Unit 21 Human Biology
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I used to________my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient.
A．meet with
B．come up with
C．put up with
D．correspond with
答案 D [句意：我过去和朋友们靠书信交流，而现在用互联网更方便了。correspond with“与……通信”；meet with“碰见”；come up with“提出”；put up with“容忍”。]
2．—The song is so nice that I think it will________quickly.
—Surely it will.
A hold on
B．go on
C．get on
D．catch on
答案 D [考查短语动词。由so nice可知后文意思应是“这首歌很快会流行起来”。catch on 流行；hold on 坚持；go on 继续；get on相处。]
3．—Why did the parents spend so much money on their children?
—They just want to have their children________with good education.
A．offered B．paid
C．madeD．equipped
答案 D [句意为：——为什么父母在他们的孩子身上花这么多的钱？——他们只是想让他们的孩子获得好的教育。本句使用了have sth.done，同时选项中的equip意为“装备”，常与with连用；而offer的结构是offer sb.sth.和offer sth.to sb.不能够与介词with连用。]
4．________made the school proud was________more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A．What；because
B．What；that
C．That；what
D．That；because
答案 B [第一空用what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句，只起连接作用，不作句子成分。]
5．—What you’ve said sounds________，but can we really solve the problem in that way?
—It is worth a try.
A．absurd B．awesome
C．reasonable D．shallow
答案 C [reasonable合理的，讲道理的。句意为：——你讲的听起来有道理，但我们真的能用那种方式解决这个问题吗？——值得一试。absurd荒谬的，可笑的；awesome使人敬畏的，令人畏惧的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。]
6．—It's really a surprise that the manager should have no idea of the plan.
—Of course he doesn't，for the plan was made in his________.
A．shortage
B．analysis
C．absence
D．presence
答案 C [考查名词词义。由has no idea about the plan 可知后文意思是“计划是在他不在的时候制定的”。absence 缺席，不在；presence出席；shortage 缺少；analysis 分析。]
7．It is certain that his son will________his business when he gets old.
A．take over
B．think over
C．hand over
D．go over
答案 A [本题考查短语辨析。句意：可以确定，当他老了的时候，他的儿子将接管他的事业。take over“接管”，think over“考虑”，hand over“移交”，go over“复习”。]
8．Don't you know that I always succeed in________I try?
A．no matter what
B．whatever
C．that
D．whether
答案 B [考查宾语从句。句意：你难道不知道无论我试做什么都能成功吗？介词in后面的宾语从句缺少宾语，故用whatever引导。]
9．—Make sure that you________warm，as outdoor temperatures may be below freezing at night at this time of year.
—I will，thank you.
A．wipe out B．carry off
C．wrap up D．get through
答案 C [根据as outdoor temperatures may be below freezing...可知，你要“穿得暖和(wrap up warm)”。wipe out彻底毁灭；carry off掠去，夺走；get through通过，度过，到达，(电话等)接通。]
10．In the________society，human beings had to eat whatever they could find，whether it was raw or cooked food.
A．permanent
B．primitive
C．ancient
D．original
答案 B [permanent“永久的；永恒的”，primitive“原始的；落后的”，ancient“古代的”，original“最初的”；primitive society “原始社会”。]
11．Information has been put forward________more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A．while
B．that
C．when
D．as
答案 B [该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact，news，promise，possibility，information，doubt，message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。]
12．—I think it is going to be a big problem.
—Yes，it could be.
—I wonder________we can do about it.
A．if
B．how
C．what
D．that
答案 C [本题考查名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我想我们能就此做些什么”。]
13．Bless your heart，I know you didn't break the vase________.Don't cry!
A．by accident
B．on your own
C．on purpose
D．on the contrary
答案 C [句意：哎呀，我知道你不是故意把花瓶打破的。别哭了！by accident“偶然地”；on your own“靠自己”；on purpose“故意地”；on the contrary“相反地”。]
14．If he________quietly as the doctor instructed，Ronald，would not suffer so much now.
