2016届高三（牛津版）英语一轮复习讲义 模块8 Unit 2《The universal language》

　　话　题：　社　会

　　【词汇积累】 【佳句背诵】

　　令人尊敬的

　　成就

　　志愿者

　　有进取心的

　　决心

　　有魅力的

　　杰出的

　　合作

　　美德

　　责任

　　有坚强的意志

　　对……做研究

　　决心做某事

　　做好事

　　需要

　　与……

　　分享……

　　为……

　　树立榜样

　　对……有好处Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。

　　As a dedicated player，Yao Ming sets us a good example.作为一名富有献身精神的运动员姚明给我们树立了一个良好的榜样。

　　With great determination and perseverance，she commits to helping the blind and deaf

　　children，which makes a great contribution to the charity.凭着无比的决心和毅力她全身心帮助盲聋儿童为慈善事业作出重大贡献。【写作模板】　公共场合的文明礼仪 As we all know, which damages the image of the Chinese.

　　Some people spit wherever they go and others drop litter in the street, which can make

　　our environment dirty.Still some talk loudly on the phone as if they were at home.Worse still, some tourists scribble on the cultural relics.

　　It is time that we stopped our rude behavior and learnt to behave politely.We should always

　　put all the rubbish into the dustbin to keep the environment clean.We should talk quietly in public places in order not to disturb others.In this way, we will be able to live in

　　harmony with others.

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写　根据词义写出英文单词。____________ vt. & vi.选派角色；投射(光影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)____________ vt.

　　宣判判刑；指责谴责____________ adj.

　　固执的顽固的____________ vt.

　　抓住捉住；逮捕捉拿；夺取攻占____________

　　n．& vt.

　　要求需求；强烈要求需要____________ adj.

　　清楚的____________ vt.

　　责骂；斥责训斥____________ n.

　　机遇时机____________ n.

　　人事部门；职员全体人员____________ vt.& vi

　　寻求追求寻找；试图设法____________ adj.

　　破损的受伤的；中止了的；不连续的____________ n.

　　失业失业人数____________ n.

　　收藏品；作品集；一排(人或物品)；取走____________ n.

　　根根茎；起因根源生根扎根____________ adj.

　　逐渐的逐步的；平缓的不陡的____________ vi. & vt.

　　衰落；下降；婉言谢绝衰落衰败；减少；下降____________ n.

　　歧视区别对待；鉴赏力辨别力____________ n.

　　趋势趋向；____________ adj.

　　不愿意不情愿；勉强的无奈的____________ adj.

　　极好的；令人敬畏的令人惊叹的答案：1.cast　2.condemn　3.stubborn　4.seize　5.demand　6.evident　7.scold　8.opportunity　9.personnel　10.seek　11.broken　12.unemployment　13.collection　14.root　15.gradual　16.decline　17.discrimination　19.unwilling　20.awesome单词拓展　写出下列单词及其派生词。____________ adj.

　　共同的普遍的全体的全世界的____________ n.

　　宇宙____________ n.

　　自由____________ n.

　　解放____________ n.

　　奴隶制；奴隶身份____________ n.

　　奴隶____________ vi.& vt.

　　联合团结；统一____________ adj.

　　一致的；共同的____________ adj.

　　引起恐慌的；令人不安的____________ v.

　　扰乱妨碍____________ n.

　　扰乱骚动____________ n．偏见伤害____________ adj.

　　有偏见的____________ adj.

　　仁慈的宽大为怀的____________ n.

　　仁慈怜悯恩惠宽恕 答案：1.universal；universe　2.liberty；liberation　3.slavery；slave　4.unite；united　5.disturbing；disturb；disturbance　6.prejudice；prejudiced　7.merciful；mercy

