I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）
完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
Number
sense is
not
the
ability
to
count. It is the ability to recognize a
1
in
number. Human beings are born with this ability.
2
，experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not
3
. However, if you remove two, the bird
4
leaves. This means that the bird knows the
5
between two and three.
Another interesting experiment showed a bird's
6
number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not
7
until the man left the tower. The man had an
8
.He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not
9
the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was
10
with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were
11 .It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were
12
able to fool the crow.
How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a
13
group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are
14
fooled.
It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human
15
is not much better than a crow's.
1. A. rise
B. pattern
C. change
D. trend
2. A. Importantly
B. Surprisingly
C. Disappointedly D. Fortunately
3. A. survive
B. care
C. hatch
D. notice
4. A. generally
B. sincerely
C. casually
D. deliberately
5．A. distance
B. range
C. different
D. interval
6．A. amazing B. annoying
C. satisfying D. disturbing
7. A. relax
B. recover
C. react
D. return
8. A. appointment B. excuse
C. idea
D. explanation
9. A. fool
B. hurt
C. catch
D. kill
10.A. repo
B. repeated C. designed D. approved
11.A. confused
B. gone
C. tired
D. drunk
12.A. gradually
B. luckily
C. strangely D. finally
13. A. single
B. small
C. local
D. new
14. A. seldom
B. temporarily C. merely D. often
15. A. sight
B. nature
C. ability
D. belief
[语篇解读]：
本文是一篇说事理性的说明文，篇章模式为总-分-分-总的结构。第一段提出话题，说明什么是数字感，并通过拿鸟类作为例子说明，不仅人类与生俱来都有这种数字感，而且动物也有；第二段运用一个人想对一只乌鸦进行拍照的另一个有趣的例子来进一步鸟类的神奇的数字的分辨力；第三段，以一个婴儿为例说明人类的数字感并不是很好；最后一段为结论段，重申主题：人类和许多动物一样都有数字感，而且人类的这种能力不比乌鸦好多少。
[篇章结构]：
段落 关键词 大意推测
第一部分（para.1） Number sense… is the ability to recognize a
1 C (change)
in number. Human beings are born with this ability; …many animals are, too. the bird knows the 5 C
between two and three. 数字感是辨别数字改变的能力。动物和人类一样，与生俱来都具有这样的能力：鸟类可以识别两和三的区别。
第二部分（para.2） experiment showed a bird’s
6 A
number sense. it was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were
12 D
able to fool the crow. 一项实验证明，鸟类具有数字感：鸟类对于小的数字有数字感，对于大数字则不太好：五个人时，只有四个人离开时，乌鸦终于被搞糊涂了。
第三部分（para.3） How good is a human’s number sense? ...not very good. But when the number goes beyond three or four…are
14 D. often
fooled.
人类的数字感：同样不是特别好。数字超过三或四时，常会出错。
第四部分（para.4） number sense is something we have in common with many animals...human
15 C. ability
is not much better than a crow’s 结论：数字感是人类和很多动物共同具有的能力，人类的这种能力不比乌鸦更强。
【答案解析】
1. C。根据下文的“remove one/two”语义提示可知，这里是把数字发生变化；四个选项分别为：A“上升”，B“图案”，C“改变”，D“趋势”，由此可知本句含义为“数字感是分辨数字变化的能力”，故C为正确答案。
