(北京模拟)体裁 议论文 话题 事物的全面性 词数 301
Beware of those who use the truth to deceive(欺骗). When someone tells you something that is 1 , but leaves out important information that should be 2 , he can create a false impression.
For example, someone might say, “I just 3 a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and 4 it in for one hundred dollars! ”
This guy is a winner, 5 ? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred 6 , and only one was a winner. He’s really a big 7 !
He didn’t say anything that was 8 , but he deliberately left out some important 9 . That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically 10 , but they are just as not 11 .
Untrustworthy candidates in 12 campaigns often use this tactic(手段). Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, the state lost one million jobs and 13 three million jobs. Then she 14 another term. One of her opponents runs an ad 15 , “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs! ”That’s true. 16 , an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of 17 million jobs. ”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s 18 the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the 19 . An ad might boast, “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples. ”It 20 to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
1. A. false
B. true
C. interesting
D. boring
2. A. included
B. contained
C. ignored
D. referred
3. A. lost
B. found
C. donated
D. won
4. A. changed
B. took
C. turned
D. made
5. A. right
B. well
C. really
D. though
6. A. books
B. papers
C. tickets
D. balls
7. A. winner
B. loser
C. fighter
D. thinker
8. A. true
B. real
C. doubtful
D. false
9. A. details
B. information
C. mistakes
D. errors
10. A. stories
B. truth
C. messages
D. lies
11. A. pleasant
B. exciting
C. honest
D. clever
12. A. political
B. commercial
C. personal
D. public
13. A. stopped
B. found
C. avoided
D. gained
14. A. seeks
B. gets
C. achieves
D. searches
15. A. writing
B. telling
C. saying
D. speaking
16. A. Otherwise
B. However
C. Meanwhile
D. Because
17. A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
18. A. for
B. to
C. against
D. in
19. A. words
B. facts
C. data
D. truth
20. A. fails
B. tries
C. manages
D. plans
【拓展训练】
根据文章内容回答问题。
1. Suppose a boy says he was late for school because he had a flat tire, how can you find he is telling a half-truth? (no more than 20 words)
2. What’s the writer’s attitude toward the situation in the passage? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________
【文章大意】作者以只给出部分事实的事情为例, 指出我们不应该只看事物的表面事实, 因为这些事实有时是片面的。
1. 【解析】选B。考查词语复现。根据Beware of those who use the truth to deceive. 可知。
2.【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。当有人告诉你部分事实, 但省略了应该包括在内的重要信息时, 他就能创造虚假的印象。include通常表示把某事物或某人作为其中的一部分包含在内; contain通常指某容器中盛或装有某物, 还可以指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质; ignore忽视; refer提及。
3. 【解析】选D。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据下文This guy is a winner可知是买彩票中了一百美元。win赢得; lose失去; find找到; donate捐赠。
4. 【解析】选C。考查固定搭配。turn in上交; change改变; take拿; make制作。
5. 【解析】选A。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据Maybe, maybe not. 可知, 本句意为“这个人是个赢家, 对吗? ”
6.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据I took that dollar ticket back to the store andit in for one hundred dollars! ”可知。
7. 【解析】选B。考查背景常识。买彩票的人买了200张彩票, 但只赢了100美元, 因此是输家。
8.【解析】选D。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据That’s called a half-truth. 可知。
9. 【解析】选B。考查词语复现。根据第一段中When someone tells you something that is, but leaves out important information that should be, he can create a false impression. 可知。
10. 【解析】选D。考查词语复现。根据文章最后一句Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well. 可知。
11.【解析】选C。考查背景常识。根据常识可知half-truths不诚实。
12.【解析】选A。考查前后照应。根据下文所举的例子来看, 这是一次政治竞选活动。political政治的; commercial商业的; personal个人的; public公开的。
13. 【解析】选D。考查词语复现。根据During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain ofmillion jobs. ”可知。
14. 【解析】选A。考查对上下文语境的理解。史密斯州长谋求第二个任期。seek谋求; get得到; achieve达到; search搜寻。
15.【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。根据ad可知是广告上写着……。
16.【解析】选B。考查对上下文语境的理解。分析句意可知前后为转折关系。however然而; otherwise否则; meanwhile与此同时; because因为。
17.【解析】选B。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, the state lost one million jobs andthree million jobs. 可知。
18.【解析】选C。考查背景常识。造假当然是违背法律的。
19.【解析】选D。考查前后照应。根据句中的false可知。
20.【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。它未提及他们只问了十名医生, 其中九名为the Yucky Corporation工作。
【拓展训练】
1. He didn’t tell he actually came to school by bus. / He had a flat tire after he got to school.
2. The writer felt disappointed/sad but helpless.
“Hi!
How are you? ” A woman smiled as she took the seat beside me. She had to lower herself slowly, squeezing her fat body into the seat,
16
all available space. I
17
a little towards the window, feeling worried silently about the long hours of
18
I was going to experience with this monster（巨物）beside me.
She said, “My name is Laura. I’m from Britain. If we’re going to spend six hours side by side on this
19
, we’d better be friends. ” Then she started a conversation with me and didn’t
20
my unfriendly reactions. She talked
21
about herself and her trip to Hong Kong.
I gave her one-word answers to her questions about me. Not affected by my
22
, she nodded as she made
23
about my answers. She was warm and considerate,
24
that I had room to stretch in my seat.
I couldn’t help but let down my
25
slowly. Laura was an interesting conversationalist. During our conversation, Laura
26
to make every crew member on the plane who
27
us walk away laughing at her jokes.
I asked Laura, “Have you ever
28
losing some weight? ”“No. I don’t trust the advertisements from slimming centers at all. ”“You aren’t worried about the diseases that come with being
29
? ”“Not at all. You only
30
the diseases if you’re worried about your weight all the time. I eat
31
and walk regularly;
I’m this size
32
I was born to be big!
