2016武汉市高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解选练（2）及答案

　　完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。

　　Report was published about what the earth might be like 20 years from then on. The report was a result of a three-year ___1___. According to the report, the picture of the earth in the year 2010 is not a ___2___ one. The world will be more ___3___ because the population will continue to grow. The population could be ___4___ 6 300 million, almost 2 150 million more than in 1985. More people would move into cities, especially cities in ___5___ countries. Cities like Cairo and Jakarta probably would ___6___ have 15 million by then.

　　Food production will ___7___, but not enough to feed all the people. Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 1985, ___8___ most of the increase would be in countries that ___9___ produce enough food for their people. Little increase is ___10___ in South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Poor farming ways are ___11___ large areas of crop land, changing farms into deserts. More farmland is ___12___ as cities become larger and more houses are built. ___13___ will get worse as industrial countries burn more coal and oil. Many of the world’s ___14___ could disappear as more and more trees are cut down. Energy will continue to be a serious problem. The experts say their picture of the earth for the year 2010 ___15___. They only carried out the situation that ___16___ today. By changing the situation, by ___17___ the problems, the picture can be changed. There is ___18___ time for the nations of the world to work ___19___ a plan of action. But they warned that ___20___ too long to make decisions would greatly reduce the chances of success.

　　(

　　) 1. A. learning

　　B. project

　　C. notice

　　D. study

　　(

　　) 2. A. pleased

　　B. pleasant

　　C. safe

　　D. blue

　　(

　　) 3. A. dangerous

　　B. beautiful

　　C. crowded

　　D. terrible

　　(

　　) 4. A. no more than

　　B. as many as

　　C. as much as

　　D. as large as

　　(

　　) 5. A. developing

　　B. developed

　　C. big

　　D. mountainous

　　(

　　) 6. A. none

　　B. each

　　C. all

　　D. neither

　　(

　　) 7. A. insist

　　B. reduce

　　C. increase

　　D. continue

　　(

　　) 8. A. so

　　B. but

　　C. or

　　D. however

　　(

　　) 9. A. already

　　B. hardly

　　C. partly

　　D. never

　　(

　　) 10. A. wanted

　　B. lacked

　　C. found

　　D. expected

　　(

　　) 11. A. destroying

　　B. protecting

　　C. disturbing　

　　D. interrupting

　　(

　　) 12. A. saved

　　B. lost

　　C. discovered

　　D. used

　　(

　　) 13. A. Air pollution

　　B. Water pollution

　　C. Some diseases

　　D. All farmland

　　(

　　) 14. A. animals

　　B. plants

　　C. forests

　　D. people

　　(

　　) 15. A. must be true

　　B. will come true

　　C. can’t be true

　　D. may be wrong

　　(

　　) 16. A. happens

　　B. develops

　　C. exists

　　D. appears

　　(

　　) 17. A. settling

　　B. working out

　　C. answering

　　D. dealing

　　(

　　) 18. A. no

　　B. still

　　C. less

　　D. plenty of

　　(

　　) 19. A. about

　　B. in

　　C. out

　　D. for

　　(

　　) 20. A. working

　　B. suggesting

　　C. spending

　　D. waiting

　　1. D。study意为“研究”，根据下文，这是指对未来20年地球上的情况变化所作的研究。

　　2. B。与后面的人口增长，环境污染等联系起来看，在2010年地球上的状况(picture)将会令人不愉快(unpleasant)。

　　3. C。因为人口继续增长，所以世界会越来越拥挤(crowded)。

　　4. D。指人口数目的多用large，不用small。指人口达到某一数目用“as large as +数词”。

　　5. A。从现状来看，人口增长快的国家多为发展但不发达的国家；而城市人口急剧增长的则是一些发展中的国家(developing countries)。

　　6. B。前面提到了两个城市，故此空只能填each。neither具有否定意义，不合句意，不能插入谓语之中。

　　7. C。相临几句是讲粮食增长问题，故选increase“增长”。

　　8. B。前后两句具有转折意义：农民所生产的粮食将比1985多90%，但多数增产粮食的国家是已经有足够粮食供人们生活的国家。

　　9. A。already意为“已经”，由下句可知：是指已经有足够粮食供人们生活的国家。

　　10. D。expect意为“预计”，句意为：在亚洲南部的国家预计增产幅度不大。

　　11. A。由changing farms into deserts可知：不当农业生产方式毁坏(destroy)了大片生产粮食的土地。

　　12. B。由于扩建城市，修建房屋，必然侵占大量农田，故选lost(失去)。

　　13. A。由burn coal and oil必然排放大量烟雾，可推知：此处指空气污染(air pollution)

　　14. C。由more and more trees are cut down可推知：此处指森林(forests)可能消失。

　　15. D。此句意为：专家说地球到2010年的状况可能会不好。

　　16. C。exist意为“存在”。由上下文可知：环境正遭受污染和破坏，专家们只是想保存今天的状况。

　　17. A。settle the problems意为“解决问题”。

　　18. B。still意为“还有”，加强语气。句意为：现在还有时间给世界各国制定行动计划。

　　19.C work out 制定

　　题意为制定计划

　　20.D 根据题意 应该为等待太久做决定 BC用法不符

　　阅读理解。

　　An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not exactly a bribe(贿赂), but is close to it.

