考点规范练22(选修8 ThemeA)
考点规范练第44页
.阅读理解1.
A
Dear Sirs,
I am planning to attend a language course in order to improve my English. I would like to know whether to learn British or American English. Which is better? Must I have a British teacher if I wish to learn British English?
Yours truly,
Manuel Gonzales
Paris
The editor’s reply:
English is a global language with many varieties.American and British English are the two main varieties. Each has many accents:the English of a Bostonian,for example,sounds very different from that of a Texan.
The major differences between American and British English are essentially differences of accent,inflection(词尾变化),spelling and,above all,vocabulary.Variations in tense usage exist but are not a big problem for learners of English.Some people claim that British English is superior to American English but really it is a matter of one’s own preference and needs as to which variety is learnt.So,“useful” is probably a more appropriate word than “better”.
If you need to use English only with British people(for example,if you are going to live in the United Kingdom),then it will probably be a good idea to have at least one British teacher on your program.
However,in a lot of cases,learners of English as a foreign language need to use it to communicate with native speakers from all over the world.Many will need to speak English with other non-native speakers(for example,a Swede with an Italian).In such cases,it doesn’t matter whether your teacher is American or British.
In addition,there are excellent teaching books,audio and video cassettes,devoted to either British or American English.Your teacher will be able to choose from these in order to provide you with relevant listening comprehension work and vocabulary input.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文,主要讲述了美式英语和英式英语的有关问题。
It can be inferred from this text that Manuel Gonzales .
A.has attended a language course
B.is a non-native English speaker
C.has found a good British teacher
D.prefers American English to British English
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据ManuelGonzales的提问及他的住址Paris可知,英语并不是他的母语。
2.Which of the following differences between American and British English is NOT difficult for learners?
A.Accent. B.Spelling.
C.Vocabulary. D.Tense usage.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据编辑回信第二段中的“VariationsintenseusageexistbutarenotabigproblemforlearnersofEnglish.”可知答案。
3.Which of the following cases is an example of underlined “such cases”?
A.A Greek and a German talk in English.
B.A Swede lives in the United Kingdom.
C.A person learns English as a foreign language.
D.A learner has access to teaching audio and video cassettes.
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。本段提到了两种状况,分别是英语非母语者经常会与来自全世界各地的英语母语者沟通及两个英语非母语者沟通。在这两种状况下,英语老师来自英国或是美国就没什么关系。
4.The editor thinks that having a British teacher is .
A.quite practical B.fairly necessary
C.not essentially useless D.not particularly important
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据编辑回信第四段的“itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryourteacherisAmericanorBritish”可知,编辑认为请一位英国的英语老师没有那么重要。
5.
B
Are you feeling blue?An American study suggests that being surrounded by happy friends and neighbors could have more of an effect on your happiness than money.That is the finding of researchers from Harvard University and the University of California at San Diego.
Nicholas Christakis and James Fowler studied the emotional health of more than four thousand seven hundred people.They used information from the Framingham Heart Study.That study began sixty years ago in the American community of Framingham,Massachusetts.It was started to learn more about the risks of heart attack and stroke.For the new study,the researchers examined the emotions of the men and women in the Framingham Heart Study.The information was gathered from 1983 to 2003.
The researchers found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves.That means that happiness spreads,or has a contagious effect,among people.And,the smaller the physical distance between friends,the larger the effect they had on each other’s happiness.For example,a person was twenty percent more likely to feel happy if his/her friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy.Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual’s chance of being happy by thirty-four percent.The effects of friends’ happiness lasted for up to a year.
Another finding was that people who worked together or were married did not have as much of an effect on happiness levels as friends did.The researchers said this was often true among friends of the same sex.
A report on the findings was published this month in the BritishMedicalJournal.America’s National Institute on Aging helped to pay for the study.Some researchers who were not involved with the study questioned its findings.They said the results could be disputed(争议) unless a separate study showed similar findings.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要向我们介绍了两位科学家的一项研究发现——快乐可以感染人,拥有快乐的朋友就会拥有快乐。
What does this text mainly tell us?