　　1．________________

　　被处以某种刑罚________________

　　允许某人做某事________________

　　没能够做成……________________

　　渴望做……________________

　　违背诺言________________

　　对……一见钟________________

　　呈现________________

　　不愿意做……________________

　　为某事责备某人________________

　　对……是可进入的________________

　　被转换成……________________

　　有……倾向

　　13．________________

　　突然兴起迅速出现________________

　　被认为是……________________

　　破裂解散；破碎答案：1.be condemned to sth.　2.allow sb.to do sth.　4.be eager to do　5.break one’s promise　7.take on　8.be unwilling to do　9.scold sb.for sth.　10.be accessible to　11.be transformed into　12.have a tendency to...　14.be thought of as...　15.break up语境填词Five years ago(1)________________(向玛丽求婚)(2)________________(婉言谢绝) because of his arrogance and (3)________________(偏见)．Moreover(4)________________(歧视) against women was once (5)________________(责骂) and (6)______________(谴责) by many people.Due to his character(7)________________(不愿意) to speak to him.Later(8)________________(逐渐地) realized his shortcomings and began to (9)______________(寻求) others’ forgiveness.Before long(10)________________(幼儿园) and married.答案：(1)asked for Mary’s hand in marriage　(2)declined(3)prejudice　(4)discrimination　(5)scolded　(6)condemned　(7)unwilling　(8)gradually　(9)seek　(10)kindergarten

　　1．比较级和否定词连用表达的是肯定意义t imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting!

　　[仿写]　我十分同意你的意见。________________ you.

　　2．find sb./sth.＋(宾补)发觉某人某事……finds the death disturbing.

　　[仿写]　我觉得这部电影很无聊。________________．would like to后省略了do sowould like to，he cannot break his promise and must allow Turandot to do as she wishes.

　　[仿写]　男孩想在街上骑自行车但他妈妈不让。________________．while引导的是让步状语从句意为“虽然尽管”While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.

　　[仿写]　我虽然承认他的优点但还是能看到他的缺点。________________his advantages，I can see his disadvantages.

　　答案：1.more with　2.boring　3.told him not to　4.While I admit

　　The world­famous opera，Turandot，is the story of a coldhearted Chinese princess，named Turandot.In order to avoid marriage，she says that 1.____________ potential husband must answer three riddles correctly 2.____________ die.A handsome prince，named Calaf，says that he will solve the problems and marry her.But a young slave of his father，Liu，begins to love him，then the story takes 3.____________ a classic love triangle featuring Calaf，Turandot，and Liu，4.____________ love for Calaf is unconditional.5.____________ Calaf recites the answers 6.____________ the Turandot’s questions correctly，she is greatly upset by this.Seeing this，Calaf says that 7.____________ she can guess his name by sunrise，she dose not have to marry him.In order to learn his name，Turandot tortures Liu，asking for the name.Unfortunately，Liu kills 8.____________．But at the end of the story celebrates their happiness.

　　答案：1.any　2.or　3.on　4.whose　5.Although　6.to　7.if　8.herself

　　cast　选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)(教材P)Some of the world’s greatest opera singers were cast in this production，and many great Chinese musicians also participated.　几位世界级歌剧演唱家在演出中担任角色许多杰出的中国音乐家也参与进来。

　　cast new light on sth.　对某事有新的认识(on/over)

　　(在某物上)投下影子(或阴影)怀疑……使cast off

　　解缆摆脱　cast off such an uninteresting task.

　　他终于摆脱了这么一项乏味的工作。当时Candles cast a romantic light in the restaurant’s dining room.烛光为饭店的餐厅增添了几分浪漫。 unwilling　不情愿的；勉强的；不愿意的；无奈的(教材P)Turandot becomes very angry at this turn of events，as she is unwilling to get married.　图兰朵对于事情的这一转折非常生气因为她不愿意结婚。

　　(1)be unwilling to do不愿意做……(2)will n.

　　意愿随心所欲违心 (3)willing adj.

　　愿意的e willing to do

　　愿意做……　(2017·高考山东卷·阅读理解)He did a surveyf other fast­food chains were unwilling to turn away from them.他做了一个调查表明Sparrow已有的顾客对连锁店抱着积极的态度而其他快餐店的顾客不愿意离开别的快餐店。你知不知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目？oes it?

　　——问问她不会有什么的对不对？against my will.

　　我被迫违心地在协议上签了字。 demand　强烈要求；需要要求；需求(教材P)Calaf’s father and Liu have been seen accompanying Calaf，so Turandot seizes Calaf’s father and Liu，and demands that they tell her Calaf’s name or they will be beaten.　卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿被发现陪着卡拉夫所以图兰朵抓住他俩要求他们告诉她卡拉夫的名字否则就打他们。

　　(1)demand that sb.(should)do　要求某人做……要求做……(2)meet/satisfy one’s demands(for...)

