Unit 23 Conflict
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For anyone who is determined to be a fashion designer，it is not enough to have succeeded in college.The real test is whether they can survive，and become established during their early 20s，making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can be as important as talent and creativity.
Fashion is a hard business.There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant and extremely fast speed to prepare for the next season’s collections.It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to make attractive advertisements of the latest fashion in newspapers and magazines.It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.“We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is.” says Lydia Kemeny，Head of Fashion at St.Martin’s School of Art in London.“And we point out that drive and determination are absolutely necessary.”
This may seem far removed from the popular opinions of fashionable young people spending their time designing pretty dresses.That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college won’t be slow in introducing students to commercial realities，“We don’t walk our foot on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the restrictions
of price，producing
ability，marketing and so on.”
Almost all fashion design is done to a brief.It is not a form of selfexpression as such，although there is certainly room for imagination and creativity.Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a producer or a fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer.Even those students who are most modern in their own taste of clothes may need to adapt to produce designs which are right for the mainstream of the market.They also have to be able to work at both the expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be demanding.
【语篇解读】 成为时尚设计师并不是件容易的事。仅仅在大学校园里获取学业的成功是不够的，时尚在不断变化，商业技巧和天赋、创造性同样重要。
1．Which of the following is mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Talent in fashion.
B．Good marks at college.
C．Ability to create new designs.
D．Business skills in fashion industry.
答案： D [主旨大意题。第一段是文章的主题段，通读全文可知整篇文章介绍的是在时尚业应该掌握怎样的商业技巧才能立足。]
2．What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A．Fashion designers are highly motivated and really detemined.
B．Good preparations for the next season can reduce stress.
C．Consumers’ appetite for new ideas keeps changing.
D．Advertisement business is very competitive.
答案 C [细节理解题。从第二段中的“It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.”可知消费者对时尚的追求是不断变化的。]
3．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Lydia Kemeny’s opinion.
B．The competitive business world.
C．The warning to the young designers.
D．The real situation in fashion industry.
答案 D [代词指代题。通过阅读第二、三段可知，This指代的是第二段讲到的内容，即时尚界的真实情况。 ]
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．St.Martin’s School of Art encourages the new students to design dresses they like.
B．St.Martin’s School of Art requires students to develop their creativity in their designing.
C．St.Martin’s School of Art demands students to make pretty dresses for companies.
D．St.Martin’s School of Art focuses
on teaching students commercial realities.
答案 D [正误判断题。根据第三段的第二句和第三句可知该校重视教学生有关商业方面的知识。]
B
What will people die of 100 years from now？If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology.With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time.Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war.Today's leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days.But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.How long can humans live？Human brains were known to decide to final death.Cells are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever.But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine.Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs.The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on—in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
【语篇解读】 随着科技、医学的发展，未来的某天，人类的寿命会得到无限制地延长。年龄与疾病对生命不再构成威胁。
5．According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by________.
A．diseases and aging
B．accidents and war
C．accidents and aging
D．heart disease and war
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Today's leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.” 可知目前导致人类死亡的主要原因是疾病和衰老。]
6．In the author's opinion，today's most important advance in technology lies in________.
A．medicine
B．the Internet
C．brain cells
D．human organ
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段“But the change in medicine can be real technological event of our times.”可知答案选A。]
7．Humans may live longer in the future because________.
A．heart disease will be far away from us
B．human brains can decide the final death
C．the basic materials of cells will last forever
D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段“But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine...medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs.” 可知医药将能够修复人的器官，从而使人活得更长。]
8．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B．humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C．much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D．we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells
答案 C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future”可知还有很多技术问题需要解决，才能实现延长人类寿命的目的。]
Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying up all night clearly taxes the body，but scientists have only now added up the exact bill.Researchers from the University of Colorado at Boulder measured the actual calories the body loses for an allnighter.__9__It conserves about as much as in a glass of warm milk.
__10__It loses an extra 161 calories that it would have saved during eight hours of sleep(not counting what's used in moving around while awake)，but it's no weightloss miracle.The body tries to make up for the deficit(不足额)by saving more energy than usual the next day and night.
To measure how much energy people use during sleep in a more accurate way than has been done before，Kenneth Wright，a physiologist at the University of Colorado，and his colleagues studied seven people.Each of the healthy young volunteers lived inside a sealed room for three days.The volunteers were on bed rest during the entire time and ate the same amount of calories at the same time each day.The researchers continually monitored the person's brain waves and how much oxygen and carbon dioxide the person breathed in and out.__11__
“Sure，there's energy saving，but it's not worth much.It's a hot dog bun or a cup of milk's worth，”Paul Shaw of Washington University，who wasn't involved in the study above，says of many scientists' attitude toward the amount of calories the body saves during sleep.__12__
After staying up all night，volunteers burned about 28 fewer calories during a recovery sleep of eight hours than they had during a full night of regular sleep.__13__In the 24hour period during which people caught up on missing sleep，they also burned about 228 fewer calories than during a comparable period in which they were sleepdeprived.Overall，when people slept normally，they burned 96 more calories than they did on days when they were making up for lost sleep.
A．The energy conservation didn't stop there.
B．The recovery sleep should be limited to eight hours.
C．He also said small differences could have large consequences.
D．Missing a night of sleep forces the body to burn more calories.
E．They found a full night of sleep helps the body preserve energy.
F．The amount of energy saving associated with sleep isn't little.
G．Therefore the team were able to calculate each person's energy use during the experiment.
答案 9.E 10.D 11.G 12.C 13.A
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线(____)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
Today we had the honor of invite Professor Smith to give us an English lesson.All of us were deeply impressing by this unforgettable English lesson.The professor began the class in an amusing English story，which attracted our attentions at once.He spoke slowly and clearly so that we could follow him well.Great inspired，most of us took an active part in classroom activities.After class，many students being interviewed spoke highly of him.They said never before have they experienced such interesting a class.From his lesson，we came to conclusion that it is not so difficult to learn English whether we find a good way.
答案
Today we had the honor of
Professor Smith to give us an English lesson.All of us were deeply
by this unforgettable English lesson.The professor began the class
an amusing English story，which attracted our
at once.He spoke slowly and clearly so that we could follow him well.
inspired，most of us took an active part in classroom activities.After class，many students
being——— interviewed spoke highly of him.They said never before
they experienced
interesting a class.From his lesson，we came
to
conclusion that it is not so difficult to learn English
we find a good way.