2. B。根据上下文的语境可知，分别说到“人类与生俱来具有这种能力（分辨数字变化的能力）”和“很多鸟类也有很好的数字感。”，运用逻辑推断可知，这里表示这是“令人惊讶的是”，四个选项分别为：A“重要的是”，B“令人惊讶的是”，C“令人失望的是”，D“幸运的是”；所以答案为B。
3. D。根据上文第一句的“recognize”和下文的“knows the
5
”语义提示可知，这是这二个词的同义词复现，本句句义为：如果一个鸟窝里有四颗鸟蛋，你拿走一个，鸟儿就会发现。A“生存下来”，B“关心”，C“孵（蛋）”均不符合语境。
4. A。根据常识判断，这里要表达的意思是：如果取走两颗鸟蛋时，鸟类在通常情况下会离开（飞走）。四个选项分别为：A“通常，一般情况下”，B“真诚地”，C“随意地”，D“故意地，有意地”。
5. C。根据上文说到的“拿走一个和二个鸟蛋时，鸟的反应和表现”的语义提示可知，这些都是属于difference的范畴。而且这里的difference与第二句中的change形成同义词复现的关系；四个选项分别为：A“距离”，B“范围”，C“不同，区别”，D“间隙（时段）”。本句句义为：这说明鸟类知道二和三的区别。
6. A。根据上下文的语义提示可知，这里要表达的意思是：另一个有意思的实验也显示了鸟类的这种令人惊奇的数字感。故答案为A。amazing与第四句空格2“Surprisingly（令人吃惊或惊奇的是）”构成同义词的复现关系。
7. D。根据下文第十一空前“not return to the nest”的语义提示可知答案，四个选项的含义分别为：A“放松”，B“恢复”，C“反应”，D“返回，归还”。本句句义为：这只鸟直到那个人离开那座塔之后才离开。事实上这里的return与上句中的left形成反义词的复现关系。
8. C。根据上下文的语境可知，这个人第一种方法行不通，所以这里再用另一方法，由此运用逻辑推断可知，这里要表达的意思是：这个人有（或想出）了一个主意，四个选项的含义分别为：A“失望”，B“借口”， C“主意，想法”，D“解释”。根据语境，下文讲了他的具体做法。A、B和D都不符合，C为正确答案：先有了想法或主意，然后是具体的行为。
9. C。根据上下文的语境可知，他们只是在做实验，根据常识并运用逻辑推断可知他们不是要抓（catch）乌鸦。其他三项A“愚弄”，B“伤害”，D“杀死”均不太符合语境。
10. B。根据上下文的语义提示可知，本句讲了实验的进展：他们又先后用三个人和四个人重复做了实验。并在下句交代了实验的结果：但是乌鸦都是等到所有人（离开）后才回巢。
四个选项的含义分别为：A“报道”，B“重复”，C“设计”，D“通过”。根据语境，
11．B。根据语义提示可知，gone与上文（本段）的left，return，left，left多次构成同义词或反义词的复现关系。所以答案选B项。句意为表示两次实验的结果：但是乌鸦都是等到所有人（离开）后才回巢。故答案为B“离开”。其他选项的含义分别为：A“感到困惑”，C“感到很累”，D“喝醉了酒”。
12．D。根据上下文语境并运用逻辑推断可知，本句以强调句的形式交代了，最后的一次实验及实验结果：直到五个人进入到塔中，只有四个人离开时，他们才最终把乌鸦给搞糊涂了/愚弄了乌鸦。其他错误选项的含义分别为：A“逐渐地”，B“幸运地”，“奇怪地”。
13．B。根据本段语境并结合常识可知，前两句在说：人类的数字感觉也不是非常好。再根据大语境，全文一直在讲，对于鸟类在小数字变换时的数字分辨能力的实验。显然可以推出本句句义为：例如，当从一个很小的一组东西中拿走一些时，十四个月大的婴儿几乎总是能够注意到（这个变化）。故答案为B。其他错误选项的含义分别为：A“单一的”，B“当地的”，D“新的”。 这里的small与以上的数字均形成具体与概括的复现关系。
14. D。根据语义提示可知，这里的often与第三句中的almost形成近义词复现关系。四个选项的含义分别为：A“很少”，B“临时”，C“只有”，D“常常”。根据语境与行文逻辑，本句句义为：但是当数字超过三或者四时，婴儿们通常会被搞糊涂。
15. C。根据上文的语义提示可知，这里的ability与首段的ability形成相同词的复现关系。文章末段与首段开甩语义照应上的前后照应的关系。四个选项的含义分别为：A“视力，看见”，B“本质，天性，内在”，C“能力”，D“信仰，相信”。本段为结论段，根据语境，本句句义为：（好像数字感是我们与世界上的许多动物都具备的能力，而且）我们人类的这种能力不比乌鸦更强。
The computer is fast, and never makes a mistake, while people are too slow, and full of mistakes sometimes. That’s __1__ people often say when __2__ talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, scientists have been __3__ better and better computers. Now a computer can __4__ a lot of __5__ jobs wonderfully. It is __6__ used in factories, hospitals, post offices and airports. A computer can report, decide and control in almost __7__ field. Many computer scientists are thinking of __8__ the computer “think” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can __9__ pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize voices, translate languages and so on. Perhaps computers will __10__ really think and feel. Do you think the people will be afraid __11__ they find that the computer is too clever to listen to and serve the people? No, people will __12__ better use of the computers in __13__ future. Man is __14__ the master of the computer. The computer works only __15__ the help of man. It cannot take the place of man.