　　满足某人(对……的)需求需求大……一经要求(3) demanding adj.

　　需高技能的费力的；苛求的难满足的　(2017·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解) Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.完全掌握一门知识需要持10岁或12岁。我坚决要求见经理。③But the eldest daughter demanded that he reduce_the_number of his soldiers to fifty.

　　但是他的大女儿要求他将他的卫队人数减少到50。demands this year.

　　需要30万幢新房子来满足今年的需求。温馨提示　demand后不能直接接sb.to do sth.。【活用】——一句多译他要求把一切都告诉他。(1)He demands ________________ everything.

　　(2)He demands that he ________________ everything.

　　答案：(1)to be told　(2)(should) be told decline　婉言谢绝；衰落下降衰落下降；衰败；减少(教材P)From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a gradual decline，...

　　从二十世纪三十年代初至二十世纪五十年代初传统的爵士乐开始逐渐走向没落

　　(1)decline an invitation谢绝邀请婉拒做某事拒绝回答问题暮年晚年(2)a decline in prices

　　物价的下跌cline

　　在衰退中；在下降　(2017·高考江苏卷·任务型阅读)They teach kids to stand up and be themselvesdecline to do things that they believe are wrong.

　　他们教给孩子们要独立要做自己并且鼓励他们有礼貌地拒绝去做他们认为错的事情。(2017·高考山东卷·阅读理解)Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining尽管Sparrow没有显示业绩下降的迹象但连锁却普遍的处于不景气的状态。d in spite of Western influence.

　　虽有西方影响但中国的艺术并未因此而衰落。【活用】——句型转换______________．答案：on the decline seek　试图设法；寻找寻求(教材P)In the early 1950s，a record company owner from Memphis，Tennessee，Sam Philips，sought to bring rock music to white audiences.　在20世纪50年代早期一位来自田纳西州孟菲斯城的唱片公司老板萨姆·菲利普斯设法给白人听众带去摇滚乐。

　　(1)seek sth.from sb.　向某人寻求某物试图/设法做某事找出追求；寻求(2)seek one’s fortune

　　寻找致富及成功之路truth/fortune/fame

　　寻求帮助/寻找答案/寻求真理/追求财富/求名(3) 过去式：sought；过去分词：sought　(2017·高考山东卷·单项填空)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek一家在国内市场利润下降的公司可能会去国外谋求机会。seeking to reduce the dropout rate.

　　地方学校在寻求降低辍学率。年轻人渴望到深圳寻找致富的机会。【活用】——用seek的相关词语的适当形式填空(1)He ____________(cheat)in the exam but in vain.

　　(2)He went to Beijing to ____________(碰运气)．(3)She calmed down and then ____________(向一位邻居求助)．答案：(1)sought to cheat　(2)seek his fortune/fame　(3)sought help from a neighbour be condemned to sth.　被处以某种刑罚(教材P)Those who cannot answer all three riddles，however，will be condemned to death.

　　然而猜不出全部三道谜语的人就要被判死刑。

　　(1)condemn sb.for sth.　因某事而谴责某人(to为介词)

　　把……逼入某状态使某人注定……(2)be condemned to do sth.

　　迫使/注定去做某事被判处死刑 (3)同义词：be sentenced to　他因凶杀罪被判处死刑后被绞死。was condemned to hang for killing her husband.

　　她因杀害亲夫被处于绞刑。【活用】——用condemn的相关词语完成小片段(1)____________ living a poor life.Though she knew that society would (2)____________ abandoning her baby，she did so at last.The judge (3)____________ one year in prison.But she expected to (4)____________．缺乏技能注定了她要过着艰难的生活。尽管她知道社会会谴责她遗弃孩子她还是做了。法官判处她一年徒刑但她希望被判处死刑。答案：(1)condemned her to　(2)condemn her for(3)condemned her to　(4)be condemned to death break up　破裂解散；破碎(教材P)However，even though the Beatles broke up in 1970，no group since has ever come close to being as popular or selling as many records.　然而即使甲壳虫乐队在1970年解散自从那时起再也没有乐队像他们那样受欢迎或者卖跟他们一样多的唱片。

　　break away from　摆脱与……断绝来往(车)抛锚(物质)分解(政府)垮台(计划)失败(组织)瓦解(人)非常悲伤(身体)垮了(和谈)中断强行闯进打扰插嘴拆开裂开断绝(关系)停止中断谈话闯入强行进入破门而入(眼泪)夺眶而出(疾病、火灾) 突然发生(部队)突围(战争)爆发冲破阻力向前在某个领域有进展或突破　broke through the enemy’s defence line.联军很快就突破了敌人的防线。【活用】——用break短语的适当形式填空(1)—I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have ____________．(2)The criminal ____________ the policemen who were holding him.

