2016届高三（牛津版）英语一轮复习讲义 模块6 Unit 4《Helping people around the world》

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写　根据词义写出英文单词。____________ n．缺乏____________ adj.

　　令人敬重的；值得的；有价值的____________ adj.& n．& vt.

　　平等的；同等的人；相等物；与……相同或相等____________ adj.

　　志愿的自愿的____________ vt.&vi.

　　贡献；捐赠____________ adj.

　　重要的；值得花时间的____________ vt.

　　卖得；取来去拿来____________ vt.&vi.

　　出口输出输出品；出口____________ adj.

　　可供替代的可供选择的事物____________ adj.

　　偏远的偏____________ n.

　　慈善机构；赈济；仁爱____________ n.

　　贫穷贫困____________ n.

　　手段方法____________ adj.

　　原始的____________ vt.

　　获得；赢得____________ adj.

　　麻烦的讨厌的棘手的____________

　　n.

　　助手助理助理的副的____________ adj.

　　空着的；未被占用的；空缺的____________ n.

　　人群挤满使拥挤____________n.

　　障碍隔阂；屏障障碍物答案：1.lack　2.worthy　3.equal　4.voluntary　5.contribute　6.worthwhile　7.fetch　8.export　9.alternative　11.charity　12.poverty　13.means　15.obtain　16.troublesome　17.assistant　18.vacant　19.crowd　20.barrier单词拓展　写出下列单词及其派生词。____________ n．描写(文字)形容说明____________ v.

　　描写____________ adj.

　　政治的；政府的____________ n.

　　政治____________ vt.

　　购得；获得____________ n.

　　得到；获得____________ vi.& vt.

　　扩展发展(业务)；扩大增强____________ n.

　　扩展____________ adj.

　　紧急的紧迫的____________ v.

　　催促____________ n.

　　紧急紧急的事____________ n.

　　饥饿；挨饿；饿死____________ v.

　　挨饿____________ adj.

　　挨饿的____________ n.

　　个人财产；拥有具有____________ vt.

　　拥有具有____________ n.

　　承诺保证；投入奉献____________ adj.

　　尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的____________ adj.

　　多泥的泥泞的____________ n.

　　泥____________ n.

　　山；山脉____________ adj.

　　多山的答案：1.description；describe　2.political；politics　3.acquire；acquisition　4.expand；expansion　5.urgent；urge；urgency　6.starvation；starve；starving　7.possession；possess　8.commitment；committed　9.muddy；mud；mountainous

　　1．________________

　　缺少缺乏……________________

　　提及提到________________

　　接纳承担雇用呈现________________

　　除……以外(还)此外________________

　　吸引某人的注意力________________

　　供养________________

　　在……的庇护下在________________

　　对……来说是可得到的/可利用的________________

　　出故障抛锚________________

　　处于混乱状态________________

　　提醒某人某事________________

　　和……交流________________

　　回想________________

　　有作用(关系影响)________________

　　抓住答案：1.(a)lack of　2.refer to　3.take on　4.in addition　5.draw one’s attention to　6.provide for　7.under the umbrella of...　8.be available to...　9.break down　10.in chaos/in a mess　11.remind sb.of sth.　12.communicate with...　13.think back to　14.make a difference to

　　15．get hold of

　　语境填词In order to (1)____________(获得)the support of the crowds(2)____________(政治的)speech.In his speech(3)____________(涉及到)to his administrative programme: to realize the (4)____________(平等)of the people(5)____________(贫穷)and (6)____________(饥饿)(7)____________(出口)of goods and to settle the environment pollution and (8)____________(缺乏)of water(9)____________(描绘)a beautiful future to the people in his speech.答案： (1)obtain　(2)political　(3)referred　(4)equality　(5)poverty　(6)starvation　(7)export　 (8)lack(9)described

　　1．as引导非限制性定语从句As you know，the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.

　　[仿写]　她很耐心正如她工作中所表现出来的一样。____________________ in her work.

　　2．feel honored to have done“……深感荣幸”feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role.

　　[仿写]　我觉得很荣幸有机会和他们一起生活、工作和相处。____________________had the chance to live，work，and associate with them.

　　3．unless 引导条件状语从句意为“如果不……；除非……(否则的话)”unless it is boiled.

　　[仿写]　我总是开着窗户睡觉除非天气非常冷才关上窗户。____________________．If only...“要是……多好”If only there were more people donating money to charities!