A．laid
B．lay
C．should lie
D．had lain
答案 D [考查混合虚拟句。根据句意可知，从句是对过去时间的虚拟，应用过去完成时，而主句是与现在事实相反，应用would＋动词原形。]
15．If he________his legs in the last training，he________the coming World Cup，which he has been longing to compete in.
A．didn't hurt；would go in for
B．hadn't hurt；would have taken part in
C．hadn't hurt；would join in
D．didn't hurt；would have taken part in
答案 C [考查虚拟语气。in the last training暗示第一空是对过去的虚拟，从句应该用过去完成时，又根据主句中the coming World Cup可知第二空表示对将来的虚拟，所以应该用“would＋动词原形”。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty (贫困)，and only the rich could manage without great __16__. Three of those rich men and their servants were__17__together on a road when they came to a very__18__village.
The first could not stand seeing the poverty, __19__he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons (四轮载重马车) and shared__20__out among the villagers. He wished them all the best of luck, and he left.
The second rich man，seeing the__21__situation, stopped for a short time and gave__22__ all his food and drink, since he__23__ see that money would be of little__24__to them. He made sure that they each__25__ their fair share and would have enough food to__26__for some time.Then, he left.
The third rich man, on seeing such poverty，__27__and went straight through the__28__without stopping. The two other rich men saw this from a distance and commented with each other__29__the third rich man lacked sympathy. It was__30__that they themselves had been there to offer help.
However, three days later, they__31__the
third rich man ，who was coming in the opposite direction . He was __32__travelling quickly, but his wagons, __33__ the gold and valuables they had been__34__，were now full of farming tools and bags of__35__.He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
【语篇解读】 本文是一则寓言故事，讲述了三位富人以不同的方式赈济村民的故事。第一位富人取出自己全部的金银财宝分给贫穷的村民，第二位富人捐出所有的食物和饮料，而第三位富人的做法却大大出乎人们的意料，他虽目睹贫困之情形却继续赶路，前两位富人给了他“缺乏同情心” 的恶评。但他的做法却是发人深省的——他为村民换来了农耕的工具和种子，这才是村民脱贫最需要的。
16．A.loss
B．expectations
C．success
D. problems
答案 D [前半句中的 there was great poverty(贫困)正好与D项 problems “困难”相对应，此处意为“只有富人能够维持下去而没有太大的困难”。]
17．A. standing
B．travelling
C．gathering
D. running
答案 B [其中有三位富人和他们的仆人一起赶路来到了一个村庄。came to 给我们提示，空白处应该填入一个动态的动词，故用 travelling。]
18．A.faraway
B. poor
C．different
D．ancient
答案 B [上文提到过 great poverty，所以此处应该填 poor。faraway “遥远的”，不等于就是贫困的，与上文不符。]
19．A.unless
B．because
C．so
D．if
答案 C [前面说第一位富人不能忍受看到这种贫困，该空后面说他取出所有的金银财宝分给村民。由此不难看出前后是因果关系，故用so。]
20．A.them
B．anything
C．nothing
D．those
答案 A [此处用 them 代替前文的 all the gold and jewels。]
21．A.curious
B．worrying
C．dangerous
D．puzzling
答案 B [该空后面的 situation 指的是19空前的 the poverty，贫困应该是“令人忧虑的”而不是“好奇的”“危险的”或“令人迷惑不解的”。]
22．A.the villagers
B．his servants
C．the others
D．the rest
答案 A [第二位富人不忍心看到这种情形，停了一会儿之后他把所有食物和饮料都给了村民(the villagers)。]
23．A.could
B．might
C．should
D．must
答案 A [could 表示能力，意为“能够”，符合语境。might 表可能性，意为“或许，可能”，用于表示把握性不大的推测；should “应该”；must “必须”，均不合逻辑。]
24．A.interest
B．concern
C．use
D. attraction
答案 C [他知道钱对于他们来说几乎没有用。be of little use to...“对于……几乎没有用”。]
25．A.returned
B．gained
C．offered
D. received
答案 D [receive 与前文的 give 相对应，即他确保他们每个人都公平地“收到”他们应得的那份。]
26．A.remain
B．last
C．supply
D. share
答案 B [会有足够的食物维持一段时间。]
27．A.turned back
B．set out
C. showed off