　　(3)The thieves ____________ his house and stole a lot of money.

　　(4)When World War Ⅰ____________，he seemed to have become another man，downhearted.

　　(5)The car ____________ on the way.

　　(6)Scientists think they have ____________ in their attempt to find the causes of many major diseases.

　　(7)He ____________ in the middle of his story.

　　答案：(1)broken up　(2)broke away from　(3)broke into　(4)broke out　(5) broke down　 (6) broken through(7) broke off

　　Ⅰ.品句填词____________(害怕) to speak to your parents like that again____________(看……一眼) her eyes down to avoid direct eye contact.____________(趋势) is towards more part­time employment.____________(责骂) the dog for bringing mud into the house.____________(婚姻)．tails of the agreement，the President____________(婉拒)．____________(明显的) to all of you that he has made a mistake.____________(抓住) the chance____________(选派)for the part of Hamlet.____________(寻求)to food safety problem.答案：1.dare　2.cast　3.trend　4.scolding　5.marriage　6.declined　7.evident　8.Seize　9.cast　10.seek选词填空；dare；cast；scold for；ask for sb.’s hand in marriage；seize；break up；seek out；evident；take on________________ to cover the story now.

　　2．He is unwilling to________________ the responsibility.

　　3．Tom ________________ his eyes down to pretend to learn new words.

　　4．When I got home，I heard mother ____________ my brother ____________ playing computer games.

　　5．Last Friday Mr.Wang came here to ____________ your daughter’s ____________．________________？________________ customers.

　　8．It was ________________ to me that he was not telling the truth.

　　9．________________ the chance to get promoted，or you’ll wait two more years.

　　10．After he retired from office，Rogers ________________ painting for a while，but soon lost interest.

　　答案：1.dare　2.take on　3.cast　4.scolding；for　5.ask for；hand in marriage　6.break up　7.seek out　8.evident　10.took up单项填空________ the partnership.

　　A．break up B．break through解析：选D。考查动词短语的辨析。break down“(车)抛锚(物质)分解(政府)垮台(计划)失败(组织)瓦解(人)非常悲伤(身体)垮了(和谈)中断”。break out“(眼泪)夺眶而出(疾病、火灾) 突然发生(部队)突围(战争)爆发”；break through“现出露出break up“分解驱散打碎使……分裂”。________because he was forbidden to go out with his brothers.

　　A．cast awayB．cast down

　　C．thrown offD．thrown out

　　解析：选B。句意：他很沮丧因为被禁止与哥哥们一起出去。cast down sb.“使某________，preferring to keep his current job.

　　A．decreasedB．retired

　　C．leftD．declined

　　解析：选D。句意：当让他担任主席时史密斯先生婉言谢绝了他宁愿做现在的工作。decline指“有礼貌地拒绝提议或邀请”符合题意。decrease“减retire“退休”；leave“离开”。________ English every day.

　　A．should practise to speakB．would practise speaking

　　C．could practise speakingD．practise speaking

　　解析：选D。demand that...should＋动词原形。should可以省略；practise后接动名词。故选D。句意：我们老师要求我们所有人每天练习说英语。rderer ________ killing his boss.

　　A．was condemned to death for

　　B．was condemned death as

　　C．was condemned to death as

　　D．condemned to death for

　　解析：选A。考查固定搭配be condemned to death for sth./doing sth.“因……被处死”。

　　(教材P)Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting！　想象一下在紫禁城上演这场歌剧吧——不可能有比这更令人叹为观止的场景了！

　　此句应用了“no/never＋a/an＋比较级＋单数名词”的结构表示最高级含义。下列结构均表示最高级含义：(1)否定词＋比较级(2)比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词比较级＋than all(the)other＋单数名词比较级＋than anyone else比较级＋than any of the other＋复数名词比较级＋than the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词(3)完成时＋never＋so＋＋a/an＋完成时＋never＋such＋a/an＋＋n完成时＋never＋＋enough(4)can’t...＋＋enough＋　never read a better one.这小说里的故事非常完美。我从来没看过比这个更好的。have never seen such a glorious sunrise.

