The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___50___.
What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.
When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. ___52___ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___53___ some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.
When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___54___ to your evolving purpose, or to include ___55___ ideas or newly discovered information.
Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___56___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___57___. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows ___58___. Always make time to become your own ___59___and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___60___ new ideas.
Revising involves ___61___ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___62___ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the ___63___ that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many ___64___ details that may confuse readers?
50. A. technique
B. style
C. process
D. career
51. A. in particular
B. as a result
C. for example
D. in other words
52. A. undergone
B. skipped
C. rejected
D. replaced
53. A. rewrote
B. released
C. recorded
D. reserved
54. A. addition
B. response
C. opposition
D. contrast
55. A. fixed
B. ambitious
C. familiar
D. fresh
56. A. However
B. Moreover
C. Instead
D. Therefore
57. A. discuss
B. switch
C. exhaust
D. cover
58. A. drafting
B. rearranging
C. performing
D. training
59. A. director
B. master
C. audience
D. visitor
60. A. personal
B. valuable
C. basic
D. delicate
61. A. mixing
B. weakening
C. maintaining
D. assessing
62. A. amazing
B. bright
C. unique
D. clear
63. A. angles
B. evidence
C. information
D. hints
64. A. unnecessary
B. uninteresting
C. concrete
D. final
【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。
50.答案：C
考点：本题考查名词辨析
解析：参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和“However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。名词technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
51.答案：D
考点：本题考查介词短语辨析
解析：前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in other words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in particular（尤其、特别表强调）、as a result（因此，表结果）、for example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
52.答案：A
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：动词skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”对应。本题难度适中。
53.答案：A
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：动词release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。本题难度适中。
54.答案：B
考点：本题考查介词短语辨析
解析：介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除…之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与...的意见相反”，in contrast to表示“与...形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to（作为对┄的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”本题难。
55.答案：D
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。本题难度适中。
56.答案：B
考点：本题考查副词辨析
解析：副词Moreover（而且）类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
57.答案：B
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：switch topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。本题难度适中。
58.答案：D
考点：本题考查动名词辨析
解析：名词drafting（起草）、rearranging（重新安排）、performing（表演）都与题意不符。名词training.（培训）在本句表示“排练”，与上文dress rehearsals / tryouts同义。本题难。
59.答案：C
考点：本题考查名词辨析
解析：名词audience（观众）与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。
60.答案：B
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。
61.答案：A
考点：本题考查动词辨析
解析：动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。本题难。
62.答案：D
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。
63.答案：C
考点：本题考查名词辨析
解析：后句名称facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与上句newly discovered information对应。本题难度适中。
64.答案：A
考点：本题考查形容词辨析
解析：形容词unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。
形容词uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。本题难。
完形填空
I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper(脾气) has
1
me with plenty of opportunities(机会) to make them. In one of my earliest
2
, my mother is telling me, “Don’t watch the
3
when you say ‘I’m sorry’. Hold your head up and look the person in the
4
, so he’ll know you
5
it.”
My mother thus made the key point of a(n)
6
apology: it must be direct. You must never 7
to be doing something else. You do not
8
a pile of letters while apologizing to a person
9
in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your
10
. You do not apologize to a hostess(女主人), whose guest of honor you treat
11
, by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad
12
.
One of the important things you should do for an
13
apology is readiness to
14
the responsibility(责任) for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no
15
for the other person to
16
us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling
17
about themselves. That, after all, is the
18
of every apology. It
19
little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one’s
20
encourages others to take their share of the blame.