　　All sorts of people are “apple polishers”， including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.

　　There are other phrases meaning the same thing as ?applepolishing?—?softsoaping? or ?butteringup?. A gift is just one way to ?softsoap? somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praise—telling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.

　　Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.

　　We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. But if we just lap it up for its good value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.

　　Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.

　　He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was too busy to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.

　　1．Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “applepolishing”？

　　A．A boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.

　　B．An employee tells her boss how good he is at management.

　　C．A knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.

　　D．A teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.

　　2．What does the writer want to prove with Cromwell's example?

　　A．Everybody can be an apple polisher.

　　B．Cromwell was not a good apple polisher.

　　C．George Fox and his party were not apple polishers.

　　D．There are people who don't like being applepolished.

　　3．Which of the following statements about flattery is TRUE according to the author?

　　A．Too much flattery can carry us away.

　　B．Flattery is too empty to do people any good.

　　C．Flattery can get you nothing but excessive(过度的) pride.

　　D．Flattery is one of the ways to applepolished people.

　　4．Why did King Canute of Denmark and England take his followers to the seashore?

　　A．Because he was sick of his normal life.

　　B．Because he disliked being overpraised any more.

　　C．Because he wanted them to realize how wise he was.

　　D．Because he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king.

　　5．Who does the author think that flattery can do good to?

　　A．Those who are politicians or in high offices.

　　B．Those who lack confidence.

　　C．Those who are really excellent.

　　D．Those who think highly of themselves.

　　【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一个普遍现象，人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，当然有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。

　　1．D　推理判断题。根据“An ‘apple polisher’ is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”可知，一个老师表扬学生并不是想得到什么好处。故选D项。

　　2．A　细节理解题。根据“All sorts of people are ‘apple polishers’，including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody.Oliver Cromwell，the great English leader，offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party，but failed.”可知，高层的领导者也有拍马屁的人，可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。故选A项。

　　3．D　细节理解题。根据“An ‘apple polisher’ is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”和“A gift is just one way to ‘softsoap’ somebody，or to ‘butter him up’．Another that is just as effective is flattery…”可知选D项。

　　4．B　细节理解题。根据“The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣)．”可知国王厌烦了朝臣们的阿谀奉承，故选B项。

　　5．B　细节理解题。根据“In truth， flattery is good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves.It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.”可知，对于缺乏自信的人来说，奉承是有好处的。故选B项。

　　阅读理解-。

　　Pacing and Pausing

　　Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. /gaokao/beijing

　　Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.

　　It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel. /gaokao/beijing

　　The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.

　　That's why slight differences in conversational style--tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.

　　(

　　) 1. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?

　　A. Betty was talkative.

　　B. Betty was an interrupter.

　　C. Betty did not take her turn. /gaokao/beijing

　　D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.

　　(

　　) 2. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?

　　A. Americans.

　　B. Israelis.

　　C. The British.

　　D. The Finns.

　　(

　　) 3. We can learn from the passage that __

　　A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing

　　B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US

　　C. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes

　　D. one should receive training to build up one's confidence

　　(

　　) 4. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __

　　A. being willing to speak one's mind

　　B. being able to increase one's power

　　C. being ready to make one's own judgment /gaokao/beijing

　　D. being quick to express one's ideas confidently

　　64.C

　　细节题，难题。难在弄不清谁是S谁是B，耐心读，动笔划，从第一段得出正确答案并不难：Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation65.B

　　细节排序题，难题。还是耐心读，动笔划。S代表美国人，B代表英国人（加起来？），S比B期待谈话间隙时间更短，又在以色列人(Israelis)说话时插不上嘴，故答案选说话嗒嗒嗒嗒的以色列人。

　　66.C

　　变态细节题，较难题。A不符原文，B无中生有，D无中生有，C关键要理解culturally determined，由文化决定或者受文化影响。

　　67.A

　　词义猜测题，较难。难点在于A选项的干扰作用。原文说那位MM的inability to speak up注意别人认为她没能力，不是说她不愿意。所以D比A好，此处用反义对比方法。