A.How to live a happy life.
B.One’s happiness influences others.
C.How to keep emotions healthy.
D.A scientific experiment.
答案:B
解析:主旨大意题。综合本文的内容可以看出,本文主要向我们介绍了两位科学家的一项研究发现——快乐可以感染人,拥有快乐的朋友就会拥有快乐。据此,我们可以确定本题的答案是B项。
6.From this text we know that .
A.Nicholas and James based their findings on the study of a medical research
B.Nicholas and James have been doing their research for more than twenty years
C.a person with a happy friend has more chance of feeling blue
D.a happy person is more likely to suffer from heart attack
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheyusedinformationfromtheFraminghamHeartStudy.”可知,这两位专家的理论是建立在他人的研究基础之上的。
7.The underlined word “contagious” in the third paragraph means .
A.contacting B.embarrassing
C.spreading D.frightening
答案:C
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线单词前面的并列连词or我们可以推测,contagious的意思与“spreading”接近。
8.According to this text,which of the following four persons may have a larger effect on Mrs Smith’s happiness?
A.Mr Green,Smith’s former classmate.
B.Mr Thomas,Smith’s colleague.
C.A friend in another city.
D.A happy single lady next door.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知,一位近距离的、快乐的、异性的朋友最有可能给我们带来快乐。据此,我们可以推测,本题的答案应是D项。
Ⅱ.七选五
WhyDoWeForgetThings?
When it comes to having perfect memories,it is apparent that we humans must have had some faults in our blueprints!Why don’t we remember everything that we want to remember?It makes us feel upset and get discouraged. 1 However,it’s true that we are all forgetful.
2 These are stored in what we call our “long-term memory”.What about before age three?Sigmund Freud,a doctor of Vienna,discovered the fact that we forget most of our early childhood. 3 They have different opinions.A very good theory,born from the results of experimentation with babies,is that absence of language ability at the time of an event stopped us from describing it to others.
4 Experts say that you can keep about seven things in your memory at once for up to three days.During that time,you may forget something in order to put something else in its place,or you put it into long-term memory.What goes into short-term memory are things you’ve learned about recently,in the past day or two. 5 For example,you may have met your favorite star last week,and this week you can tell all the details to a friend.A simple example to explain your short-term memory is to look at a list of twenty words for a minute or two.You will discover that you cannot remember more than about seven of them and that they are the ones in the beginning and at the end of the list because your mind has judged them to be more important than those in the middle.
A.Scientists now know that it may take longer to remember things for the old.
B.However,it is widely recognized that short-term memory can be improved.
C.Sometimes,it even causes us to lose self-respect or others to think less of us.
D.Psychologists have been studying what causes this forgetfulness since Freud’s time.
E.Most of us have vivid memories of our lives from about age three to our present ages.
F.Only if something really unusual happens does it stay in your short-term memory for longer.
G.The other type of memory,the “short-term memory”,is what we are usually referring to when we say,“I forgot.”
答案:1C 2E 3D 4G 5F
Ⅲ.语法填空
W:Peter,where is your car?I haven’t seen you drive to work for a long time!Did it break down or did somebody steal it?
M:Of course not!I 1 (give) up driving to work.I’ve been riding my bike to work recently.
W:Why?
M:Well,my office is just 2 stone’s throw from my home.3(ride)my bike is 4(convenient)than driving and finding a parking place.
W:Really?But 5 would take you at least 25 minutes to ride to your company from here.
M:Yes,sometimes 30 minutes.6 I love riding to work now.I love the fresh air—riding my bike helps me feel energetic.By the time I reach the office I have so much 7 .I don’t even need coffee 8(keep) me awake for the morning’s work.
W:9 do you think you’ll continue riding to work in the future?
M:I think so.I don’t have to look through grey car windows every day.I feel I 10 see the real life going on around me again.
答案:1gave 2a 3Riding 4more convenient 5it 6But 7energy 8to keep 9So 10can