1． A．provided
B．mixed
C．compared
D．treated
2． A．dreams
B．courses
C．memories
D．ideas
3． A．side
B．ground
C．wall
D．bottom
4． A．mind
B．soul
C．face
D．eye
5． A．imagine
B．enjoy
C．mean
D．regret
6． A．useful
B．successful
C．equal
D．basic
7． A．pretend
B．forget
C．refuse
D．expect
8． A．hold on
B．put away
C．look through
D．pick up
9． A．poorer
B．weaker
C．worse
D．lower
10．A．fault
B．reason
C．result
D．duty
11．A．cruelly
B．freely
C．roughly
D．foolishly
12．A．manners
B．excuses
C．efforts
D．roles
13．A．active
B．effective
C．extra
D．easy
14．A．raise
B．perform
C．admit
D．bear
15．A．situation
B．need
C．sign
D．room
16．A．advise
B．forgive
C．warn
D．blame
17．A．wiser
B．warmer
C．better
D．cleverer
18．A．purpose
B．method
C．end
D．advantage
19．A．cares
B．matters
C．depends
D．remains
20．A．facts
B．states
C．rights
D．actions
参考答案及解析
1—5 ACBDC
6—10 BACDA
11—15 CABDD
16—20 BCABD
1．选A。provide … with意为“向……提供……”。
2．选C。紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。
3．选B。与后面提到的“要抬起头”正好相反。
4．选D。道歉时看着对方的眼睛，以示真诚，这一点在中西方文化是相同的。
5．选C。mean it意为“这样对方就会明白你有道歉的意思”。it在这里指道歉的行为。
6．选B。冒号后的内容即为“成功的”道歉的一些基本特征。
7．选A。 pretend“假装”。根据情景和常识选定。
8．选C。其他三个选项不合语境。
9．选D。职位一般论的是高、低。
10．选A。fault“过错（责任）”。turn out意为“后来证明是”。
11．选C。roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌，服务不到位。从前面的要不要道歉的讨论可以猜出这一答案。
12．选A。bad manners 意为不礼貌的行为，从treat roughly这一信息不难推测出这一答案。
13．选B。effective与successful有异曲同工之妙。
14．选D。bear the responsibility（承担责任），系习惯搭配。
15．选D。leave no room不留余地。
16．选B。经常找借口，那么也就会不留余地让别人来“原谅”自己。
17．选C。better表示“心情更舒畅”。未找借口的道歉，即真诚的道歉，对方的感觉一定很好。
18．选A。道歉的最终“目的”是化干戈为玉帛，大家和好如初，所以用purpose。 end表示“目的”时用复数较多，而且不及purpose直接。
19．选B。道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要：关键是为所作所为主动负责，这也能促使别人共同承担责任。 根据语境不难排除另三个选项。
20．选D。根据行文逻辑应该是对自己的“行动”负责。answer for在此意为“对……
负责”。
[双向细目表] 词法 重点词汇: roughly; bad manners; pretend; leave no room; bear.
完形填空（记叙文）
The storm broke. The cracks of thunder could be heard even above the roar of the engines. Lightening lit up the 1 skies, and within moments that great plane was tossed (翻滚) around. One moment the airplane was 2 on terrific currents of air; the next, it dropped as if it were about to 3 .
The minister admitted that he shared the discomfort and 4 of those around him. He said, “As I looked around the plane, I could see that nearly all the passengers were 5 . Some were praying. The future seemed ominous (恶兆的) and many were 6 if they would make it through the storm.”
Then, he suddenly saw a little girl. Obviously the storm meant 7 to her. She had tucked (缩拢) her feet 8 her as she sat on her seat; she was reading a book and everything within her small world was 9 and orderly. Sometimes she closed her 10 , then she would read again; then she would straighten her 11 , but worry and fear were not in her 12 . When the plane was being tossed by the terrible 13 when it leaned this way and that, as it rose and 14 , when all the 15 were scared half to death, that child was 16 calm and unafraid. The minister could hardly believe his 17 .
It was not surprising therefore that when the plane finally reached its 18 and all the passengers were hurrying to come out, our minister 19 to speak to the girl whom he had watched for such a long time. Having commented about the storm and 20 of the plane, he asked why she had not been afraid.
The child replied, “Because my Daddy’s the pilot, and he’s taking me home.”
1. A. darkeningB. blueC. clearD. high
2. A. controlledB. performedC. liftedD. driven
3. A. landB. crashC. riseD. fly
4. A. sadnessB. fearC. joyD. anger
5. A. upset and alarmedB. joyful and exciting C. angry and surprisedD. calm and silent
6. A. askingB. prayingC. knowingD. wondering
7. A. dangerB. everythingC. lifeD. nothing
8. A. beneathB. besideC. onD. above
9. A. colourfulB. calmC. darkD. ready
10. A. windows B. doorC. eyesD. arms
11. A. legsB. bookC. bodyD. seat
12. A. thoughtB. mindC. worldD. sight
13. A. rainB. stormC. windD. sky
14. A. flewB. crashedC. soundedD. fell
15. A. passengersB. peopleC. adultsD. men
16. A. completelyB. hardlyC. partlyD. most
17. A. earsB. eyesC. mindD. belief
18. A. stillnessB. heightC. destinationD. top
19. A. stoppedB. remainedC. beganD. liked
20. A. stateB. priceC. comfortD. behaviour
参考答案169.ACBBA DDABC ACBDC ABCBD：