1. A. that
B. what
C. how
D. why
2. A. we
B. they
C. you
D. people
3. A. loving
B. taking
C. making D. thinking
4. A. have
B. get
C. do
D. offer
5. A. everyday
B. every day C. each day D. some day
6. A. widely
B. wide
C. great
D. deeply
7. A. either
B. all
C. both
D. every
8. A. producing B. ordering C. making D. building
9. A. take
B. look at
C. draw
D. put
10.A. one day
B. a day
C. any day D. the other day
11.A. when
B. that
C. how
D. while
12.A. chose
B. get
C. take
D. make
13.A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
14.A. often
B. never
C. always
D. sometimes
15.A. with
B. under
C. by
D. for
名师点评
本文讲述了电脑在人类工作与生活等方面起着越来越大的作用，并告诉人们不必担心不断发展的电脑会威胁人类的安全，因为它永远处于人类的操纵之中。
答案简析
1．B。这里需要一个表语从句的引导词，并在从句中作say的宾语，代替上文的内容。 what从意思和语法上都合乎文意，为正确选项。
2．B。替代前文的people应用they。
3．C。科学家们一直在制造越来越好的电脑，故选择making。
4．C。do a lot of jobs意思为“干许多事情”。其余三个动词皆不合文意。
5．A。词组every day意思为“每天”；some day指将来的“某一天”；形容词everyday意思为“日常的”，合乎文意，为正确选项。
6．A。这里应选择一个副词，表示电脑应用的程度。widely意思是“广泛地”，为正确选项。
7．D。下文中的field是可数名词单数形式，意思为“领域”，而either指两者中的任意一个，不合文意，故选择every。
8．C。make作使役动词时，后面应接不定式的复合结构，且不定式省去to，即make sb. do sth.，故选择make。
9．C。draw意思为“画图”，合乎文意。
10．A。the other day指过去的某一天；one day既可指过去的某一天，也可指将来的某一天。这里讲的是将来的设想，故选one day。
11．A。这是一个时间状语从句。while引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词；when引导的从句中，动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词，故when为正确选项。
12．D。固定结构make use of意思为“利用”。
13．C。in the future意思为“将来”，为正确选项。而in future意思为“今后”，不合文意。
14．C。根据上下文，电脑是不可能取代人类的，而人类应永远是电脑的操纵者，故选always。
15．A。固定结构with the help of意思为“在……的帮助下”。
. 完形填空（记叙文）
I had planted different hot peppers in my garden. A Mexican fellow called Sam worked for me. He 1 hot peppers, too. It was late summer and a beautiful sunny day. My son, Marcus, eight, and my daughter, Ellen, ten, picked several 2 hot peppers and entered our workroom with their 3 . They wanted to see if Sam could 4 more hot peppers than I. After a little joking with them we agreed to the contest but they had to 5 , too. That was not 6 terms for them so they left the room.
They 7 about an hour later with a new proposal and new hot peppers they had just picked 8 they had reasoned that when a pepper was 9 in color it was the hottest kind. Marcus and Ellen would eat the green colored peppers 10 Sam and I would eat the red colored peppers. Giving Sam a wink (使眼色) , we 11 . Showing good sportsmanship (体育精神) , I had the kids 12 the peppers that Sam and I would eat. They picked the largest two red peppers. Then they picked a 13 green one for themselves. Knowing what was going to 14 , I told them I would make it 15 for them. I cut one pepper in half and removed the 16 to reduce the heat a little. The contest was one of speed rather than 17 . Each child had pepper in hand and was 18 to start.
Looking at my 19 I said, “OK, on three. One, Two, Three, So.” Much happened all at once. Tears, screams and spitting running around, the children 20 their mouth with fast waving hands. A short time later, Sam and I agreed that the red tasted better than the green.
1. A. ateB. likedC. soldD. studied
2. A. heavyB. colorfulC. largeD. green
3. A. proposalB. tricksC. imaginationD. plans
4. A. plantB. pickC. harvestD. eat
5. A. tasteB. participateC. contributeD. share
6. A. acceptableB. comfortable C. profitableD. tolerable
7. A. enteredB. returnedC. respondedD. reached
8. A. somehowB. unfortunatelyC. unexpectedlyD. anyhow
9. A. purpleB. greenC. redD. orange
10. A. forB. butC. soD. if
11. A. smiledB. understoodC. agreedD. jumped
12. A. prepareB. selectC. cutD. cook
13. A. freshB. smallC. deliciousD. hot
14. A. take inB. take onC. take placeD. take effect
15. A. more convenientB. more interestingC. happierD. easier
16 A. seedsB. leavesC. skin D. color
17. A. timeB. skill C. qualityD. quantity
18. A. nervousB. eagerC. willingD. glad
19. A. watchB. childrenC. partnerD. people
20. A. openedB. coveredC. fannedD. washed
参考答案150.BCADB ABACD CBBCD ADBAC：