There is more to life than worrying about weight all day long. ” She drank her wine. “Besides, God gave me so much happiness that I need a
33
body to hold all of it!
Why would I lose weight to lose my happiness? ”
34
by her unusual reasoning, I smiled. I suddenly
35
that Laura was the most beautiful woman I had ever met in my life.
16. A. filling
B. making
C. finding
D. clearing
17. A. walked
B. turned
C. moved
D. backed
18. A. noise
B. pain
C. silence
D. discomfort
19. A. bus
B. train
C. flight
D. ship
20. A. look into
B. take notice of
C. look for
D. take control of
21. A. excitedly
B. nervously
C. angrily
D. sadly
22. A. doubt
B. disappointment
C. coldness
D. dissatisfaction
23. A. notes
B. comments
C. predictions
D. conclusions
24. A. finding out
B. believing in
C. making sure
D. feeling like
25. A. attention
B. attitude
C. idea
D. guard
26. A. managed
B. pretended
C. forgot
D. failed
27. A. charged
B. served
C. treated
D. warned
28. A. suffered from
B. cared about
C. benefited from
D. thought about
29. A. overweight
B. critical
C. embarrassed
D. anxious
30. A. prevent
B. get
C. understand
D. remove
31. A. slowly
B. hardly
C. healthily
D. probably
32. A. if
B. because
C. though
D. until
33. A. bigger
B. thinner
C. lower
D. longer
34. A. Encouraged
B. Upset
C. Exhausted
D. Surprised
35. A. hoped
B. imagined
C. realized
D. remembered
16.【解析】选A。根据句中squeezing her fat body into the seat可知，这个女人占了所有可能获得的空间。
17.【解析】选C。根据句中feeling worried silently. . . this monster beside me可知，作者往窗户边上移动了一点。
18.【解析】选D。根据句中this monster beside me可知，作者感觉和这个胖女人在一起不舒服。
19.【解析】选C。根据第四段中every crew member on the plane可得出答案。
20.【解析】选B。根据第三段中Not affected by. . . 可知，这个女人并没有注意到作者不友好的反应。
21.【解析】选A。根据第四段中Laura was an interesting conversationalist. 可得出答案。
22.【解析】选C。根据I gave her one-word answers可知，作者比较冷淡。
23.【解析】选B。根据语境可知，这个女人一边评论作者的回答一边点头。
24.【解析】选C。根据句中She was warm and considerate可知，这个女人保证作者能伸展开。
25.【解析】选D。根据后句中Laura was an interesting conversationalist. 可知，作者慢慢放松了警惕。
26.【解析】选A。根据句中walk away laughing at her jokes可推断，这个女人能够使每个人笑着离开。
27.【解析】选B。根据常识可知，机组人员是为顾客服务的。
28.【解析】选D。根据后句中I don’ t trust the advertisements from slimming centers at all可知，作者问这个女人有没有想过减肥。
29.【解析】选A。根据后句中you’re worried about your weight可得出答案。
30.【解析】选B。根据上一问句句意可推断，此处指得病。
31.【解析】选C。根据句中walk regularly可知，与之对应的是，饮食很健康。
32.【解析】选B。根据前后半句内容可知，这里为因果关系，用because。
33.【解析】选A。根据后句内容可知，这个女人不想减肥，因为她需要更大的身体来装下这些快乐。
34.【解析】选D。根据句中her unusual reasoning可推断，作者很惊讶。
35.【解析】选C。根据语境可推断，作者意识到这个胖女人是自己遇到过的最美的女人。
.I was in a department store with my mom, aunt, and my sister a few days ago. 1 , I am one of those people who do not like to go shopping with my family. However, I decided this time to 2 them.
My aunt and I were 3 for some things to buy for our family when I noticed two 4 on the side. One of them had a little girl sitting on it with her 5 nearby and the other one was 6 . So, I decided to sit down. While I was 7 my own thing there, I 8 that the family were not in front of the 9 any more. I saw the girl 10 and look around for her family. She came back and I saw her in 11 , crying.
I knew that she 12 her family and was all by herself. Now, I am sure that almost everybody has been lost in a department store or 13 big before and we all know that feeling. I decided to help her. 14 I went up to her and asked what was 15 and in tears she told me she was lost. I 16 her a smile card I just bought. You should have seen the 17 on her face when she read it. Then I went up to the customer service center and 18 them what happened. People there promised to 19 her. After I left, the little girl’s parents went there and I could see them looking around for the person who had found their daughter and given her the 20 . Little did they know it was a regular teenager who did it.
1. A. LuckilyB. UsuallyC. SadlyD. Surprisingly
2. A. helpB. encourageC. joinD. support
3. A. answeringB. lookingC. preparingD. calling
4. A. chairsB. childrenC. signsD. toys
5. A. friendsB. bookC. familyD. bags
6. A. cleanB. largeC. emptyD. beautiful
7. A. studyingB. carryingC. buyingD. doing
8. A. noticedB. believedC. doubtedD. understood
9. A. shopB. giftC. girlD. lady
10. A. get upB. come upC. give upD. make up
11. A. returnB. detailC. vainD. tears
12. A. hatedB. raisedC. lostD. lived
13. A. somewhereB. somethingC. everywhereD. everything
14. A. IfB. AsC. SoD. Or
15. A. importantB. wrongC. strangeD. different
16. A. lentB. gaveC. sentD. posted
17. A. smileB. hopeC. puzzleD. worry
18. A. remindedB. warnedC. askedD. told
19. A. look out forB. take care of C. wait forD. call up
参考答案139. BCBAC CDACA DCACB BADBD：