B．or rather

　　C．rather than D．more than

　　解析　句意为：是考试制度而不是教师们应为目前中学生们的沉重负担负责。rather than“而不是”，符合句意。other than除……以外；or rather更确切地说；more than不仅仅。

　　答案　C