　　[仿写]　我太疲倦了。如果明天能请假多好。____________________ I can take the day off tomorrow.

　　5．动词不定式作结果状语to find everything was in chaos.

　　[仿写]　玛丽匆忙赶了回来结果却发现她母亲在医院里奄奄一息。____________________in the hospital.

　　答案：1.as is shown　2.feel honored to have　3.unless it’s really cold　4.If only　5.to find her mother dying

　　The UN is an international organization consisting of countries 1.____________ want to promote world peace.It was set up just 2.____________ the Second World War by 51 countries while today 192 countries altogether.The UN has four main functions: to keep international peace；to develop friendly relationships among nations；to work together in solving international political conflicts and in promoting respect 3.____________ human rights；to be a centre for organizing the actions 4.____________ work of different nations. the urgent problems caused by wars and disasters，the UN helps countries 5.____________ other problems such as lack of education，starvation，disasters，AIDS and other diseases.At 6.____________ UN meeting in 2000，all of its members agreed to try and meet eight development goals by the year 2017，one of 7.______________ is to ensure that clean water is available to everyone and 8.____________ is that all children complete primary education.

　　答案：1.that/which　2.after　3.for　4.or　5.with　6.a　8.another

　　lack　．缺乏(教材P)When there is a lack of food，there is hunger.

　　只要缺乏食物就会有饥饿。

　　(1)lack for nothing没有欠缺(2)for/through lack of＋因缺乏……＋缺乏……不缺乏不缺少(3) lacking adj.

　　短缺的缺乏的缺乏　(2017·高考江苏卷·任务型阅读)Negative influences include lack of moral sense.

　　消极影响包括缺乏道德感罪恶感和过度的消费。(2017·高考浙江卷·阅读理解)It’s not that exercise makes you healthy；it’s more that a_lack_of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.与其说运动使你健康；不如说缺乏运动使你的身体虚弱容易受到疾病的影响。lack(for) is time.

　　我们唯一缺少的就是时间。温馨提示　lack作名词时后常接of；作及物动词时直接加宾语；作不及物动词时后常接介词for；lacking为形容词一般不放在名词前。【活用】——用适(1)Peter was severely lectured for lack ________consideration for his mother.

　　(2)I will see that you lack ________nothing while you attend college.

　　(3)None of his plans ever comes through because he is lacking ________ determination.

　　答案：(1)of　(2)for　(3)in worthy　值得的有价值的；令人敬重的相称的(教材P)With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations，the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.　在这些军队和其他一些可敬的组织的协助下联合国为战争及灾难的受害者提供援助。

　　(1)be worthy of...值得/配得上……＝be worthy to be done

　　值得被做崇高的事业2)worth adj.

　　值……钱值得做某事是值得的(3)worthwhile adj.

　　值得做的值得出力的；值得花时间和精力的值得去做某事。　[易混辨析]worthwhile

　　worthwhile 值得指花时间去做某事是值得的。可作表语、定语或补语。

　　worth 价值……后接表价值的数量词。(well)worth＋(非常)值得……

　　be worthy of being done/sth.或to be done值得……的；应得到……的。可作表语也可作定语作定语时意为：有价值的值得尊敬的应受到赏识的。(2017·高考江西卷·阅读表达)Fishing lovers believe that their hobby is worth it.钓鱼爱好者们认为他们的爱好是值得的。约翰逊先生坚决要求那个值得关注的问题应该在会上讨论。worthy English­Chinese dictionary.

　　这是一本有价值的英汉词典。【活用】——一句多译这家工厂值得参观。(1)(用worth)_____________________________________________________(2)(用worthy)____________________________________________________(3)(用worthwhile)_________________________________________________答案：(1)The factory is worth visiting.　(2)The factory is worthy of being visited/to be visited/a visit.　(3)It’s worthwhile visiting/to visit the factory. equal　．与……相同或相等相等的；胜任的；平等的同等的人；相等物(2017·高考山东卷·阅读理解)She should be as free and equal as whites.　她应该与白人一样是自由和平等的。

　　(1)equal in比得上敌得过 (通常不用于进行体)2)on equal terms

　　平等相处；地位相等(3)equality n.

　　平等(4)equally

　　adv.

　　平等地　equal pay for equal work.

　　妇女要求同工同酬。我没有他力气大。equal in music.他在音乐方面没有对手。 born equal．人生来是平等的。【活用】——用equal的适当形式填空(1)Men and women have ________ rights in China.

