专项十一 名词性从句
Ⅰ.语法填空(根据句意填入适当的关系词)
1．(2017·安庆模拟)________ the city's public school system should be open to the children of migrant workers has become
the focus of discussion.
答案 Whether [whether “是否”，引导主语从句。句意：这座城市的公立学校是否对外来务工人员的孩子开放成为讨论的焦点。]
2．(2017·嘉兴模拟)________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
答案 Whoever [Whoever ＝ Anyone who。]
3．(2017·安徽马鞍山一次质检)It is often said that home is ________ the heart is and now part of my heart is with my new classmates.
答案 where [句意：人们常说：心在哪里，家就在哪里。现在我的一部分心和我的新同学在一起。本题考查表语从句。设空处表示地点，故用where引导。]
4．(2017·甘肃武威凉州一次诊断)Mary is a humorous and warmhearted woman and that is ________ she is a most popular person in her community.
答案 why [句意：玛丽是个既幽默又热心的女人，那就是她在她的社区非常受欢迎的原因。本题考查表语从句。“that is why...”意为：那是……的原因。]
5．The Grand Theatre is located on the corner of ________ is called the People's Square.
答案 what [介词of 后面接的应该是宾语从句。what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。而 that 引导宾语从句时，不作句子成分。]
6．(2017·北京模拟)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.
答案 that [句意：Jerry 不后悔给出了评价，但是感觉他本可以用不同的方式表达。宾语从句 he could have expressed it differently，这个从句主谓宾很完整，不缺成分，所以用that 引导。]
7．(2017·浙江杭州质检)Each graduate standing on the playground，________ was accompanied by a parent，would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.
答案 who [句意：站在操场上的每个毕业生，由他们的父亲或母亲陪伴着，都会由校长亲自颁发给毕业证。]
8．I know one of the things ________ I was unsure about was ________ hard it would be to climb that mountain.
答案 that；how [第一个空的 that 引导定语从句修饰 things；第二个空是表语从句，意为“爬上那座山是多么难”，故用 how 。]
9．—My wife tries her best to do everything for our children.
—That's exactly ________ I disagree.
答案 where [句意：——我妻子尽她所能为孩子们做一切。——那正是我不同意之处。where 引导表语从句。]
10．(2017·安徽江南十校联考)—It's my treat today.Is there anything particular you would like to have?
—________ you choose is fine with me.
答案 whatever [句意：——今天我请客。你有什么特别想吃的吗？——你选择的任何东西对我来说都可以。本题考查主语从句。“________ you choose”为主语从句，whatever等于anything that意为：……的任何东西。]
11．(2017·哈尔滨模拟) Education is ________ remains when we have forgotten all we have been taught.
答案 what [句意：当我们忘了所被教(所学)的时候，教育就成了最后的补救手段。 what 引导表语从句在从句中作主语。]
12．It would seem to be a general truth ________
nothing is as straightforward as it at first seems.
答案 that [that 引导同位语从句用以解释说明 truth 的内容。]
13．(2017·温州模拟)Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
答案 that [that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 evidence 的内容，在此处起连接作用，不作成分。]
14．(2017·浙江衢州一中一模)Playing basketball is a sport ________ working as a team matters more.
答案 where [句意：篮球是一项更注重团队合作的体育项目。本题考查定语从句。先行词为a sport，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Working as a team matters more in the sport.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故由where引导。]
15．The place
at ________ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________ the crossriver traffic is heaviest.
答案 at which；where [第一个空at which (＝ where)引导定语从句；第二个空 where 引导表语从句，where 在从句中作地点状语。]
Ⅱ.语法与写作
根据提示翻译下面的句子
1．父亲建议我们进行爬山比赛。(使用宾语从句)(湖南·书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________
2．它表明了当今的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心。(使用同位语从句)(福建·书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________
3．我最在乎的是和你在一起的美好记忆。(使用主语从句)(湖南·书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________
4．我的建议是你们应该资助一些项目让人们意识到长江江豚(finless porpoise)的严重形势并去保护它们。(使用表语从句) _______________________________________________________________
5．没有人否认这样一个事实，在这个过程中我们能够开阔视野。(使用同位语从句) _______________________________________________________________
答案
1．My father suggested we climb the hill and have a match.
2．It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families.
3．What I care most is the wonderful memory of being together with you.
4．My suggestion is that you should finance some programmes to make people aware of the serious situation of the finless porpoise and protect them.
5．No one can deny the fact that we can have our vision broadened in the process.