Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Too much smoking and drinking________him greatly，which meant bad living habits had an________on his health.
A．affect；effect
B．affected；effect
C．affected；effects
D．affect；effects
解析 affect为及物动词“影响”；effect为名词。另外have an effect on为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”，故选B项。
答案 B
2．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places______that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A．suggest B．suggests
C．suggested
D．suggesting
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：有许多人依旧在公共场合吸烟，这一事实表明我们也许需要搞一次全国性的活动来提高人们对于吸烟危害性的认识。the fact后跟同位语从句，设空处为主句的谓语动词，故排除D项；由题干中的smoke和may等可知语境指现在的情况，故排除C项。本句主语为the fact，且本句陈述的是一个事实，故谓语动词应采用第三人称单数形式，故选B项。
答案 B
3．They receive a proportion of their________from the sales of goods and services.
A．income
B．pay
C．wage
D．expense
解析 income意为“收入”；pay意为“工资，薪水”；wage意为“按日或周所发的工资”；expense意为“花费；消费”。根据句意应选A项。
答案 A
4．It seemed that he was ______ losing his life.Luckily，he was ______ in the end.
A．in the danger of；out of danger
B．in danger of；out of danger
C．in the danger of；out of the dangerD．in danger of；out of the danger
解析 句意：他似乎有失去生命的危险，(但)幸运的是，他最终脱离了险境。in danger of有……的危险，out of danger脱离危险。
答案 B
5．Special________should be paid to improving your spoken English.
A．care
B．attention
C．interest
D．thought
解析 pay attention to为固定短语，意为“关心；注意”，符合题意。
答案 B
6．My sister wants to work in the power plant which________still________.
A．is；building
B．has；been built
C．is；being built
D．is；to be built
解析 由于两空格间有still，那么只能用进行时态，而power plant只能被建，所以选用被动语态。答案 C
7．There were four or five boxes in the corner of the house________toys and books.
A．containing
B．contain
C．including
D．include
解析 containing...为现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于which contain...；contain的意义是“包含；含有”，表示某个容器里面所含有的东西。
答案 A
8．I would appreciate________if you would just let me deal with this incident.
A．that
B．this
C．it
D．one
解析 动词appreciate作“感激”讲时，其后可接形式宾语it，再接一个if引导的宾语从句，表示“如果……(我)将不胜感激”。
答案 C
9．All the newspaper reporters hurried to the airport，______ that the pop star didn’t turn up at all.
A．disappointing to find
B．disappointed finding
C．disappointing finding
D．disappointed to find
解析 空格处所缺的词是前面成分的伴随状语，表示the newspaper reporters的一种心理变化，用disappointed；同时构成“(be)＋adj.＋to do”句式。
答案 D
10．Chinese people were so excited when they saw Mr Hu________the PLA on the National Day of 2009.
A．examined
B．checkedC．observed
D．inspected
解析 此句中的inspect是“视察；检阅”之意，符合句意。其他选项中，examine表示“检查”；observe表示“观察”；check表示“核查”，都可排除。
答案 D
11．We are warned that some species in the world are________unless immediate action is taken.
A．dying down
B．dying back
C．dying away
D．dying out
解析 句意：我们被警告如果不立即采取措施的话，世界上的很多物种将会灭绝。die out是“灭绝”之意，符合句意。
答案 D
12．This special school accepts all disabled students，________educational level and background.
A．according to
B．regardless of
C．in addition to
D．in terms of
解析 考查介词短语的辨析。according to根据；regardless of 不管；不顾；in addition to除……之外；in terms of 就……而言。
答案 B
13．Steps must be taken________this kind of disaster will never happen again.
A．because
B．even if
C．so that
D．as
解析 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：必须采取措施以避免这种灾难不再发生。because因为，引导原因状语从句；even if 即使，引导条件状语从句；as因为；由于，引导原因状语从句。
答案 C
14．—Why don't we choose that road to save time?
—The bridge to it________.
A．has repaired
B．is repaired
C．is being repaired
D．will be repaired
解析 考查动词时态及语态。句意：——我们为什么不走那条路以节约时间呢？——通往那条路的桥还在修理中。
答案 C
15．—Could you be so kind as to pass me the cellphone?
—______.
A．With pleasure
B．A pleasure
C．Yes，please
D．Go ahead
解析 句意：——你能把手机递给我吗？——很愿意。with pleasure很高兴，很乐意(表示欣然应允，用以回答Could/Would/Will you...？)；a pleasure用以回答Thank you；C、D两项意为：行啊，请吧，表示允许对方去做某事。
答案 A
Ⅱ.阅读理解
What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball？That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players，and some anxiety among those of us with soccerplaying children.
For the study，researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women.All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed yearround in adult soccer leagues.Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year，as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned，using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information，compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”，like that after a serious concussion，the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them，forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.
语篇解读： 研究表明，经常用头顶球会对大脑的内部构造造成严重影响，进而影响人的记忆力、注意力以及对视觉信息的处理能力。
1．The passage is most probably a________.
A．news report B．research report
C．story for soccer players D．text for doctors
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段开头部分中的内容可推知，本文是一篇研究报告。
答案 B
2．From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have________.
A．significant effect on one’s brain
B．little effect on one’s brain
C．nothing to do with the brain injury
D．one’s memory improved
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains”可推知，频繁地用头顶球对大脑有显著的影响。
答案 A
3．What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?
A．Playing soccer frequently.
B．Tests of their memory.
C．White matter loss.
D．Information processing.
解析 细节理解题。结合第四段中的“loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory”以及下一段的开头部分可知，记忆力的丧失可能与大脑中的白色物质缺失有关。
答案 C
4．The underlined word “fumbling” is closest in meaning to________.
A．remembering B．misunderstanding
C．recalling D．missing
解析 词义猜测题。结合画线词前面的“worse at recalling lists of words”和“forgetting”可推知，fumbling与missing的意思最相近。
答案 D
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。
A man was driving on the road.Suddenly his car stopped.He got out of the car tried to find out the trouble.“It's the motor.”said the voice behind him.He was surprising and turned around.But he saw only an old horse.“Did you say something？”he asked.“I said you should check yours motor，”the horse replied.The man rushed to the nearer house.With a very excited voice，he told the farmer had happened.The farmer，therefore，showed no sign of excitement.He explained.“He didn't know anything about cars.He can only repeat what I often say.”
答案
A man was driving on the road.Suddenly his car stopped.He got out of the car
to find out the trouble.“It's the motor.”said
voice behind him.He was
and turned around.But he saw only an old horse.“Did you say ？”he asked.“I said you should check
motor，”the horse replied.The man rushed to the
house. a very excited voice，he told the farmerhad happened.The farmer，，showed no sign of excitement.He explained，“He know anything about cars.He can only repeat what I often say.”