　　(2)He is my ________ in strength.

　　(3)Don’t you believe in ________ between men and women?

　　(4)Diet and exercise are ________ important.

　　答案：(1)equal　(2)equal　(3)equality　(4)equally contribute　捐赠捐献捐助；贡献；促成导致(教材P)They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.　她们每天从每个成员那里大约收1.35元钱然后把它们和政府捐助的钱加在一起。

　　(1)contribute sth.(to/towards)　捐献捐赠(对……)有贡献；有助于；促成；是……的成因之一；捐(款等)给……；向……投稿(2) contribution n.

　　捐款；贡献；投稿为……做贡献　contribute to his downfall.

　　各种因素导致了他的垮台。许多毕业生显然对国家财富做出了贡献但所有投资和创造工作的企业也是如此。make a contribution to the hospital building fund？你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？【活用】——用contribute的相关词语完成小片段(1)____________money____________the poor kids，which (2)____________their returning to school.A writer wrote this story and (3)____________a magazine.

　　来自全国各地的好心人为贫穷的孩子捐款这使他们能够重返校园。一个作家写了这个故事并给一家杂志投了稿。答案：(1)contribute；to　(2)contribute to solving(3)contributed it to

　　means　．方法手段(教材P)Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages—no one has the means to pay them.　医疗护理受限因为在那些村子里根本没有医生和护士没有人能付得起这个费用。

　　(1)by all means　一定尽一切可能当然行通过……的方式决不一点也不(位于句首时用倒装)用这种/那种方式(2)mean v.

　　意思是意味着；意欲打算吝啬的；自私的(3)meaning n.

　　意思含义　means available.

　　这是唯一可行的交通工具。(2017·高考陕西卷·阅读理解)Class means a person’s economic position in society.等级意味着一个人在社会上的经济地位。她绝不是个毫无经验的老师。【活用】——用means的相关短语填空(1)Thoughts are expressed ____________words.

　　(2)—Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?

　　—____________．Ours is much stronger than theirs.(3)—Can I see it？—____________．Here you are.答案：(1)by means of　(2)By no means　(3)By all means remind　提醒使想起(教材P)It reminded me of my time in Sudan，where several Doctors without Borders staff were attacked as people tried to get the food.　这使我想起在苏丹的日子人们在抢食物时好几位无国界医生组织成员受到了攻击。

　　remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事提醒某人做某事提醒某人……使某人想起……＋wh

　　提醒某人该……　(2017·高考天津卷·阅读理解)Similar efforts have been made worldwideremind us to turn off lights when we are not using them，so that other creatures can share the night.

　　类似的努力已在全球范围内展开了还有一个运动正在进行中提醒我们当我们不用灯时要关掉以便其他的生物可以和我们一起共享夜晚。这首音乐让我想起了儿时幸福的一幕。remind me what I should do next?

　　你能温馨提示　与remind sb.of sth.中的remind有相同用法的词还有accuse。【活用】——用适当的动词填空(1)____________ sb.of sth.　治好某人的病(2)____________ sb.of sth.　指控某人某事(3)____________ sb.of sth.　骗取某人某物(4)____________ sb.of sth.　通知某人某事(5)____________ sb.of sth.　使某人相信某事(6)____________ sb.of sth.　抢劫某人的某物答案：(1)cure　(2)accuse　(3)cheat　(4)inform(5)convince　(6)rob refer to　谈及提到；涉及；查阅参考；与……相关(教材P)I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.　我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈UN——这个名称更常用。

　　refer to a dictionary(＝look up sth.in a dictionary)　查字典将……提交支付将……称作……被称为……　refer to patients by name，not case number.

　　现在一些医院提到病人时用名字而不是病例编号。 don’t know what book to get，refer to the list on page 3.

　　如果你不知道要什么书请查看第三页上的书单。她总是称本为“那个大好人”。【活用】——写出下列refer to的含义(1)What does the underlined word“them”in Paragraph 2 refer to？____________(2)When giving the lecture，he referred to his note from time to time.____________

　　(3)You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.____________

　　(4)As far as I know，he is referred to as a living Lei Feng.____________

　　答案：(1)指的是　(2)参考　(3)移交　(4)称作 break down　出故障抛锚；分解(教材P)However，if the pump breaks down，repairing it can be troublesome，as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it.　然而如果水泵出了毛病修理是件很棘手的事因为得请一个来自最近的城镇的工程师来修理。

　　(1)break up打碎驱散(关系)破裂从……中脱离闯入；打断(in是副词不接宾语)闯入(后接宾语)(火灾、战争等)突然发生爆发突破(障碍包围等)(2)take down

　　记下来拆掉写下镇压把音量放低；拒绝砍倒定居；安家　(2017·高An old man’s car broke down.一位老人的车抛锚了。broken down.