　　我从未见过这样壮观的日出。你再怎么表扬他都不为过。 (教材P)The emperor finds the death disturbing.

　　皇上为死人的事感到不安。

　　本句使用的是find＋宾语＋宾补是形容词用来补充说明the death。＋复合宾语”中宾补常用名词(或短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词或to be来充当。当使用动词不定式作宾语其后再接宾补时常用形式宾语而把真正的宾语放在后面。　 I got home，I found the door open.

　　到家时我发现门开着。年轻人发觉解When he came to himself，he found himself surrounded by some unknown people.

　　当他醒来时发现自己被一些不认识的人围着。我发现中国人民是快乐幸福的。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子在村里小汉斯的花园是最可爱的了。____________________ than that of little Hans.

　　2．这两个女孩长得很相像不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。____________________ to tell one from the other.

　　3．根据科学家研究我们的精气神在22岁达到高峰值之后便从27岁开始下滑。 ________from the age of 27 after ____________the highest level at 22.

　　4．世上没有比那些书更有价值的东西了。____________________those books.

　　5．不给孩子做出表率而一味责怪他的行为是毫无用处的。____________________ his behavior without showing him a good example.

　　答案：1.no garden more lovely　2.find it difficult　3.decline；reaching　4.more valuable than　5.scolding the child for句型转换____________________ on the stage is very popular in our school.

　　2．The wall being painted white now was very dirty before.

　　→The wall____________________ white now was very dirty before.

　　3．Health is the most valuable.

　　→Nothing ____________________than health.

　　4．The students followed the teacher into the classroom.

　　→The students came into the classroom，____________________．wly，____________________what he would talk about at the meeting to be held soon.

　　答案：1.The girl singing　2.which is being painted　3.can be more valuable　4.following the teacher　5.thinking 单项填空theast have never experienced________natural disaster in 2017.

　　—Exactly.Let’s do our bit to help them.

　　A．a more severe B．the most severe

　　C．the more severeD．a most severe

　　解析：选A。考查比较级句型。never...more...“没有比……更……的”用比较级形式表示最高级含义。(2017·江苏盱眙中学高三检测)He is afraid to face the difficulty he thinks he’ll have ________ the driving test tomorrow；he finds it difficult ________ rid of the worries.；gotB．passing；to getto pass；getting D．in passing；in getting解析：选B。第一个空是考查have difficulty(in)doing...；第二个空考查find后跟宾语和宾补因宾语较长又由不定式充当所以________．解析：选A。此处用省略形式 to 来代替前面的动作以避免重复。________the girl’s bag and took it away，________into the darkness.

　　A．seizing；disappearedB．seized；disappeared；disappearingD．seized；disappearing解析：选D。第一空seized和took是句子的并列谓语是现在分词短语作伴随状语。________the lecture.

　　—No one had told him about________a lecture the following day.

　　A．attend；there to beB．attending；there being；there beD．attending；there was解析：选B。第一空find sb.doing“发觉某人正做某事”第二空作about的介词宾语所以用动名词形式there being。

　　[写作素材]世界上的音乐有两大类一类是写下来的另一类是没有写下来的。民间音乐是一代一代流传下来的。起初从来没有人把它写下来过。人们是从家人、亲戚、村里的邻居或朋友那里学会唱这些歌的。众所周知民间音乐歌词内容主要与乡村生活、季节、动植物以及人们生活中的爱情与忧伤有关。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。[连句成篇](将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文。)___

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　　One possible version： kinds of music in the world—one is written down and the other is not.Folk music has been passed down from one generation to another.At first，it was never written down.People learnt the songs from their families，relatives，neighbours and friends in the same village.As we all know，these songs are mainly about the country life，seasons，animals and plants，and about love and sadness in people’s lives.

　　温馨提示 完成作业：课后达标检测25