D．speeded up
答案 D [第三位富人一看到这种贫困的情形，加快了步伐径直穿过而没有停下来。该空后面的 went through 和 without stopping 是提示。]
28．A.village
B．land
C. field
D. road
答案 A [第三位富人径直穿过村庄没有停下来。]
29．A.whether
B．how
C．where
D. when
答案 B [前两位富人评论第三位富人缺乏同情心。how 引导宾语从句，意为“如何……，多么……”。]
30．A.good
B．certain
C．true
D．strange
答案 A [该空后面的 they themselves 指的是前文的 the two other rich men，根据前文可知，另外两位富人认为第三位富人缺乏同情心，而他们提供帮助当然是“好的”。]
31．A.welcomed
B．met
C．accepted
D. persuaded
答案 B [根据该空后面的宾语 the third rich man和上下文可知，此处应该填 met，即三天之后他们遇到了第三位富人。]
32．A.still
B. already
C. always
D. indeed
答案 A [27空有提示。再次见到第三位富人时，他“仍然”走得很快。quickly 与 speed up 是相对应的。]
33．A.except
B. instead of
C．apart from
D．along with
答案 B [根据后文的 now full of farming tools and...可知，原来装的 the gold and valuables “金子和有价值的东西”没有了，取而代之的是农具和种子，所以应选 instead of “代替，取代”。]
34．A.loading
B．treasuring
C．carrying
D. earning
答案 C [金子和有价值的东西是他原来一直携带 “carry” 着的。其他选项很显然不合题意。]
35．A.food
B．jewels
C．money
D．seeds
答案 D [and 这个并列连词前面是 farming tools，所以此空应该是与农耕有关的词语，据此可知，答案应选D，seeds “种子”。]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering (改变) the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened；necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in highheeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes，one wonder，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？That is for you to decide.
【语篇解读】 女人爱美的天性被时装设计师和商人充分利用，他们不断推出各种新款服装，赚足了女士们的钱，而女士们为了美丽心甘情愿地被他们剥削。男士在时装方面则显得比女士更理性。
36．Designers and big stores always make money________.
A．by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing
B．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
C．because they are able to predict new fashions for the coming seaon
D．because they attach great importance to the quality of women’s clothing
答案 A [推理判断题。第一段提到“因为她们一想到自己穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就不寒而栗，所以总是被服装设计师和大商场利用”，由此判断，这些人利用她们追求衣着时尚的特点来赚钱，故选A.通过不断改变女装的时尚。B.通过无情地盘剥服装加工行业的女工，C.因为他们能预测下一个季节的新款式，D.因为他们注重女装的质量，都不正确。]
37．To the writer，that women alter their old fashioned dresses is seen as________.
A．a waste of money
B．an expression of taste
C．a waste of time
D．an expression of creativity
答案 C [细节理解题。第二段说，女士们如果没钱置办新衣，她们就浪费几个小时的时间来修改她们现有的服装以追求时尚。由此判断选C，作者觉得这样做是浪费时间。]
38．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?
A．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
B．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of characters.
C．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
答案 D [推理判断题。从第三段第一句可知A项错误；第三段说，女人为了美愿意忍受任何的不舒适，而没有提到反映了她们“性格的力量”，故B项错误；文章没有提到C项内容。从全文内容可知，作者觉得服装设计师推出各种新款服装的目的是赚钱，是“一年又一年无情地盘剥女士们”，由此判断选D。]
39．By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”，the writer means that________.
A．women are better able to put up with discomfort
B．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion
C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
D．women’s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
答案 B [推理判断题。最后一段说，比较男人和女人对时装的态度就能得出一个明显的结论，男人很聪明，不会被时装设计师欺骗。从这些叙述可知应选B，男士在选择服饰方面比女士更理性。]
写作素材集锦
单词
1．swallow吞下，掩饰
2．inadequate缺乏信心的
短语
show one's love for对……表示爱
句子
Feeling a big girl，I ran back across the yard and proudly handed my creation to daddy，and he took a big bite.
感到自己长大了，我跑过院子，自豪地把我做的奶酪三明治递给父亲，然后他吃了一大口。