　　电话系统瘫痪了。和谈于1982年6月彻底失败。【活用】A——用break的相关短语填空(1)A fire ____________during the night.

　　(2)Water can be____________ into hydrogen and oxygen.

　　(3)Marriages based on money are easy to ____________．(4)His house was ____________ last week.

　　答案：(1) broke out　 (2) broken down　(3) break up(4) broken into

　　【活用】B——写出下列句中break down的含义(1)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air­conditioning system broke down.____________

　　(2)News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.____________

　　(3)Your health will break down if you work too hard.____________

　　(4)Plastic bags are difficult to break down.____________

　　答案：(1)出故障；损坏　(2)会谈失败　(3)累垮(4)分解 think back to　回想(教材P)When I think back to all the experiences that I have had around the world since joining Doctors without Borders，I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help others and do something worthwhile.　每当我回想起自我加入“无国界医生组织”以来我在世界各地的经历时我就感觉到能够帮助别人并

　　think about　想；考虑；思考考虑；想起记起；想出把……看作……想出；认真考虑仔细考虑＝be well/highly thought of高度评价认为某人/某事不好　think back to that day，I can barely recall how she looked.

　　当我追忆那一天时我基本上想不起她当时的表情了。thought less of him for showing his emotions.

　　没有人因为他表露了自己Didn’t you ever think_about others?

　　难道你就从没考虑过别人？

　　Ⅰ.品句填词____________(受害者)．____________(拥有) of Diaoyu Islands since ancient times.____________(偏僻的) country area__________(相等的) importance are skills.____________(值得的) of consideration.____________(扩展)one sentence into a paragraph.____________(空缺的)____________(供选择的)plans of having a picnic or taking a boat trip.__________(紧急的)thing to settle.____________(政治的)reasons as a young man.答案：1.victims　2.possession　3.remote　4.equal　6.expanded　7.vacant　8.alternative　10.political选词填空；in addition；equal；contribute to；under the umbrella of；break down；in chaos；remind sb.of sth.；think back to；make a difference________________ to a child’s life by helping him/her go to university.

　　2．The film ________________ me ________________ those days when I was taken good care of in the village.

　　3．This research center is ________________ Beijing University，to which its profits belong.

　　4．The computer system ________________ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

　　5．When I ________________ those nights，it is the crunch of snow and the warm lights from the windows that I remember.

　　6．I arrived home to find the house ________________．________________special cases.

　　8．We will be demanding ________________ rights at work.

　　9．________________，time is also limited.

　　10．Honesty and hard work ________________success and happiness.

　　答案：1.make a difference　2.reminded；of　3.under the umbrella of　 4.broke down　5.think back to　6.in chaos　8.equal　9.In addition　10.contribute to单项填空________ in experience，she didn’t manage to pass the interview.

　　A．LackB．Lack of解析：选D。lacking in...“缺少缺乏……”是形容词短语作状语。________ heart trouble and cause high blood pressure.

　　A．result fromB．attend to

　　C．contribute to D．devote to

　　解析：选C。contribute to“是……的原因造成”。________ prevent the water from ________．；pollutingB．will be used to；polluting；pollutedD．is used to；being polluted解析：选D。means“方式方法”单复数同形根据前面的every可知用的是单数排除A；from是介词后面需接e water与pollute之间构成被动关系所以选D。________of damage.

　　A．worthB．price

　　C．valueD．prize

　　解析：选A。worth价值”；thousands of pounds’价值数千英镑的损失”。The examination results ________ in the speech of our headmaster delighted all of us.

　　A．refer toB．referring to

　　C．was referred toD．referred to

　　解析：选D。过去分词作定语修饰results是不及物动词后加to才能接宾语和results之间构成被动关系。

　　(教材P)This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.　这块地难以耕种但现在水已经被抽进了地里。

　　This land was difficult to farm 是“be＋性质形容词＋不定式”结构。在这个结构中的不定式和主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系该不定式须用主动形式表示被动意义。动词不定式主动表被动的情况：(1)主语＋be＋＋to do(其中不定式与主句的主语构成动宾关系)(2)不定式短语作后置定语时如果主语或句中另一名词或代词是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语并且不定式与所修饰名词有动宾关系不定式主动表示被动。(3)常用于本句型的形容词有：easyy，fit，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange等。　The site is extremely expensive to maintain and it will cost between three and five million yuan to repair it.

　　这个遗址保护起来是极其昂贵的要花三至五百万元来修缮。the car comfortable to ride in.

　　我觉得这车坐着很舒服。这盒子轻得可带走。 (教材P)If only there were more people donating money to charities！　要是有更多的人给慈善机构捐助些钱就好了！

　　句中If only...！意为“真希望……！若是……1)if only后面的句子中谓语动词用过去时表现在；用过去完成时表过去；用could/would表将来。(2)only if引起的条件状语从句表示“只有……(才)；只有在……的时候唯一的条件是……”的意思；与if引导的一般条件句相比它有一种增强主句语势的作用。　If only I knew his name!

　　要是我知道他的名字就好了！我们要是采纳你的建议就好了！If only I could see him again!

　　要是我能再看到他多好啊！他只有竭尽全力才能成功。温馨提示　only if位于句首时其主句应用倒装结构则无此用法。Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night.

　　只有患者情况紧急时你才可以在半夜叫医生看病。 (教材P)Arrived here to find everything was in chaos.

　　来到这儿发现一切都是乱糟糟的。

　　句中to find为不定式作结果状语；不定式表示结果常用于下面结构：　to make you so angry?

　　我说了什么话使你这样生气？arted，never_to_see each other again.散会后他们分手了从此再也没有见面。only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站结果发现火车已经离开了。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子____________________(只有)his father has given permission__________________(杰克才能在泳池里游泳)．____________________(宁愿你来)next weekend.____________________ (只发现自己被捆) to a big tree.____________________(他当时在这儿就好了)．这个提议值得仔细思考。____________________to think the proposal over.

　　答案：1.Only if；can Jack swim in the pool　2.would rather you came　3.only to find himself tied　4.he had been hereⅡ.句型转换________________the doctor，you would be badly ill.

　　2．We usually go to bed at 10：00.But now it’s 11：30.________________ that we ____________ to bed.

　　3．He made many mistakes and he didn’t pass the test.

　　→If he ________________ many mistakes，he ________________the test.

　　4．I suggested that the student should have another try at answering the question.

　　→________________was that the student ________ again at answering the question.

　　5．How I wish it were Sunday today.

　　→________________it were Sunday today.

　　答案：1.had not seen　2.high time；went　3.hadn’t made；would have passed　4.My suggestion；try　5.If only单项填空(2017·江苏盐城中学学期调研)________ you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.B．As far as解析：选D。从后面的will you可知是倒装语序前面需要only修饰条件状语从句。________ quietly as the doctor instructed，he would not suffer so much now.

　　A．liesB．lay

　　C．should lieD．had lain

　　解析：选D。if only 意为“要是……就好了”其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反故选D。________ paid special attention to.

　　A．referred to beingB．referred to be

　　C．refer to beingD．refer to be

　　解析：选B。referred to为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰the problems。insist表示“坚持认为坚决主张”意思时后接宾语从句句中的谓语should＋do可以省略故用be paid。________ has happened in Iraq.

　　A．asB．one

　　C．whatD．that解析：选A。as引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中做主语。意为“正如”。________your own clothes.

　　—I would rather you ________that for me just like before.

　　A．washed；had done；have done；have done；had washed解析：选A。考查it’s time that和would rather句型中用虚拟语气。it’s time 后从句通常要用过去时。would rather句型中表示与现在时间相反从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去时间相反用动词的过去完成时。

　　[写作素材]在非洲一些国家是没有自来水的。现在工程师们正在教农民怎样用竹子运水。这些非洲国家需要廉价的运水方法因为他们缺钱。他们的贫穷是难以描述的。让他们不用花太多钱。他们觉得这样做是值得的。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。[连句成篇](将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文。)________________________________________________

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　　One possible version：running water in some African countries.Now，engineers are teaching poor farmers how to carry water by using bamboo.These African countries need cheap ways to carry water because they lack money.Their poverty is beyond description.Bamboo pipes allow them to bring water to their fields without spending a lot of money.They think it is worthwhile.

　　温馨提示 完成作业：课后达标检测19